王家臣等:傾斜煤層頂煤放出體理論方程及異形等體特徵

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原文連結：https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40789-019-00286-z

創新點

對比了不同工作面傾角條件下頂煤放出體形態，發現了工作面布置方向頂煤放出體具有異形等體特徵。考慮到綜放支架及工作面傾角的影響，建立了綜放開採初始放煤和正常放煤階段放出體理論計算模型，推導了傾斜煤層條件下頂煤放出體邊界方程，定義了放出體體積對稱性係數，驗證了其異形等體特徵。

摘要

綜放開採工作面頂煤放出體形態特徵對放煤參數優化至關重要。採用室內模擬實驗及理論分析相結合的方法研究了傾斜煤層沿工作面方向頂煤放出體形態特徵和頂煤放出體理論方程。通過反演標誌點位置，對比分析了不同工作面傾角下頂煤放出體形態，發現了頂煤放出體呈「異形等體」特徵，即放出體在放煤口中心垂線兩側形態差異明顯，但體積基本相等。建立了傾斜煤層初始放煤階段和正常放煤階段頂煤放出體計算模型，推導出了傾斜煤層頂煤放出體邊界理論方程，該方程可以準確地描述頂煤放出體的形態特徵。分析了頂煤放出體形態變化特徵和體積對稱性，發現在頂煤放出體右側邊界上存在一拐點，使得頂煤放出體被分成兩部分，拐點下部為變異發育區域，且隨著工作面傾角的增大，變異發育體積逐漸增大，導致頂煤放出體形態不對稱性增大；但隨著工作面傾角的變化，放出體在放煤口中心垂線兩側體積基本相等，這是由於放出體的變異發育體積和被切割體積基本相等，理論計算和數值模擬均驗證了傾斜煤層頂煤放出體的異形等體特徵。

Abstract: Understanding the characteristics of drawing body shape is essential for optimization of drawing parameters in longwall top coal caving mining. In this study, both physical experiments and theoretical analysis are employed to investigate these characteristics and derive a theoretical equation for the drawing body shape along the working face in an inclined seam. By analyzing the initial positions of drawn marked particles, the characteristics of the drawing body shape for different seam dip angles are obtained. It is shown that the drawing body of the top coal exhibits a shape-difference and volume-symmetry characteristic, on taking a vertical line through the center of support opening as the axis of symmetry, the shapes of the drawing body on the two sides of this axis are clearly different, but their volumes are equal. By establishing theoretical models of the drawing body in the initial drawing stage and the normal drawing stage, a theoretical equation for the drawing body in an inclined seam is proposed, which can accurately describe the characteristics of the drawing body shape. The shape characteristics and volume symmetry of the drawing body are further analyzed by comparing the results of theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. It is shown that one side of the drawing body is divided into two parts by an inflection point, with the lower part being a variation development area. This variation development area increases gradually with increasing seam dip angle, resulting in an asymmetry of the drawing body shape. However, the volume symmetry coefficient fluctuates around 1 for all values of the seam dip angle variation, and the volumes of the drawing body on the two sides are more or less equal as the variation development volume is more or less equal to the cut volume. Both theoretical calculations and numerical simulations confirm that the drawing body of the top coal exhibits the shape-difference and volume-symmetry characteristic.

文中部分插圖

Fig.3 a Variation of mass of drawn top coal with support number; b variation of total mass of drawn top coal with seam dip angle

Fig.4 Inversion of the drawing body shape in the initial drawing stage: a α=0°; b α=10°; cα=20°; d α=30°; e α=40°; f α=50°

Fig. 5 Numbers of drawn marked particles on a the left side and b the right side in the initial drawing stage

Fig. 6 Theoretical model of the drawing body in the initial drawing stage in an inclined seam

Fig. 9 Variation of drawing body shape in an inclined seam

Fig. 11 Theoretical model of drawing body in the normal drawing stage in an inclined seam

Fig. 14 Comparison of theoretical (red full curve) and numerically simulated (blue dashed curve) drawing body shapes in the normal drawing stage: a α=0°; b α=20°; c α=50°

Fig. 15 Variations of a θA and b ρmax in the initial and normal drawing stages

Fig. 16 Volume calculation for the drawing body in an inclined seam

Fig. 17 Variations of drawing body volume and volume symmetry coefficient with seam dip angle

Fig. 18 Volume symmetry coefficients obtained from theoretical calculation, numerical simulation, and physical experiments: a initial drawing stage; b normal drawing stage

引用格式：Wang Jiachen, Wei Weijie, Zhang Jinwang. Theoretical description of drawing body shape in an inclined seam with longwall top coal caving mining. International Journal of Coal Science & Technology, 2020, 7(1): 182–195.

作者簡介

王家臣，中國礦業大學（北京）教授、博士生導師、副校長，主要從事採礦工程、礦山壓力與巖層控制的研究工作。兼任國務院學位委員會礦業工程學科評議組成員、全國科學技術名詞審定委員會委員、教育部高等學校礦業類教學指導委員會副主任委員、世界煤炭研究聯盟主席。獲孫越崎能源大獎、美國Syd S.Peng 採礦巖層控制獎，入選國家百千萬人才工程、有突出貢獻中青年專家，享受國務院政府特殊津貼。

來源：JCST國際煤炭科學技術學報

徵稿郵箱：[e-mail]

信息提供：陶賽編輯整理：劉暘

審核：畢永華

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