2015年2月14日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,來自美國耶魯大學的研究人員在著名國際期刊Cell發表了一項最新研究成果,他們發現脂肪組織來源的乙醯輔酶A能夠調控胰島素介導的肝臟葡萄糖合成抑制,並且發現在高脂誘導的大鼠模型中,這一抑制現象會受到IL-6的影響。
胰島素介導的對肝糖合成的抑制受到損傷對II型糖尿病發生發揮重要作用,但具體分子機制仍不清楚。利用一種新的體內代謝組學方法,研究人員發現了胰島素抑制HGP過程的主要機制。他們發現胰島素能夠抑制白色脂肪組織的脂解過程降低肝臟乙醯輔酶A水平,進而導致丙酮酸羧化酶(PC)催化的反應過程下降。研究人員利用抑制胰島素信號的基因工程小鼠和大鼠,以及缺少了脂肪甘油三酯脂酶的小鼠在體內證明了這一機制。
胰島素介導的對肝臟乙醯輔酶A,PC活性和脂解過程的抑制在高脂餵養的大鼠中消失,並且中和IL-6能夠逆轉這一現象,而增加IL-6會誘導這一現象。這些結果表明WAT來源的肝臟乙醯輔酶A能夠作為胰島素介導的抑制肝糖合成的主要調控因子發揮作用,並且將炎症誘導的肝臟胰島素抵抗與肥胖和II型糖尿病聯繫起來。
綜上所述,該文章利用體內代謝組學的方法發現了WAT來源的乙醯輔酶A影響肝臟葡萄糖合成的新機制,並且闡述了炎症與胰島素抵抗和II型糖尿病的新聯繫。這項研究為開發治療糖尿病的藥物提供了一個新的可能性。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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Hepatic Acetyl CoA Links Adipose Tissue Inflammation to Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
Rachel J. Perry1, 2, 3, Joao-Paulo G. Camporez2, Romy Kursawe2, Paul M. Titchenell4, Dongyan Zhang1,Curtis J. Perry5, Michael J. Jurczak2, Abulizi Abudukadier2, Myoung Sook Han6, Xian-Man Zhang1, Hai-Bin Ruan7, Xiaoyong Yang3, 7, Sonia Caprio8, Susan M. Kaech5, Hei Sook Sul9, Morris J. Birnbaum4,Roger J. Davis1, 6, Gary W. Cline2, Kitt Falk Petersen2, Gerald I. Shulman
Impaired insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose production (HGP) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the molecular mechanism by which this occurs remains unknown. Using a novel in vivo metabolomics approach, we show that the major mechanism by which insulin suppresses HGP is through reductions in hepatic acetyl CoA by suppression of lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT) leading to reductions in pyruvate carboxylase flux. This mechanism was confirmed in mice and rats with genetic ablation of insulin signaling and mice lacking adipose triglyceride lipase. Insulin's ability to suppress hepatic acetyl CoA, PC activity, and lipolysis was lost in high-fat-fed rats, a phenomenon reversible by IL-6 neutralization and inducible by IL-6 infusion. Taken together, these data identify WAT-derived hepatic acetyl CoA as the main regulator of HGP by insulin and link it to inflammation-induced hepatic insulin resistance associated with obesity and T2D.