2014年11月9日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --非處方藥櫃檯買賣的薑黃素補充劑對健康的益處一直無法讓我們決定購買,但新的研究表明,改良的薑黃素能釋放到全身,並有良好的抗炎功效。
薑黃素是香料薑黃中發現的天然化合物。阿育吠陀(Ayurvedic)醫學使用薑黃素治療疾病(如過敏、糖尿病和潰瘍)已經有幾個世紀的歷史。科學證據表明,薑黃素通過降低炎症而促進了健康,但是食品或添加劑中的薑黃素停留在胃腸道中無法很好的被人體吸收,而被吸收的薑黃素部分會被迅速代謝。
許多研究小組正在研究薑黃素對結腸癌、骨關節炎的作用。俄亥俄州立大學的科學家正在研究薑黃素是否會對整個身體都有影響,使其既可有效治療疾病,也可作為日常補充劑用以對抗疾病。
還有一個原因,在東方醫學中,薑黃素也已被使用了幾百年,而這項新的研究表明,我們已經確定了薑黃素一個更好的,更有效的給藥方式,並清楚了我們可以利用其抗炎能力治療哪些疾病。
該研究成果發表在PLoS One期刊上。薑黃素粉末與蓖麻油和聚乙二醇混合,此過程稱為納米乳劑過程,這個過程使薑黃素溶解和更容易通過腸道吸收進入血流和組織。
餵養小鼠此薑黃素類藥物,通過阻斷觸發免疫應答關鍵蛋白質的激活關閉急性炎症反應。研究人員還首次表明,薑黃素停止招募特定免疫細胞(巨噬細胞),此特定免疫細胞過度活躍與心臟疾病和肥胖相關。
研究人員現在想知道,是否這種形式的薑黃素(納米乳化薑黃素)可以逆轉與疾病和年齡有關的慢性炎症。因此他們已經開始用動物實驗測試納米乳化薑黃素防止或控制狼瘡模型炎症的能力。
研究者設想,這個薑黃素保健品有一天既可作為日常補充劑,以幫助防止某些疾病,同時也可作為治療藥物,以協助治療不良炎症。
對於薑黃素給藥方式系統,這些研究人員以前表明,在血液中乳化薑黃素的濃度比薑黃素粉末懸浮在水中後的濃度高10倍以上。研究者利用小鼠和細胞培養實驗,製造人造炎症,比較納米乳化薑黃素和薑黃素粉末懸浮水中後的治療效果。
研究人員給小鼠注射脂多糖,脂多糖是細菌細胞壁提取物,能刺激動物的免疫反應。薑黃素可以針對許多分子,但研究團隊瞄準了NF-κB,其是已知的在免疫應答中發揮重要作用的蛋白質。給予納米乳化薑黃素的小鼠NF-κB表達降低。
研究人員觀察了薑黃素對炎症作用的進一步分子機制。他們發現,納米乳化薑黃素停止免疫細胞——巨噬細胞的募集。巨噬細胞的主要功能是「吃」侵入的病原體,同時也通過分泌促炎性化學物質有助於炎症。這種薑黃素特異性作用於巨噬細胞的現象以前未曾描述,由於這一發現,納米乳化薑黃素有抗巨噬細胞相關炎症的潛能。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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Oral Administration of Nano-Emulsion Curcumin in Mice Suppresses Inflammatory-Induced NFκB Signaling and Macrophage Migration
Nicholas A. Young,et al.
Despite the widespread use of curcumin for centuries in Eastern medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent, its molecular actions and therapeutic viability have only recently been explored. While curcumin does have potential therapeutic efficacy, both solubility and bioavailability must be improved before it can be more successfully translated to clinical care. We have previously reported a novel formulation of nano-emulsion curcumin (NEC) that achieves significantly greater plasma concentrations in mice after oral administration. Here, we confirm the immunosuppressive effects of NEC in vivo and further examine its molecular mechanisms to better understand therapeutic potential. Using transgenic mice harboring an NFκB-luciferase reporter gene, we demonstrate a novel application of this in vivo inflammatory model to test the efficacy of NEC administration by bioluminescent imaging and show that LPS-induced NFκB activity was suppressed with NEC compared to an equivalent amount of curcumin in aqueous suspension. Administration of NEC by oral gavage resulted in a reduction of blood monocytes, decreased levels of both TLR4 and RAGE expression, and inhibited secretion of MCP-1. Mechanistically, curcumin blocked LPS-induced phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NFκB and IκBα in murine macrophages. In a mouse model of peritonitis, NEC significantly reduced macrophage recruitment, but not T-cell or B-cell levels. In addition, curcumin treatment of monocyte derived cell lines and primary human macrophages in vitro significantly inhibited cell migration. These data demonstrate that curcumin can suppress inflammation by inhibiting macrophage migration via NFκB and MCP-1 inhibition and establish that NEC is an effective therapeutic formulation to increase the bioavailability of curcumin in order to facilitate this response.