前言：以下 3 個例子，羊君附上了谷歌翻譯版本。看起來，相關譯員在這些翻譯的處理上並沒有做得比機器更好。
例1. 由於 COPD 患者往往伴隨著氣流阻塞、免疫力低下、營養不良等症狀……
原譯：Because COPD patients are often accompanied by airflow obstruction, low immunity, malnutrition and other symptoms…
谷歌翻譯：Because COPD patients are often accompanied by airflow obstruction, low immunity, malnutrition and other symptoms...
分析：中文是重意合的語言，很多時候字面上的邏輯並不嚴謹。加上作為母語者，我們對中文語法也不敏感，不管對錯一般都能理解。但英文不同，英文是重形合的語言，字面上的行文搭配更為嚴謹。
在此例中，中文說「患者」「伴隨」某某症狀，聽起來沒有任何不妥。但在英文中，說 patients are accompanied by XXX symptoms 是不當的搭配，應該是某種疾病/症狀/體徵伴隨著某某疾病/症狀/體徵。
參考修改版本1：Because COPD patients often have/experience/suffer airflow obstruction, low immunity, malnutrition and other symptoms…
參考修改版本2: Because COPD is often accompanied by airflow obstruction, low immunity, malnutrition and other symptoms…
參考修改版本3: Because COPD is often accompanied by symptoms including airflow obstruction, low immunity, and malnutrition…
例2. 其中 Ⅱ 型呼吸衰竭是 COPD 常見的併發症。該併發症發生機制較為複雜。
原譯：Among them, type II respiratory failure is a common complication of COPD. The pathogenesis of this complication is more complicated.
谷歌翻譯：Among them, type II respiratory failure is a common complication of COPD. The mechanism of this complication is more complicated.
分析：中文表達中經常出現「較」，並不一定總是表示兩者比較，還可表示「具有相當程度」(《新華字典》)。在翻譯時，應結合語境，看到底是哪種情況。原文顯然並不是在跟誰比較，而是表示 「具有相當程度」 的複雜。所以，原譯的 more complicated 翻譯錯誤。
另外，中國人寫文章經常用「較為」，但是學術論文翻譯時經常省略這個詞。
參考修改版本：Among them, type II respiratory failure is a common complication of COPD with a complex pathogenesis.
註：a complex pathogenesis 參考 《柳葉刀》 文章：
https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673601070775.pdf
例3. 狂犬疫苗接種後，可刺激免疫系統產生保護性抗體，這種抗體存在於人的體液中，狂犬病毒一旦出現，抗體會立即作用，將其清除，阻止感染，並且不會傷害到身體，從而使人體具有預防狂犬病的免疫力，以達到預防狂犬病毒感染的目的。
原譯：After the rabies vaccine is vaccinated, it can stimulate the immune system to produce protective antibody, this kind of antibody exists in human body fluids, once the rabies virus appear, the antibody will immediately act to clear it to prevent infection without damage to the body, so that the human body has immunity against rabies virus to prevent rabies virus infection.
谷歌翻譯：After rabies vaccination, it can stimulate the immune system to produce protective antibodies. This antibody is present in human body fluids. Once the rabies virus appears, the antibody will immediately act to clear it, prevent infection, and will not harm the body, so that the human body has immunity against rabies to prevent rabies virus infection.
分析：這位譯員的譯文有多處問題，翻譯質量甚至比不上谷歌翻譯。
第一，不斷句。中文一逗到底，沒有斷句。這不是好的寫作習慣，但我們翻譯也管不到作者。在翻譯成英文時，一定要斷句！！！不管用詞和句式是否高級，行文邏輯一定要清晰，尤其是論文類的文章。
第二，不理解單詞具體使用方法，字面翻譯，中式英語。
1. vaccinate，這個單詞要是用有道詞典查的話，就是「接種疫苗」或「給…接種疫苗」。看起來原譯中 After the hepatitis B vaccine is vaccinated 的用法沒問題，但是我們看看英英詞典是怎麼說的。
Cambridge Dictionary：to give someone a vaccine, usually by injection, to prevent them from getting a disease.
Collins Dictionary: If a person or animal is vaccinated, they are given a vaccine, usually by injection, to prevent them from getting a disease.
Longman Dictionary: to protect a person or animal from a disease by giving them a vaccine.
我們可以看出來，vaccinate 的賓語是人或動物，不是疫苗本身。原譯的 After the hepatitis B vaccine is vaccinated 的表達是錯誤的。
2. so that the human body has immunity against rabies virus to prevent rabies virus infection. 這句話完全可以省略一些字面上的重複！翻譯不是逐字對應的！比如，against rabies virus to prevent rabies virus infection 這裡完全就可以把最後面的rabies virus 省略掉。
另外，翻譯是用英語來表達中文的意思，可以把句子進行重組，保證意思連貫及行文流暢，不是按照原文逐字逐句來轉換！！！
參考修改版本：Rabies vaccination stimulates the immune system to produce protective antibodies that are present in human body fluids. Once a rabies virus appears, the antibodies act immediately to remove it and stop the infection without harming the body, thus giving the body immunity against rabies to prevent infections.
鳴謝 A 老師參與參考譯文討論！