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浙江工商大學外國語學院《820翻譯與寫作》歷年考研真題彙編（含部分答案）
課程目錄
2007年浙江工商大學《420翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
2008年浙江工商大學《820翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
2009年浙江工商大學《820翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
2018年浙江工商大學《820翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
2019年浙江工商大學《820翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
2020年浙江工商大學《820翻譯與寫作》考研真題
課程簡介
本書收錄了浙江工商大學「820翻譯與寫作」的考研真題，並提供絕大部分參考答案及詳解（注意：部分年份科目代碼會有變動）。考研真題是每個考生複習備考必不可少的資料，通過研究歷年真題能洞悉考試出題難度和題型，了解常考章節與重要考點，有效指明複習方向。
特別說明：本資料中的真題為贈送資料，版權歸學校及相關單位，在此對版權所有者表示感謝，如有不妥我們將無條件處理。
本書提供電子書及紙質書，方便對照複習。
【試讀部分內容】
2007年浙江工商大學《420翻譯與寫作》考研真題及詳解
Part One Translation（90分/150）
1 Translate the Following English into Chinese (20分):
In other words, American literature is to our eyes a curious amalgam of familiar and strange. America is, of course, an extension of Europe in Europe’s expansionist phase. It has been peopled mainly by Europeans. The 「involuntary immigrants」—Negro slaves—from Africa are an exception, and their presence has modified American society. But in general the United States was founded upon European, and especially British, precedents. Culturally speaking, America might be called a European colony.
However, to say so is to draw attention to the complexity of the American scene. No other colony has been so heterogeneously populated, or so long politically independent of Europe. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an awareness of its cleavage from, and superiority to, the parent cultures. Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is a double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities. Yesterday has been dismissed and pined for: tomorrow has been invoked and dreaded. It has not been the most favorable of situations for the production of literature.
【參考譯文】
換句話說，我們認為，美國文學把我們所熟悉的陌生的東西奇妙地結合起來了。美國當然是歐洲向外擴展時期的外延，歐洲人是主要的移民。非洲被強迫而來的移民——黑奴——是個例外，這些人的到來使美國社會有了變化，不過大體上美國是按照歐洲，特別是英國的先例建立的。就文化而言，美國可以說是歐洲的一個殖民地。
這樣說是要人們注意到美國社會的複雜性。其他殖民地的居民成分沒有如此複雜，政治上脫離歐洲也沒有如此長久。沒有一個起源於歐洲的國家，像它這樣敏銳地意識到要和歐洲文化分家，而且要超過歐洲文化。貫穿美國歷史的，也就是貫穿美國文學的，是一種雙重意識；既眷戀舊大陸的文明，又憧憬新大陸的前程。昨日已成過去，但也值得留戀；明天已經在望，但也令人惴惴不安。這不是一個最適合文學創作的環境。
2 Translate the Following into English (25分):
戀愛是人類生活的中心，孟子說：「食色性也。」所謂戀愛正是天賦之本能；如一生不了解戀愛的人，他又何能了解整個的人生？所以凡事都從學習而知而能，只有戀愛用不著學習，只要到了相當的年齡，碰到合適的機會，他和她便會莫名其妙地戀愛起來。
戀愛人人都會，可是不見得人人都懂，世俗大半以性慾偽充戀愛，以遊戲的態度處置戀愛，於是我們時刻可看到因戀愛而不幸的記載。實在的戀愛絕不是遊戲，它具有引人向上的鞭策力，它更是美麗的象徵。
在一雙男女正純情熱愛著的時候，他和她內心充實著驚人的力量：他們的靈魂是從萬有的束縛中，得到了自由，不怕威脅，不為利誘，他們是超越了現實，而創造他們理想的樂園。
【參考譯文】
Romantic love is the core of human life. Mencius says, 「The desire for food and sex is nature.」 In other words, love is innate. If one remains a lifelong stranger to love, how can he thoroughly understand life? Man becomes capable through learning. But love is an exception. Boy and girl, when they are of age and meet at an opportune moment, will become mysteriously attached to each other.
Though people love by instinct, yet all cannot understand it correctly. More often than not, love is but carnal desire and is treated as a mere game. That is why we so often hear tragic stories of love. True love is not a game. Nor can its true value be appreciated by the morally degenerate. True love spurs one on to higher attainment. It embodies the supreme quality of selflessness, and is, above all, symbolic of beauty.
When a man and woman are deeply immersed in true love, they are full of amazing inner strength. Their souls are freed from all bondage. They are unyielding before threats and incorruptible before any promise of material gain. They transcend the reality to create an ideal paradise of their own.
