Letter | 25 September 2019
Dependence of economic impacts of climate change on anthropogenically directed pathways
Understanding which factors influence future economic impacts from climate change is important for informing mitigation and adaptation strategies. This study demonstrates that projected economic impacts are primarily attributed to variation in socioeconomic development and future emissions trajectories, rather than uncertainties in the climate response.
譯：氣候變化的經濟影響對人為導向途徑的依賴性
了解哪些因素會影響氣候變化對未來的經濟影響，對於制定緩解和適應策略至關重要。這項研究表明，預計的經濟影響主要歸因於社會經濟發展和未來排放軌跡的變化，而不是氣候響應的不確定性。
Jun』ya Takakura, Shinichiro Fujimori[…] & Yasuaki Hijioka
Letter | 02 September 2019
Stabilization of dense Antarctic water supply to the Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation
The supply of dense Antarctic Bottom Water to the Atlantic overturning circulation has declined in recent years. Observations show that since 2014 this has stabilized and slightly recovered due to variability in upstream dense waters, with implications for the global climate.
譯：穩定的南極的高密度海水補充了大西洋翻轉環流
近年來，緻密的南極底部海水對大西洋的翻轉環流供應減少了。觀測表明，自2014年以來，由於上遊高密度海水的多變性，這種情況已經穩定並略有恢復，對全球氣候產生了影響。
E. Povl Abrahamsen, Andrew J. S. Meijers[…] & Michael P. Meredith
Letter | 16 September 2019
Indian Ocean warming can strengthen the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
The Indian Ocean is warming at an accelerated rate, and modelling experiments show teleconnections affecting the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). In a warming climate, reduced tropical Atlantic rainfall causes salinity changes strengthening the AMOC, while other factors weaken it.
譯：印度洋變暖可加強大西洋經向翻轉循環
印度洋正以加速的速度變暖，模擬實驗表明，遙相關影響了大西洋子午翻轉環流（AMOC）。在氣候變暖的情況下，熱帶大西洋降水減少會導致鹽度變化，從而使AMOC增強，而其他因素會使AMOC減弱。
Shineng Hu & Alexey V. Fedorov
Letter | 02 September 2019
Climate change impacts on banana yields around the world
Bananas are a staple food crop and important agricultural export for many countries. Here, it is shown that global banana yields have increased historically and will continue to increase in Africa but reduced yields are expected among the larger producers.
譯：氣候變化對全世界香蕉產量的影響
香蕉是許多國家的主要糧食作物和重要的農業出口產品。此處顯示，全球香蕉單產歷史上一直在增加，並且在非洲將繼續增加，但預計較大的生產國單產將降低。
Varun Varma & Daniel P. Bebber
Letter | 25 September 2019
Potential adaptive strategies for 29 sub-Saharan crops under future climate change
Future climate conditions threaten crops in sub-Saharan Africa. It is shown that most major sub-Saharan African crops have wild relatives that occur in regions better suited for future climate conditions, suggesting an opportunity for adaptation that does not require the adoption of new production systems.
譯：未來氣候變化下撒哈拉以南29種作物的潛在適應策略
未來的氣候條件威脅著撒哈拉以南非洲的農作物。結果表明，大多數主要的撒哈拉以南非洲農作物都有野生近緣種，而這些近緣種產生在更適合未來氣候條件的地區，這表明不需要採用新的生產系統的適應機會。
Samuel Pironon, Thomas R. Etherington[…] & Katherine J. Willis
Letter | 25 September 2019
Nitrogen status regulates morphological adaptation of marsh plants to elevated CO2
A 30-year dataset shows that marsh plants increased primary productivity and stem density with CO2 enrichment, but diameter and height decreased under nitrogen limitation. The addition of nitrogen reversed these changes, which is important to allow marshes to keep pace with rising sea levels.
譯：氮素狀態調節沼澤植物對CO2濃度升高的形態適應
30年的數據集顯示，隨著CO2的富集，沼澤植物提高了初級生產力和莖密度，但在氮限制下直徑和高度降低。氮的添加逆轉了這些變化，這對於使沼澤與海平面上升保持同步至關重要。
Meng Lu, Ellen R. Herbert[…] & J. Patrick Megonigal