甲基化修飾與一氧化氮(nitric oxide; NO)依賴的亞硝基化修飾是高度保守的蛋白質翻譯後修飾,這兩類修飾參與調控眾多生物學過程,包括調控非生物脅迫反應。但二者調控非生物脅迫的分子機制不甚清楚。
中國科學院遺傳與發育生物學研究所左建儒研究組在亞硝基化蛋白質組學研究中發現擬南芥蛋白質精氨酸甲基轉移酶PRMT5被亞硝基化修飾。PRMT5是在高等真核生物中高度保守的一個酶,催化精氨酸雙對稱性甲基化修飾,其底物包括pre-mRNA剪接體的核心組分。生化和分子遺傳學分析表明,在響應非生物脅迫時,NO通過對PRMT5第125位半胱氨酸殘基(Cys-125)特異的亞硝基化修飾而調控其甲基轉移酶活性,即Cys-125為PRMT5感受NO信號必需。PRMT5甲基轉移酶中Cys-125的亞硝基化修飾增強了植物體內精氨酸雙對稱性甲基化修飾的水平,介導脅迫相關基因pre-mRNA的正常剪切,因而增強了植物對脅迫的耐受性。上述研究發現NO介導的蛋白質亞硝基化修飾與蛋白質甲基化通路互作,從而協調植物拮抗非生物脅迫的分子機制。
上述研究由左建儒研究組、曹曉風研究組、鮑時來研究組與中國科學院微生物研究所孔照勝研究組合作完成。相關論文於2017年7月27日在Molecular Cell雜誌在線發表(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.031)。左建儒研究組博士後胡濟梁博士、左建儒研究組與孔照勝研究組聯合培養博士後楊煥傑博士為該論文共同第一作者。該研究得到了國家自然科學基金委、中科院戰略先導研究計劃B、植物基因組國家重點實驗室、中國博士後科學基金會與中國科學院聯合資助博士後基金等項目的資助。
原文摘要:
Nitric Oxide Regulates Protein Methylation during Stress Responses in Plants
Abstract:Methylation and nitric oxide (NO)-based S-nitrosylation are highly conserved protein posttranslational modifications that regulate diverse biological processes. In higher eukaryotes, PRMT5 catalyzes Arg symmetric dimethylation, including key components of the spliceosome. The Arabidopsis prmt5 mutant shows severe developmental defects and impaired stress responses. However, little is known about the mechanisms regulating the PRMT5 activity. Here, we report that NO positively regulates the PRMT5 activity through S-nitrosylation at Cys-125 during stress responses. In prmt5-1 plants, a PRMT5C125S transgene, carrying a non-nitrosylatable mutation at Cys-125, fully rescues the developmental defects, but not the stress hypersensitive phenotype and the responsiveness to NO during stress responses. Moreover, the salt-induced Arg symmetric dimethylation is abolished in PRMT5C125S/prmt5-1 plants, correlated to aberrant splicing of pre-mRNA derived from a stress-related gene. These findings define a mechanism by which plants transduce stress-triggered NO signal to protein methylation machinery through S-nitrosylation of PRMT5 in response to environmental alterations.