3 Translate the Following Business English into Chinese (20分):
The outstanding marketing advantage of a small business over a large one is its closeness to its customers. Many small-business owners cater to a devoted group of customers by stocking special goods and personalizing services for them. By furnishing more and better services, the small business often can compete effectively with a large one. These services include deliveries, phone orders, gift wrapping, check cashing, credit, and a merchandise-on-approval program.
Among the marketing weakness of small firms are inadequate sales programs, lack of effective advertising programs, inadequate inventory control, and purchasing and pricing disadvantages. For example, many small businesses employ only part-time salespersons. Their sales presentations often are incomplete and ineffective because the only sales training these salespersons receive is from representatives of wholesalers and other suppliers.
Many small firms lack both the creative talent and the money for an effective advertising program. In most cases they cannot afford to use an advertising agency. They rely mainly on satisfied customers to spread the message about their goods and services. When they advertise, they do so only in the classified section of the newspapers and in the Yellow Pages of the telephone directory. As a result, they are unable to evaluate the effectiveness of their advertising.
【參考譯文】
與大企業相比，小企業最突出的營銷優勢是與客戶的密切關係。許多小企業主通過提供特殊商品和個性化服務來培養一群忠實顧客。通過提供更多更好的服務，小企業往往可以有效地與大企業競爭。這些服務包括送貨、電話訂購、禮品包裝、支票兌現、信用卡和試銷體驗。
小公司的營銷弱點包括銷售計劃不充分、缺乏有效的廣告計劃、庫存控制不足以及採購定價劣勢。例如，許多小企業的銷售都是兼職人員。他們的銷售報告一般都不完整，又沒有效果，因為這些銷售人員接受過的唯一銷售培訓是來自批發商和其他供應商的代表。
許多小公司既缺乏創意人才，又缺乏有效的廣告資金。在大多數情況下，他們請不起廣告公司。他們主要依靠對其滿意的顧客來宣傳他們商品和服務。他們就算做廣告也只是在報紙的分類欄和電話簿的黃頁上做。因此，他們無法評估廣告是否有效。
4 Please Translate the Following Chinese into English (25分):
隨著國際貿易的發展，貿易與環境的關係問題日益引起世界各國的重視。1995年世界貿易組織（WTO）成立後，就建立了貿易與環境委員會（CTE）。其主要宗旨是「明確貿易措施與環境措施之間的關係以促進可持續發展；對多邊貿易體系條款是否需要修改提出適當建議，這些建議必須與多邊貿易體系的公開、公正、非歧視性原則相一致。」
2001年多哈召開的WTO第四屆部長級會議上，在歐盟的積極推動下，經過激烈談判，在會議最後一刻將貿易與環境問題列入了新一輪多邊貿易談判。WTO成員國從此對貿易與環境議題展開談判。
中國政府高度重視貿易與環境問題，積極參與了WTO貿易與環境議題談判，並分別在2003年7月和2004年6月的CTE特會上提交了兩份提案，為推動談判進展做出了技術性貢獻。
【參考譯文】
With the development of international trade, the issue of the relationship between trade and environment has become the concern of countries all over the world. The World Trade Organization (WTO) established a Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) when it was launched in 1995. The CTE’s main mandates are 「to identify the relationship between trade measures and environmental measures, in order to promote sustainable development, and to make appropriate recommendations on whether any modifications of the provisions of the multilateral trading system are required, compatible with the open, equitable and non-discriminatory nature of the system.」
Largely pushed by the EC, the trade and environmental issue was adopted as the new round multilateral trade negotiations at the very last minute after heated debates at the 4th WTO Ministerial Conference held in Doha in November 2001. It was then decided that the WTO Members shall negotiate on the trade and environmental issue.
The Chinese government attaches great importance to trade and environmental issues and has been actively participating in the negotiations. China brought forward two submissions to the CTE Special Session in July 2003 and June 2004 respectively, and made its technical contributions in pushing forward the negotiations.
Part Two Writing (60分/150)
1 Read The Following Passage And Then Write A Coherent Essay To Answer The Question Given. You Are Required To Express Your Viewpoints Clearly And Logically Within 200 Words (20分):
A City’s Traffic Plans and China’s Car Culture
SHANGHAI, July 9—When officials drew up the blueprints for the redesign of this city in the early 1980s, nary a skyscraper punctuated the low-slung horizon, whose buildings mostly dated from the decades of Western control early in the last century.
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