2016年6月8日/生物谷BIOON/--異位性皮膚炎（atopic dermatitis）這一病名是由瓦也斯（Wise）和蘇茲伯格（Sulzberger）在1933年最早提出的。
異位性皮膚炎，又名異位性溼疹或遺傳過敏性溼疹，是一種與遺傳有密切關係的皮膚疾病，因遺傳導致皮膚異常而發生病變，會反覆發作且搔癢難當即異常敏感，好發於嬰幼兒時期，也因此，有些人會稱之為「嬰兒溼疹」。
異位性皮膚炎屬於慢性、復發性、瘙癢性皮膚病。異位性的含義：（1）有易患哮喘，過敏性鼻炎，溼疹的家族性傾向；（2）對異種蛋白過敏；（3）血清中IGE值高；（4）血液嗜酸粒細胞增多。典型的異位性皮膚炎除有特定的溼疹臨床表現外，還具有上述四個特點。
科學家們對異位性皮膚炎的認識尚不一致。病因比較複雜，一般認為與多種因子如遺傳、環境等有關。
在一項新的臨床研究中，來自韓國首爾大學和釜山大學的研究人員指出利用來自臍帶血的幹細胞進行治療可能是一種有效的方法來治療中重度溼疹或者說異位性皮膚炎。相關研究結果於2016年6月3日在線發表在Stem Cells期刊上，論文標題為「Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I/IIa Studies」。
在這項臨床試驗中，34名病人被隨機地分配接受低劑量或高劑量臍帶血幹細胞皮下注射。在第12周，55%接受高劑量注射的病人的溼疹面積與嚴重度指數（eczema area and severity index, EASI）下降50%。異位性皮膚炎的免疫相關標誌物水平也顯著下降。
「這項研究是首項研究證實患有中重度異位性皮膚炎的病人對源自臍帶血的幹細胞治療作出反應」，論文通信作者Tae-Yoon Kim博士說，「對病人進行單一的幹細胞治療導致在整個12周的隨訪期內疾病症狀顯著和持久地改善。」（生物谷 Bioon.com）
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Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I/IIa Studies
doi:10.1002/stem.2401
Hyung-Sik Kim1,†,‡,§, Ji Hyun Lee4,§, Kyoung-Hwan Roh5, Hee Jin Jun4, Kyung-Sun Kang1,5,¶,* andTae-Yoon Kim
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to be therapeutically effective against atopic dermatitis (AD) in preclinical studies. However, the safety and efficacy of MSCs against AD have not yet been investigated in a clinical study. To establish the safety and efficacy of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) in AD, thirty-four adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD were enrolled in two phase trials with a follow-up for 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Patients were randomly allocated to receive low dose (2.5 x 107) or high dose (5.0 x 107) of hUCB-MSCs subcutaneously. An Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, investigator's global assessment (IGA) score, Severity Scoring for Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, adverse effect assessments and serum biomarker levels were evaluated as end points. A single treatment of hUCB-MSCs resulted in dose-dependent improvements in AD manifestation. Fifty-five percent of patients in high dose hUCB-MSC-treated group showed a 50% reduction in the EASI score. The IGA score and SCORAD score decreased by 33% and 50%, respectively, in high dose-treated group. Particularly, the administration of high dose hUCB-MSCs reduced the pruritus score by 58%. The serum IgE levels and number of blood eosinophils were down-regulated by the treatment. No serious adverse events occurred and none of the patients discontinued the trial due to adverse events. This is the first report to demonstrate a marked improvement of AD features with cell therapeutics. These data suggest that the infusion of hUCB-MSCs might be an effective therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe AD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.