(本文選自《經濟學人》20201212期)
背景介紹:
隨著新冠肺炎疫情大流行,前往泰國的外國遊客大量減少,泰國南部蘭塔島海灘迎來了成群結隊的寄居蟹。而隨著寄居蟹數量的激增,它們賴以生存的貝殼則開始供不應求了。於是泰國當局呼籲民眾籌集了超過200公斤的貝殼,從而解決了寄居蟹的住房短缺問題。
The Thai authorities find shelter for homeless crustaceansIt’s part of a plan to strike a better balance between nature and tourism
Amid a slump in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in visitors. So numerous are the hermit crabs thronging the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become a scarce commodity.
在全球旅遊業迎來寒冬之際,泰國一個國家公園的「遊客」卻是絡繹不絕。大量的寄居蟹湧向了原本空蕩蕩的蘭塔島海灘,這使得它們賴以生存的貝殼成了稀缺商品。The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200kg. On December 5th these were distributed around the park in a ceremony marking the birthday of the late king, Bhumibol Adulyadej.
為了緩解寄居蟹的住房短缺問題,泰國政府迅速採取行動,呼籲民眾籌集了超過200公斤的貝殼。12月5日,在已故國王蒲美蓬·阿杜德誕辰的祭祀典禮上,人們將這些貝殼散布在公園周圍。Hermit crabs rely on discarded shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding, smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists.
寄居蟹依靠廢棄的貝殼來保護自己柔軟的身體,而隨著蟹體逐漸長大,它們會搬家至更大的貝殼中。在蘭塔島及其周邊的小島上,寄居蟹數量的迅速增加似乎是一種自然現象,而與遊客數量的減少並無直接關聯。But the shortage of shells may be man-made: pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as souvenirs. Crabs had begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.
但貝殼的短缺或許是人為造成的:漂亮的貝殼早就被人們撿走並作為紀念品售賣了。許多寄居蟹一不小心就鑽進了潛在的致命陷阱中(例如塑料瓶蓋和塑料瓶)。The shell drive was part of a government initiative to 「restore the balance of nature」. 「I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes,」 says Varawut Silpa-archa, the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the hiatus in tourism brought on by covid-19.
此次貝殼行動正是泰國政府「恢復大自然平衡」計劃的一部分。泰國自然資源部長瓦拉沃·西爾帕-阿爾查說:「我已向所有國家公園下達指示,要盡一切努力實施這一計劃。」新冠肺炎疫情導致了旅遊業的中斷,這給他帶來了啟發。A ban on international visitors (now lifted, subject to quarantine) and the closure of national parks have helped nature rebound, bringing black-tipped reef sharks back into Thai waters and endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.
外國遊客禁令(現已解除,不過仍要接受檢疫)以及國家公園的關閉使自然環境得以恢復,使黑鰭礁鯊重新回到了泰國水域,使瀕臨滅絕的稜皮龜重新回到了泰國海灘。在攀雅省和普吉省的沿海地區,海龜產卵數量達20年之最。The government has decided to try to mimic the respite forced on it by the coronavirus in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for part of the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open.
政府決定日後也將像疫情時期這樣給大自然喘息的機會。從現在開始,所有國家公園都將在淡季關閉,並在開放時通過預約系統限制遊客數量。The temporary closure last year of Maya Bay, made famous as the eponymous strand in the film 「The Beach」 and subsequently overrun by tourists, set a precedent. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the short term, in the longer run more pristine parks may help to keep the tourists coming—and shelling out.
去年,瑪雅灣海灘(因電影《海灘》中的同名海灘而聞名於世,隨後被遊客所淹沒)的臨時關閉開創了一個先例。儘管此類限制在短期內意味著旅遊業收入的減少,但從長遠來看,更為原生態的公園可能才會吸引更多遊客前來並消費。(紅色標註詞為重難點詞彙)
本文翻譯:Vinnie
校核:Vinnie
編輯:Vinnie
泰國是一個高度依賴於旅遊業的國家,去年就有超過4000萬人次的國際遊客前往泰國旅遊。而隨著新冠肺炎疫情的爆發,該國今年的國際遊客少得可憐。但遊客數量的驟減也泰國各個景點的自然環境得到了恢復,也讓人們意識到了保護自然生態環境的重要性。
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