科學家繪製出月經周期中人類子宮內膜的單細胞轉錄組圖譜
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/9/16 14:23:21
美國史丹福大學Stephen R. Quake、Carlos Simon等研究人員，合作繪製出月經周期中人類子宮內膜的單細胞轉錄組圖譜。2020年9月14日，《自然—醫學》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員在整個月經周期的單細胞解析度下表徵了人類子宮內膜的轉錄組轉化，從而在多個維度上解決了細胞異質性。研究人員在子宮內膜轉化的四個主要階段分析了七種子宮內膜細胞類型（包括以前未鑑定的纖毛細胞類型）的行為，並發現了每種細胞類型和階段性特徵。
研究人員發現人類的著床窗口打開與上皮細胞突然且不連續的轉錄組激活相關，並伴隨在基質成纖維細胞中廣泛的蛻膜化特徵。
這項研究提供了月經周期中人類子宮內膜轉化的高解析度分子和細胞表徵，並為這一基本的生理過程提供了新見解。
據介紹，在人類的月經周期中，子宮內膜會發生重塑、脫落和再生，所有這些都由下層細胞中大量的基因表達變化驅動。儘管它在人類生育力和再生生物學中具有重要意義，但人們對這種獨特類型的組織穩態的理解仍然是淺顯的。
附：英文原文
Title: Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle
Author: Wanxin Wang, Felipe Vilella, Pilar Alama, Inmaculada Moreno, Marco Mignardi, Alina Isakova, Wenying Pan, Carlos Simon, Stephen R. Quake
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-14
Abstract: In a human menstrual cycle the endometrium undergoes remodeling, shedding and regeneration, all of which are driven by substantial gene expression changes in the underlying cellular hierarchy. Despite its importance in human fertility and regenerative biology, our understanding of this unique type of tissue homeostasis remains rudimentary. We characterized the transcriptomic transformation of human endometrium at single-cell resolution across the menstrual cycle, resolving cellular heterogeneity in multiple dimensions. We profiled the behavior of seven endometrial cell types, including a previously uncharacterized ciliated cell type, during four major phases of endometrial transformation, and found characteristic signatures for each cell type and phase. We discovered that the human window of implantation opens with an abrupt and discontinuous transcriptomic activation in the epithelia, accompanied with a widespread decidualization feature in the stromal fibroblasts. Our study provides a high-resolution molecular and cellular characterization of human endometrial transformation across the menstrual cycle, providing insights into this essential physiological process. Single-cell transcriptomics analysis of endometrium samples from healthy women collected across the menstrual cycle provides insights into the cellular and molecular changes surrounding and during the implantation window in the absence of pregnancy.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1040-z
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1040-z