China bans 'uncivilized behaviors' on country's subways
Lilit Marcus, CNN • Published 29th October 2019
作者：利利特－馬爾克斯，CNN,發布於2019年10月29日
Hong Kong (CNN) — China is cracking down on bad subway etiquette.
香港(CNN)-中國正在嚴厲打擊地鐵上的不良行為舉止。
State-run newspaper China Daily reports that eating, drinking, standing on seats, playing music on speakers, lying down and other "uncivilized behaviors" will be banned on all of the country's subways from April 1, 2020.
官方報紙《中國日報》報導，從2020年4月1日起，全國所有地鐵將禁止吃喝東西、站在座位上、用揚聲器把音樂播放出聲、躺下等「不文明行為」。
There will be an exception to the "no eating and drinking" rule for people who have medical conditions and for babies and small children.
對於身體狀況有疾的成人以及嬰兒和幼童，「禁止飲食」這條規定可以有例外。
The Ministry of Transport approved the new guidelines on October 29. This is the first time China has enacted subway legislation that affects the entire country. Previously, it was up to specific cities and regions to set their own guidelines.
交通運輸部10月29日批准了這些新的指導方針。這是中國首次頒布影響全國的地鐵立法。此前是由具體城市和地區制定自己的指導方針。
For instance, Beijing already enacted its own ban on food and drink on the subway -- as well as on platforms and in station elevators -- in 2015. There, violators can be fined 500 yuan ($70).
比如，北京已經在2015年頒布了自己的禁令，禁止在地鐵、站臺和車站電梯上吃喝東西。在北京，違反規定者可以被罰款500元（70美元）。
"Providing safe and convenient travel services for passengers is always the fundamental starting point and the foothold of urban subway transit," reads a release from the Ministry of Transport. "It's important to roll out the managing regulation of urban subway organization and service from the national level."
「為乘客提供安全便捷的出行服務，始終是城市地鐵交通的根本出發點和落腳點，」交通運輸部的一份公告寫道。「從國家層面上出臺城市地鐵組織與服務管理規定具有重要意義。」
While the new nation-wide subway laws will go into effect next year, it's not clear what penalties rule breakers will face. It's also unclear how people with medical conditions who are exempt from these rules will be verified.
雖然新的全國性地鐵法將於明年生效，但尚不清楚違規者將面臨何種處罰。目前還不清楚如何核實那些因身體狀況有疾而不受規定約束的人。
Currently, 33 cities in China have subway systems, including Shanghai, Shenzhen, Wuhan and Qingdao.
目前，中國有33個城市擁有地鐵系統，包括上海、深圳、武漢和青島等。
According to Railway Technology magazine, Beijing's subway system is second only to Tokyo in terms of rider density, with 3.2 billion rides taken in 2013. Shanghai and Guangzhou come in at fourth and fifth places, respectively, ahead of other, more established systems in New York City and Paris.
據《鐵路科技》雜誌報導，北京地鐵系統的乘客密度僅次於東京，2013年共乘坐32億人次。上海和廣州分別排在第四和第五位，領先於紐約和巴黎，後二者擁有更為成熟的地鐵體系。
In addition to municipal subways, China has also invested heavily in inter-city rail.
除了市政地鐵外，中國還對城際鐵路進行了大量投資。
The new West Kowloon Railway Station in Hong Kong is a major hub, with bullet trains to cities like Shanghai (8.25 hours) and Guilin (3.5 hours) making it much easier to travel around the country without having to fly.
位於香港的新的九龍西車站是一個重要樞紐，有子彈（高速）列車可到達上海（8.25小時）和桂林（3.5小時）等城市，人們由此更容易週遊全國而不是非飛不可。
And in 2018, the Chinese government greenlit a proposal to build an underwater bullet train between the port city of Ningbo and Zhoushan, an archipelago off the east coast.
2018年，中國政府批准了一項在港口城市寧波和東部沿海島嶼舟山之間建造水下子彈頭列車的提議。
CNN's Serenitie Wang also contributed reporting.
CNN的賽林尼緹－王也參與了報導。