考研英語作文舉例論證寫作方法之名人及事跡型舉例

　　相關閱讀：

　　新東方金凌虹：考研英語作文克服「例」不從心的方法

　　個人經歷型的舉例相對容易完成，因為舉例的內容直接與生活和實踐有關。然而，相對而言，個人舉例型的例子有的時候又顯得不是"很上檔次"。考生在考場上可能會使用"名人事跡"進行論證：

　　比如：

　　Thomas Edison gave us an example that success only comes after persistence and hard work. 託馬斯.愛迪生給我們一個例子，那就是，成功來自堅持和努力。

　　又或者：

　　The example of Thomas Edison best supports the view. He achieved innumerable honors throughout his life, but he never abandoned his pursuit of new goals.

　　託馬斯.愛迪生的例子可以很好地證明這個觀點。他在他的一生中獲得了無數的榮譽，但是他卻從來沒有放棄對新的目標的追求。

　　2004年官方高分範文

　　Take the famous scientist Thomas Edison for example .He had done very well in his early life, but continued to pursue something more difficult all through his life.

　　以著名的科學家託馬斯·愛迪生為例，他早年成就斐然，但終生都在不斷追求更高的成就。

　　2005年官方高分範文

　　As a nation renowned in the world for many of its virtues, the Chinese people have been practicing filial piety throughout history. Many much-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting the elders, like the story of Ti Ying in the West Han Dynasty who risked her life in order to save her wronged father from corporal punishment.

　　作為一個以眾多美德聞名於世的民族，中國人民自古以來一直奉行孝道。許多廣為傳頌的故事反覆強調這種歷史悠久的愛老敬老的傳統，如西漢是緹縈捨身營救蒙冤的父親免遭肉刑的故事。

　　又如：

　　Take Yao Ming as a case in point: his unbelievable performance comes not so much from his outstanding basketball skills as from perfect cooperation with his teammates.

　　姚明在NBA的精彩表現，與其說是來自於個人優秀的籃球技能，不如說是來自於與隊友的完美合作。

　　再或者：

　　The famous Chinese athlete, Liu Xiang, who has won the Olympic golden medal and kept the world record, is never afraid of being challenged and regards his process of racing as a pleasure, which is often viewed as the best example of the view that confidence is necessary in people's career.

　　中國著名運動員劉翔是一個很好的例子，證明了自信是人們職業生涯中所必須的。他已經獲得了奧運金牌並且保持世界紀錄，卻從不懼怕挑戰，且將自己的運動視為一種快樂。

　　以上三個例子，相對而言，都是"名人及事跡"舉例的較為簡易的版本。文字不多，但卻也是工整的舉例論證，只有第三個例子有較為完整的描述。

　　其實，在本書"二、第二段的論證手段"中的"意義闡述"論證中的"舉例論證"部分，我們就已經提到如何用固定的結構和句子安排來進行"名人及事跡"的舉例論證。相對於自由發揮而言的、如上的名人論證，這種固定結構的舉例論證相對更加簡單一些。回顧一下，這個舉例公式是：

　　Somebody, 插入語（介紹舉例對象的背景）, could be one of the most convincing cases of ….例子具體內容那個的描述. How could somebody have done something without A ？

　　於是就有了如下的"名人及事跡"舉例論證：

　　Thomas Edison，one of the greatest inventors and entrepreneurs throughout the history of mankind, could be one of the most convincing cases of how persistence works in the course of pursuing success. He tried thousands of kinds of materials and experienced thousands of times of failures when he invented the first electric light bulb. How could he have succeeded and changed the world without persistence?

　　人類歷史上最偉大的發明家、企業家之一的愛迪生就是堅持如何在追求成功的過程中起作用的最有說服力的例子之一。在他發明電燈泡的過程中，他嘗試了數以千次的材料，也經歷了數以千次的失敗。如果沒有堅持和毅力，他怎麼可能成功的發明電燈泡並且改變世界呢？"

　　接下來，我們整理收集了一些"名人事跡"的舉例，而且完全符合上面我們所講的"舉例造句公式"，希望讀者朋友和考生能夠細心參閱並且背誦以下例子：

　　Jeremy Lin, one of the most influential Asian basketball players in NBA could be one of the most convincing cases of how diligence works in our life. When he first appeared in the match，quite a few people held that he could not even survive in NBA, let alone become a famous basketball star. However, rather than being affected by these negative words, he trained harder. How could he have finally succeeded in NBA without diligence?

