今天的外刊精讀,就讓我們來一起探尋湖南廣播電視臺的節目受歡迎的原因吧~
Heady Hunan:How Mao Zedong’s home province has become a font of popular culture
首先我們來看一下標題中出現的兩個重要單詞:
1. heady
通過下面這一句話我們來猜一下這個單詞的意思,「You might have a heady feeling as you walk up on stage to get your diploma.」 拿到夢寐以求的畢業證,你會怎麼樣?當然是興奮啦~
我們來看看這個單詞的中英釋義:adj. having a powerful effect, making you feel slightly drunk or excited; making you feel excited and confident 令人上頭的; 強烈作用於感官的; 使興奮的;使有信心的
e.g.:a heady mixture of desire and fear 既期待又害怕的複雜心情
2. font
① [C] In a church, a font is a bowl which holds the water used for baptisms. 洗禮盆, 聖水盂 (教堂中洗禮用)
e.g.: Font is used to hold water for baptism. 洗禮盤用來裝洗禮用的聖水
② [C] In printing, a font is a set of characters of the same style and size. 字體
e.g.: The book's small font was difficult to read. 這本書因字體小而難以閱讀。
③ [C] A source of a desirable quality or commodity; a fount. 源泉
e.g.: She was a font of wisdom and good sense.她是智慧與仁愛的源泉。
標題中的「a font of China’s popular culture」 可以翻譯為「中國流行文化的源泉」。font本義有兩個「字體和教堂中的聖水池」,在這裡「源泉」的意思屬於引申義。
接下來就要開始正文部分啦~
Among this summer’s television hits in China has been 「Sisters Who Make Waves」. The show involves 30 female celebrities over the age of 30 competing for a spot in a five-member band. Viewers watch them train, perform and live together. Five hundred women, picked at random, get to vote for their favorite. Within three days of its airing in June, over 300m had watched the first episode on Mango TV, a streaming app owned by the state television network of Hunan, a central province. Social-media sites brim with praise from young feminists for these somewhat older role models: at last, a break from the devoted mothers and dewy-faced ingénues beloved of official broadcasters.
【內容精讀】
1. hit:
[C] something such as a film, play, song etc that is very popular and successful風行一時的事物〔如電影、戲劇、歌曲等〕
e.g.: the Beatles' greatest hits 披頭四樂隊最受歡迎的歌曲
television hit 熱門電視節目
上期外刊中提到,hit 是外刊中很喜歡使用的地道小詞,它用法靈活,泛指 have a bad effect on sb / sth,翻譯時,可根據不同語境靈活處理。詳情見:《經濟學人》: WeChat in America: The big unfriending
2. make waves
make waves有「(故意)興風作浪,挑起事端;咋咋呼呼;大肆張揚」的含義,英文解釋為「to be very active so that other people notice you, often in a way that intentionally causes trouble」
e.g.: It's probably not a good idea to start making waves in your first day in a new job. 在你工作第一天就挑起事端這可能不適宜。
3. air
v. to broadcast a programme on television or radio播放,廣播。e.g.:The program is due to air next month. 這個節目定於下月播出。
on / off (the) air broadcasting or not broadcasting on television or radio 正在 / 停止播送(電視、廣播)。
e.g.: The programme was taken off the air over the summer. 這個節目在夏季裡停播。
up in the air not yet decided 懸而未決
e.g.: Our travel plans are still up in the air. 我們的旅行計劃尚未決定。
4. a streaming app 流媒體播放軟體
stream含義很廣。作為名詞時,可以指「小溪、一連串、車流」 等。
e.g.:a mountain stream 山澗
...a never-ending stream of jokes... 一個接一個的笑話
We had a constant stream of visitors. 我們這裡的遊客絡繹不絕。
作為動詞時,表示「流動、蜂擁、照射」。
e.g.: She came in, rain streaming from her clothes and hair. 她進來時,雨水順著她的衣服和頭髮往下流。
Refugees have been streaming into Travnik for months...幾個月來不斷有難民湧入特拉夫尼克。
Sunlight was streaming into the courtyard.陽光照到院子裡。
5. brim with praise
如果想要表達對某件事讚譽不斷,該怎麼說呢?
這裡經濟學人用了一個非常巧妙的表達brim with praise。brim做動詞時,意思為「盛滿,溢滿」,比如 Tears brimmed in eyes. 熱淚盈眶。
brim with praise給人一種感官上的衝擊,好評都溢出來了。
6. ingénues
n. An ingénues is a young, innocent girl in a play or film, or an actress who plays the part of young, innocent girls. 舞臺上天真少女的角色;扮演天真姑娘的女演員
【句子分析】
這是一個以介詞短語在句首的倒裝句(全部倒裝中的一種),不知道大家有木有看出來呢,正常語序為:
「Sisters Who Make Waves」 has been among this summer's television hits in China.
