醫學翻譯:支氣管炎

Bronchitis 

支氣管炎 

Bronchitis is swelling of the lining of the large airways called bronchi inthe lungs. The swelling causes more mucus than normal to be made. Thiscan block the airflow through the lungs and may damage the lungs.

支氣管炎是指稱為支氣管的肺內大氣管內壁腫大。該腫大導致多痰。這可能阻塞肺部通氣並可能損害肺。急性支氣管炎持續 2-4 個星期，但可治癒。 

Acute bronchitis lasts 2 to 4 weeks and can be treated. Chronic bronchitis is a long-term disease of the lungs. It is one disease in a group of lung diseases called COPD or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The damage often gets worse over time and cannot be cured.

慢性支氣管炎是一種長期肺病。它是一組稱為 COPD 或慢性阻塞性 肺病的一種。肺損傷經常會惡化，且不能治癒。

Signs of Bronchitis

• A frequent cough

• Feeling tired

• Chest pain with coughing or deep breathing

• Noisy breathing

• Shortness of breath

• Body aches

• Fever or chills

• Sore throat

• Runny or stuffy nose

 

支氣管炎的症狀

• 經常咳嗽

• 感覺疲勞

• 咳嗽或深呼吸時胸痛

• 呼吸有雜音

• 呼吸急促

• 身體疼痛

• 發燒或畏寒

• 喉嚨痛

• 流鼻涕或鼻塞

Causes of Bronchitis

• Bacterial or viral infections

• Smoking

• Air pollution

• Allergy to something in the air such as pollen

• Lung disease such as asthma or emphysema

 

支氣管炎的病因

• 細菌或病毒感染

• 吸菸

• 空氣汙染

• 對花粉等空氣懸浮物過敏

• 哮喘或肺氣腫等肺病

 

Your Care

Your care may include medicines and breathing exercises to help you breathe easier. You may need oxygen if you have chronic bronchitis. Your care may also include:

• Avoiding colds and the flu.

• Drinking a lot of liquids to keep mucus thin.

• Using a humidifier or vaporizer.

• Using postural drainage and percussion to loosen mucus from your

lungs. You will be taught how to do this.

治療

治療可能包括藥物和呼吸練習，以助呼吸順暢。慢性支氣管炎可能需要吸氧治療。此外，治療手段還可能包括：

• 避免感冒和流感。

• 大量飲用液體以保持痰液不變濃。

• 使用增溼器或蒸發器。

• 使用體位引流和叩診以幫助咳出肺部的痰液。有人會教您怎麼做。

 

To Breathe Easier

• Quit smoking. The only way to slow the damage of chronic bronchitis is to quit smoking. It is never too late to quit.

• Do not drink alcohol. It dulls the urge to cough and sneeze to clear your air passages. It also causes your body to lose fluid, making the mucus in your lungs thicker and harder to cough up.

• Avoid things that irritate your lungs such as air pollution, dusts and

gases.

• Sleep with your upper body raised. Use foam wedges or raise the

head of your bed.

 

改善呼吸

• 戒菸。減緩慢性支氣管炎損害的唯一方法是戒菸。什麼時候戒菸都不晚。

• 不要喝酒。咳嗽和打噴嚏可清除氣道，而喝酒會鈍化咳嗽和打噴嚏的欲望。喝酒也導致您的身體喪失液體，從而使肺部的痰液更粘稠、更難咳出。

• 避免肺的刺激物，如空氣汙染、灰塵和各類氣體。

• 睡覺時將上身抬高。使用泡沫楔枕頭或抬高您的床頭。

Call your doctor right away if you:

• Have chills or a fever over 101 degrees F or 38 degrees C

• Need to use your inhalers or breathing treatments more often

• Have more mucus, the color changes, or it becomes too hard to cough

up

• Have a new or worsening gray or blue tint of your nails or the skin of your fingers or mouth

• Have trouble talking or doing your normal activities

• Have to use more pillows when sleeping or start having to sleep in a

chair to breathe at night

 

如發生下列情況，立即打電話給醫生：

• 畏寒或高於華氏101度或攝氏38度的發燒

• 需要更多地使用吸入器或呼吸治療

• 痰增加、痰色有變化或更難咳出痰液

• 指甲或手指皮膚或嘴上新增添灰藍色或原有的情況惡化

• 說話或進行正常活動有困難

• 睡覺時必須用更多枕頭或晚間開始必須在一張椅子上睡覺才能呼吸

Call 911 right away if you:

• Cannot get your breath

• Become confused, dizzy or feel faint

• Have new chest pain or tightness

  

如有下列情形，立即撥打 911：

• 呼吸困難

• 意識模糊、眩暈或感覺頭暈

• 新近的胸痛或胸部發緊

 

Talk to your doctor or nurse if you have any questions or concerns.

如有任何疑問或疑慮，請向醫生或護士提出。

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