元代瓷器的纏枝紋,仰俯側背,極盡變化,部分瓷器上的牡丹紋可能參考了刺繡花樣,或為描造刺繡花樣的匠人所設計。元代牡丹紋、蓮花紋多採用折枝或纏枝的構圖方式。纏枝花裝飾具有典型的S型特點,和折枝花裝飾一樣強調對稱性,主要汲取了伊斯蘭文化藝術特徵。
The peony pattern on some porcelains may refer to embroidery patterns or be designed by the craftsmen who painted the embroidery patterns. The peony pattern and lotus pattern in the Yuan Dynasty mostly used folded branches or twisted branches for composition. Entangling flower decoration has a typical S-shaped characteristic, which emphasizes symmetry like folding flower decoration, and mainly draws on the characteristics of Islamic culture and art.
元青花纏枝紋梅瓶。元青花瓷氣度恢宏,一改宋瓷的精巧秀雅,但元青花出現在陶瓷史上短短100年左右後,一度在中國絕跡。明清600年間,無人知曉世有元青花的存在。
Yuan blue and white entangled branch pattern plum bottle. The blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty has a magnificent air, which has changed the delicate and elegant of the Song Dynasty porcelain. However, after the blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty appeared in the history of porcelain for only about 100 years, it once disappeared in China. During the 600 years of Ming and Qing Dynasties, no one knew the existence of Yuan blue and white.
元青花瓷在中國歷史上的消失應該跟明太祖朱元璋的政治主張有關係。「驅除胡虜,恢復中華」,明太祖在立國之初應該曾掀起過一場肅清蒙元文化的運動 ,作為蒙元文化載體的元青花就在劫難逃。現代存世的元青花,除了元代以貿易方式流傳海外的,國內館藏的元青花多是1969年後陸續出土所得,其中窖藏所出最重要的有元大都遺址窖藏,江西高安窖藏,河北保定窖藏以及內蒙古地區。
The disappearance of Yuan blue and white porcelain in Chinese history should have something to do with the political opinions of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang. "Drive out Hu Lu, restore China", Ming Taizu at the beginning of the country should have set off a purge of the Yuan culture movement, as the carrier of the Yuan culture Yuan blue and white is doomed. In addition to those in the Yuan Dynasty, which were traded overseas, most of the Yuan blue and white paintings in the domestic collection were excavated after 1969. Among them, the most important ones are the Yuan Dadu ruins, Gao 'an in Jiangxi Province, Baoding in Hebei Province and Inner Mongolia.
元青花瓷的青花紋飾有多層次,滿畫面,主次分明的裝飾特點 ,纏枝紋;腹部主體纏枝花紋;腹下至足部卷草紋和仰蓮垂珠紋裝飾,層次非常分明,採用寫實繪法,繪製了花紋仰面,覆面,側面等不同角度的姿態 ,栩栩如生,牡丹紋有富貴吉祥的美好寓意。
Yuan blue and white porcelain blue and white decorative pattern has multi-level, full picture, primary and secondary distinct decorative characteristics, tangling branches; Abdomen main twining pattern; Under the abdomen to the foot of the grass and lotus hanging bead decoration, the level is very clear, the use of realistic painting method, drawing patterns on the back, cover, side and other different angles of the posture, lifelike, peony grain has a good meaning of wealth and good luck.
此件梅瓶是存世元青花瓷中的精美之作,用進口蘇麻尼青料繪製青花,呈色穩定,紋飾永不褪脫,青花發色青翠濃豔,有進口青料特有的暈散現象及鐵鏽斑特徵,且青料深入胎骨,幽靚典雅。青花光潤透亮,白釉明淨素雅,青白釉色互相襯託,深淺層次,頗有中國水墨畫的韻味,暈染非常漂亮。
This piece of plum bottle is a fine work of blue and white porcelain in the world yuan, painted with imported sumani green material, the color is stable, the decoration will never fade, the blue and white hair color is green and colorful, with the unique halo phenomenon of imported green material and the characteristics of iron rust spot, and the green material is deep into the birthbone, beautiful and elegant. The blue and white glaze is bright and bright, the white glaze is clear and simple and elegant, and the blue and white glaze sets off each other. The depth and depth of the glaze are quite the charm of Chinese ink painting, and the halo is very beautiful.
元青花的瓷胎原料以景德鎮附件麻蒼山所產的高嶺土為原料,胎重而厚,呈灰白色,提煉不純,含有雜質較多,多見砂胎底,因瓷胎含鐵量高,露胎處多現火石紅色。大型器物多有接胎痕跡,表面可見,釉面不平,手摸有凹凸感。
The raw material of the porcelain mould of Yuan Blue and White is kaolin produced in Machang Mountain near Jingdezhen. The mould is heavy, thick and grayish white, which is not pure and contains many impurities. The sand mould bottom is often seen because of the high iron content of the porcelain mould, and the exposed mould is often red with flint. Large-scale implements have the tire trace, the surface is visible, the glaze is uneven, and the hand feels concave and convex.
元青花獨具特色的青白色調和裝飾紋樣,是東西方文化的融合。元青花是元朝政府倡導下在景德鎮生產,以出口貿易為主的商品瓷,在符合蒙古和中亞細亞伊斯蘭地區的審美習俗的同時,不可避免地融入了漢族傳統文化的優秀內容。從遺存器物的紋飾上看,它繼承了唐宋時期流行的紋飾,如牡丹、蓮紋、纏枝紋紋等,畫法頗受元代繪畫的影響。從輔助紋飾上看,大多也是繼承中原傳統器物的紋飾。
The unique blue and white decorative pattern of Yuan blue and white is the fusion of Eastern and Western culture. The blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty was produced in Jingdezhen under the initiative of the government of the Yuan Dynasty, which was mainly for export trade. It was in line with the aesthetic customs of Mongolia and the Islamic region of Central Asia, and inevitably integrated into the excellent content of the traditional culture of the Han nationality. It inherits the popular patterns of the Tang and Song dynasties, such as peony, lotus and twine patterns. Its painting method is influenced by the paintings of the Yuan Dynasty. Seen from the auxiliary decoration, most of them are inherited from the Central Plains traditional implements.
元青花瓷開闢了由素瓷向彩瓷過渡的新時代,其造型大氣而不失精緻,其繪畫風格豪放而富麗雄渾,與唐宋以來素瓷的審美情趣大相逕庭,是中國陶瓷史上的一朵奇葩,從創始之初就站在中國青花瓷史上的頂峰,使今人為之感嘆。
Yuan blue and white porcelain has opened up by the new era of bisque transition to a color porcelain, its modelling atmosphere and do not break delicate, its wild and richly painting style bold, and since the tang and song dynasty, the aesthetic appeal of porcelain, is a rarity in the history of Chinese ceramics, from the beginning of the founding stood a peak in the history of blue and white porcelain in China, make people sigh for it.