這一句可以翻譯為:「乘風破浪的姐姐」是今年夏天中國最熱門的電視節目之一。
首先一定要找出這一句中的謂語動詞是「brim with」。「beloved of 」 省略了which/ that are的定於從句,在這個句子中作定語,修飾 「the devoted mothers and dewy-faced ingénues」, 意思是官方電視臺所鍾愛的慈母和天真的少女形象。
【知識拓展】
給大家介紹幾種常見的倒裝句:
1.全部倒裝:
① 介詞短語在句首的倒裝句:In the middle of every difficulty lies an opportunity. 每個困境裡都蘊含著機會。
② -ed分詞、動詞-ing形式、不定式、形容詞(短語)、副詞以及名詞短語在句首的倒裝句:
There goes the phone. 電話鈴響了。(副詞在句首的倒裝句)
2.常見的部分倒裝:
① Not only does John like English but he also speaks it very well.約翰不僅喜歡英語,而且英語也說得很好。
② No sooner had I taken a bath than the doorbell rang. 我剛要洗澡(這時)門鈴就響了。
③ Hardly had he got into the room when the telephone rang.他剛進房間(這時)電話鈴就響了。
【參考譯文】
「乘風破浪的姐姐」是今年夏天中國最熱門的電視節目之一。該節目由 30 位30歲以上的女藝人參加, 爭奪一個五人成團的位置。觀眾們可以觀看她們在節目中的訓練、表演及生活。節目隨機選擇500名女性大眾評審,投票選出自己喜歡的女藝人。該節目在6月播出後的三天時間內,超過3億觀眾在「芒果TV」(Mango TV)觀看了第一期節目。「芒果TV」(Mango TV)是中部省份湖南省國家電視網旗下的一款流媒體播放軟體。在社交媒體網站上年輕的女性們對這些年齡稍長的榜樣滿溢讚揚:她們終於打破了官方電視臺所鍾愛的慈母和天真的少女形象。
姐姐們乘風破浪,湖南臺也跟上步伐:
Making waves is what Hunan Broadcasting System (HBS) does best. It is the most-watched television network after China Central Television (CCTV), the state broadcaster—and occasionally surpasses its ratings. That is striking for an outfit run by the government of a province that is better known as China’s largest producer of rice and the birthplace of Mao—「red tourism」 centred on Mao’s formative haunts draws devotees of the chairman from around the country.
【內容精讀】
1.striking
adj. interesting and unusual enough to attract attention 引人注目的; 異乎尋常的; 顯著的
e.g.:She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister. 她酷似她姐姐。
小詞strike也是含義豐富:v&n 毆打;罷工;敲,敲擊;撞擊,衝擊
e.g.: The speedboat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water. 快艇撞上了一個浮標,但它仍在水面上快速行駛
strike a note表示某種感情或觀點
e.g.: The article struck a happy note.這篇文章表達了開心的情感。
2. outfit
我們比較熟悉的意思是「服裝、裝備」。
但這裡outfit表達的是另一意思:
n. [C] You can refer to an organization as an outfit. 機構; 組織
e.g.:He works for a private security outfit...他在一家私人保安公司工作。
3. formative
adj. having an important and lasting influence on the development of sth or of sb’s character (對某事物或性格的發展) 有持續重大影響的
e.g.: He exposed his children to music throughout their formative years. 他在孩子個性形成時期讓他們接受音樂的薰陶。
4. haunt [C] a place that someone likes to go to often〔某人〕常去的地方:
e.g.: The Cafe Vienna was a favourite haunt of journalists and actors.維也納咖啡館是記者和演員最愛光顧的地方。
【知識拓展】
"red tourism"紅色旅遊,主要是以黨領導人民在革命和戰爭時期建樹豐功偉績所形成的紀念地、標誌物為載體, 以其所承載的革命歷史、革命事跡和革命精神為內涵,組織接待旅遊者開展緬懷學習、義會議遺址參觀遊覽的主題性旅遊活動。井岡山、遵義、延安、西柏坡等地就是中國出名的「紅色旅遊地。
左圖:井岡山遺址;右圖:遵義會議遺址
【句子分析】
這句話主句是開頭」That is striking for an outfit 」。後面的run by...為過去分詞,作定語 修飾 「an outfit」 。that 引導的定語從句,修飾 「a province」 。
分號後面的句子做a province的同位語,補充說明湖南省;句子主幹:「red tourism」 draws devotees;centred 過去分詞作定語,修飾「red tourism」。
【參考譯文】
湖南廣播電視臺(HBS)最擅長的就是「興風作浪」。它是繼中央電視臺(CCTV)的收視率最高的電視臺,有時收視率甚至超過央視。對於一個由省政府管理的機構來說,這是一個引人注目的現象。更為人所知的是,湖南省是中國最大的大米產地,也是一代偉人毛主席的出生地,以毛主席出生地為中心的「紅色旅遊」吸引了來自全國各地毛主席的崇拜者。
But Changsha, the provincial capital, has become a font of China’s popular culture. It is home to over 12,000 companies involved in creating it. They employ one in eight of the city’s workers. By one official calculation, no other sector contributes more to Changsha’s wealth. In 2017 (the most recent year for which figures are available) creative and cultural industries generated 9% of the city’s GDP — a proportion twice as high as their contribution to national output. At their heart in Hunan is a broadcaster with a knack for cranking out programmes that are watched throughout China. In 2018 HBS’s affiliates produced six of China’s best-liked costume dramas and eight of its most popular songs.
