This is Everyday Grammar. I'm Lucija.
這裡是《每日語法》。我是盧西亞。
And I'm Kaveh. Lucija, do you remember our last episode on WISHES about the future?
我是卡韋赫。盧西亞,你還記得我們上節講得關於將來的願望嗎?
Yeah, what about it?
Well, this episode is about WISHES in the present and the past.
記得,怎麼了?
哦,我們這期講現在和過去的願望。
Oh, I wish that I had prepared more.
The verb WISH has many uses,
but the main use is when the speaker wants reality to be different.
哦,我希望我準備得更多。
動詞 WISH 有許多用法,但主要用法是說話者想讓現實有所不同。
When you are talking about regrets about the past,
you can use WISH with the past perfect. Wish+(That)+Past perfect.
當你談論對過去的遺憾時,可以用 WISH+過去完成時。
即Wish+(That)+過去完成時。
You can leave out the word THAT if you want to.
I wish (that) I had studied harder at school.
(I didn't study hard at school. Now I am sorry about that. )
如果你想,可以省略 THAT。
我希望我在學校時學習更努力。(我在學校學習時不努力,現在我很後悔。)
I wish (that) Sam had come with me on the trip.
(I went on the trip. Now I regret that Sam didn't come with me. )
I wish you hadn't told me how the film ends.
(You told me how the film ends. I would be happier if you hadn't. )
我希望薩姆與我一起去旅行了。(我去旅行了,現在我遺憾薩姆沒有和我一起去。)
我希望你沒有告訴我電影結局。(你告訴我電影的結局了,如果你沒有,我會更高興。)
To use WISH about the present, you can use the simple past.
I wish I knew a second language.
要表示現在的願望,你可以用一般過去時。
我希望自己知道第二種語言。
I wish I lived in Paris.
I wish it wasn't so cold.
我希望我住在巴黎。
我希望天不這麼冷。
But before we go, it's important to remember one thing.
From all the many uses of wish, in formal speaking and writing,
you use the subjunctive form WERE. . . not WAS after WISH.
但在我們走之前,記住有件事很重要。
從Wish的各種使用方法中,在正式的口語和寫作中,你要在 Wish 後用虛擬語氣形式 WERE,而不是 WAS。
So you wouldn't say, I wish I was taller.But I wish I were taller.
And that's Everyday Grammar.
所以你不應該說「I wish I was taller」,而是「I wish I were taller」。
以上就是今天的全部內容。