把句子拉長可不是為了充字數,也不是顯擺自己的語法學得有多棒,而是讓內容豐滿起來,細節生動起來。這體現了你的思維的複雜性和精準性,甚至在一定程度上體現了你的批判性思維。試想,你能寫出高質量的句子,說明你駕馭語言和邏輯的能力已相當不錯,那麼離寫出一篇好文章也就不遠了。
為了讓大家有個直觀的感受,我們可以對比一下下面兩組句子:
Since the industrial revolution, our life has been greatly improved by technology.Since the industrial revolution, our life has been greatly improved by technology, from the invention of the automobile to the discovery of new energy to the development of the Internet.He spends most of his spare time doing volunteer work.Unlike most of his peers who play a lot of computer games in their free time, he devotes most of his spare time to doing volunteer work.相信大家都喜歡第二句,因為內容被細化了,讀起來更有料。再看一下方式,第一組的第二句用了from… to加在一個比較general的名詞後面,第二組則引入了對比。
接下來,我為大家列一下大致10種拉長句子的方式:
1)在一個比較籠統的名詞(即可衍生出下義詞的名詞)後加from… to結構
e.g. Today we are surrounded by all kinds of advertising from billboards by the side of expressways to traditional TV commercials to pop-up ads when we surf the Internet.
2)在名詞後加such as或like結構,功能同上,都是對名詞的舉例和細化
e.g. Students need to be encouraged to participate in a variety of extracurriculum activities, such as team sports, community service, and a visit to a museum.
3)加入參照物對比,可用rather than, unlike, not…but等
e.g. Rather than seeking a job in the big city where he graduated, he returned to the village where he grew up, hoping to make contributions to his hometown.
e.g. They show less respect for their teachers in the way their parents did.
e.g. He quit his college education not out of economic reason, but for more time to invest in his business idea.
4)給名詞加上doing等後置定語,對名詞作一定範圍的限制
e.g. Overseas education becomes a top concern for parents seeking to secure a better future for their children in this rapidly-changing society.
5)對動詞加以生動地描述,一般加上副詞或介賓短語來修飾
e.g. He talkedto the public enthusiastically and with confidence.
6)對動詞加上方式狀語來補充,一般用by doing
e.g. Governments can raisestudents』 environmental awareness by holding regular lectures and encouraging them to plant more trees.
7)對名詞進行「典型性說明」,可用in particular, typically, especially等等
e.g. Women, particularly housewives who spend more time buying daily necessities, are more susceptible to price change.
8)給句中的名詞加上特點,可用with結構,也可用分詞或定語從句
e.g. Many celebrities like movie stars live extravagant lifestyles with luxury cars and big houses in a peaceful environment.
e.g. Movies with violent content have a negative effect on teenagers, who are mentally immature and have not formed correct life values.
9)加強橫向思維,多些解釋、並列或羅列,可用namely, that is, in other words, or等
e.g. We are inclined to recruit people who are prudent, or good at balancing risks against gains when facing a choice.
不過在使用解釋時要避免重複,最好體現層級感。
10)對現象和觀點進行範圍上的限定,因為很多現象和觀點不是放之四海而皆準,而是有前提或限定條件的。可用上for, in terms of, when等等
e.g. Our society is changing rapidly in terms of technology and city skyline.
e.g. Working at home is highly efficient for people with a good time management ability.
了解了以上10種,同學們可以自己來找找自己作文中哪些句子寫得比較籠統,是否可以添加細節來拉長。這裡附上三個句子,有興趣的不妨來做一做:
Children from poor families may meet many difficulities in their life.Governments need to create opportunities for people who have been criminals to return to society.He achieved great success in his early 20s.(答案可私信或留言)