【內容精讀】
1. provincial capital 省會城市
2. home [sing.] the place where sth was first discovered, made or invented 發源地; 發祥地
be home to 是一個非常重要的表達,意思是某地是某事物的發源地,也可以用來表達某地擁有/盛產某事物:
e.g.: The Middle East is home to petroleum. 中東地區盛產石油。
The city is home to many historical and cultural sites. 該城市擁有豐富的歷史文化遺蹟。
3.one in eight 八分之一
表示人的比例,幾分之一:one in +數字
e.g.: one in a hundred 百分之一
one person in ten/one person out of ten 十分之一的人
One person in ten is against the plan. 十分之一的人反對計劃
Out of/ Of+數字+名詞
Out of/ Of the 100 employers, seventy are postgraduates. 在一百個員工中,70個是研究生。
4.creative and cultural industries 文創產業
5. knack [C] a special skill or ability that you have naturally or can learn (天生的或學會)技能,訣竅
e.g.:Some people seem to have a knack for making money.有些人好像天生有賺錢的本事。
a tendency to do something 做某事的習慣,癖
e.g.: The band have a knack of warping classic soul songs.樂隊有歪曲經典爵士靈歌的習慣做法。
6.crank
① n. [C] disapproval, informal If you call someone a crank, you think their ideas or behaviour are strange. 想法 (或行為) 古怪的人
e.g.:He looked like a crank.他看上去像個怪人。
[C] A crank is a device that you turn in order to make something move. 曲柄; 曲軸
② vt. If you crank an engine or machine, you make it move or function, especially by turning a handle. (尤指用手搖曲柄) 轉動 (或啟動)
e.g.: The chauffeur got out to crank the motor. 司機下車用曲柄去發動汽車。
crank out 大量地快速製造; 粗製濫造
e.g.: In 1933 the studio cranked out fifty-five feature films...1993年,該電影公司粗製濫造出了55部故事片。
7. affiliate [C] a company, organization etc that is connected with or controlled by a larger one支會; 分社; 子公司; 附屬機構
e.g.: Volvo's Japanese affiliate, Mitsubishi 沃爾沃在日本的聯營公司三菱
[v] be affiliated to/with 使(下屬集團,個人)隸屬,加入
e.g.: almost all students affiliate to the Students' Union.幾乎所有學生都加入了學生會。
【句子分析】
這也是一個以介詞短語在句首的倒裝句,這樣類似的倒裝句在第一段也給大家分析過啦。
在翻譯之前我們先把句子還原一下:A broadcaster with a knack for cranking out programmes that are watched throughout China is at their heart in Hunan. 此句中with結構修飾名詞broadcaster,後面跟了一個that引導的定語從句修飾programmes。
這一句可以翻譯為:在湖南,他們的核心是一家廣播公司,該公司擅長快速製作出能在全國範圍內收看的節目。
【參考譯文】
但是省會長沙已經成為中國流行文化的源泉。這裡有超過12000家公司,他們僱傭了這個城市八分之一的工人。據官方統計,沒有哪個產業比文創產業對長沙的財富貢獻更大。2017年根據一項可獲得的最新數據顯示,文創產業佔該市GDP的9%,這一比例是其對國民生產總值貢獻的兩倍。在湖南,他們的核心是一家廣播公司,該公司擅長快速製作出能在全國範圍內收看的節目。2018年,湖南廣播電視臺(HBS)的分支機構製作了在中國最受歡迎的六部古裝劇和八首歌曲。
圖片來源:網絡
內容來源:《經濟學人》
編輯:成都策馬翻譯
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