　　"NBA裡最有影響力的亞洲籍運動員林書豪可以是勤奮在我們生活中如何起作用的最有說服力的例子之一。當他第一次出現在賽場上的時候，很多人認為他根本無法在NBA生存下來，更別說成為一名著名球星了。然而，他非但沒有收到這些負面言論的影響，反而訓練更加刻苦。如果沒有勤奮的話，他怎麼可能最終在NBA取得成功呢？"

　　當然，除去如上運用了舉例公式、大量描述的名人事跡之外，考生也可以對名人事跡進行"非公式化的"、具體的描述：

　　Surveys conducted by some biographers have also demonstrated that almost all successful men and celebrities have built their mansion of success on the bedrock of adversities. Take Georgia Washington, one of the greatest founding fathers of the United States of America, as a case in point：to break away from the British Empire and build an independent country，he led the American War of Independence. However，problems and challenges such as inexperience of war, adverse weather conditions, shortage of ammunition and smallpox arose. Confronted with these adversities, he became more mature and composed, and then won the Revolutionary War finally through his courage and wisdom. It was these adversities that made him a great man and the one who changed the world radically.

　　由一些傳記作者展開的調查也已經發現，幾乎所有的偉大的人物和名人都將自己成功的大廈建立在逆境的基石上。以美國最偉大的開國之父之一喬治亞.華盛頓為例，為了脫離英國的殖民統治，建立一個獨立的國家，他領導了美國獨立戰爭。但卻遇到了諸如戰爭經驗不足、氣候條件惡劣、彈藥不足及天花肆虐等各種問題和挑戰。面對這樣的逆境，華盛頓變得更加成熟鎮定，並且通過勇氣和智慧取得了獨立戰爭的勝利。正是這些逆境使他成為一位偉大的人物並最終完全地改變了世界。

　　Honesty can be a more noble quality than intelligence, ability and anything you can learn from books. George Washington，one of the most influential founding fathers of USA, was not only famous for his wisdom, courage and political talent，but also his honesty. When he was a little boy, out of curiosity he chopped down the cherry tree planted by his father. Then his father came back, when asked by his father what has happened，he did not lie to his father but admitted his fault frankly. Surprisingly, rather than scolding Washington, his father exclaimed"a honest boy is more valuable than one thousand cherry trees!"

　　誠實甚至是比智慧、能力和任何你能從書上學到的知識更為高尚的品質。美國開國之父喬治亞華盛頓，不僅以他的智慧、勇敢和政治才能聞名，更以誠實為人聞名。在小的時候，他曾經砍掉了父親栽種的一株櫻桃樹。當他父親回來後，面對父親的詢問，他沒有撒謊，而是誠實地承認了自己的錯誤。令人奇怪的是，他的父親非但沒有責怪他，反倒大聲驚呼："一個誠實的孩子勝過一千株櫻桃樹"！

　　本部分內容節選自《考研英語寫作滿分點金》（中央電大出版社2014年10月20日已上市）購買連結

　　金凌虹簡介：

　　浙江義烏人，北京師範大學碩士，新東方考研英語教師，北京新東方學校"星計劃"教師招聘負責人。2010年新東方教育科技集團教師說課大賽國內考試項目組全國冠軍。主講考研英語詞彙、寫作課程。《21世紀報》英語學習與考試版長期撰稿人。擔任歷屆全國大學生英語四六級考試、碩士研究生生入學考試後新東方高清視頻網、騰訊視頻、新浪視頻、中國教育網及考試吧視頻解析專家；2004年本科一年級自學英語，2005年開始登上講臺教授英語，其自學英語的故事曾受《錢江晚報》、《新京報》等專訪報導。　　新浪微博：@ 金凌虹

　　微信公眾平臺：xdf-jlh（新東方金凌虹）

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