近日，海關總署在充分聽取中國酒業協會的意見之後，同意在2021年的《中華人民共和國進出口稅則》中進行修改，新的稅則從2021年1月1日起正式執行，中文列目名稱白酒的對應英文由原來的 Chinese distilled spirits 改為 Chinese Baijiu.
其實，個人覺得不太合理，建議改成：
Baijio
How to drink baijiu: Beijing's pros share their tips
BBC
It's the most widely drunk hard liquor in the world but it's rarely found on cocktail menus.
Baijiu, distilled from sorghum and rice, rules every festive occasion in China, where it's the tipple of choice for everything from wedding receptions to business banquets.
It's especially popular during celebrations for the Lunar New Year, when shot glasses filled with the potent spirit are thrown back and slammed down on the table in endless rounds of toasts.
"Many (foreigners) find baijiu off-putting, but it's not about the liquor itself," says Bill Isler, co-founder of Beijing's Capital Spirits, the world's first baijiu-themed bar.
Isler says the drink's fearsome reputation comes from visitors being coerced into excessive drinking by Chinese friends or co-workers -- persuading people to drink is a gesture of generosity and "being a good host," he says.
But Isler wants to change the way baijiu is regarded and consumed. His bar serves different types of the fiery spirit as well as baijiu cocktails.
It's a push shared by distillers -- sales of high-end baijiu brands like Moutai have slowed as China has reined in officials' expense accounts as part of an anti-corruption drive.
Thanks to China's huge population, baijiu accounts for almost a third of global spirit sales. Euromonitor International, a London-based consultancy, estimated about 5.5 billion liters, or 1.5 billion gallons of baijiu sold last year.
Is baijiu poised to take over the world?
There are signs that appreciation for baijiu is starting to spread.
Jim Boyce, a Canadian wine expert based in Beijing, is the founder of World Baijiu Day, aimed at promoting the best-selling yet little-known spirit.
He said 30 Baijiu Day events were held in 20 cities around the world last year. Dedicated baijiu bars are now found in Liverpool and New York.
There are also a growing number of overseas baijiu brands. ByeJoe in the United States, Taizi in New Zealand and Dragon's Mist in Canada are milder versions of China's most eye-watering drink.
In China, people are experimenting with baijiu too.
Seminars are being held on how to pair it with food and some entrepreneurs have developed baijiu-infused ice cream, pizza and gummy bears. A chef in Beijing even created deep-fried baijiu cake.
The government is also promoting baijiu tourism, a Chinese version of a Bordeaux tour in Maotai, Guizhou province.
Boyce suggests first timers "compare and contrast" different baijiu styles side by side.
"Just as with a flight of wine or whiskey or tequila, a flight of baijiu is bound to make you think more deeply about smells, tastes and, ultimately, preferences," he says.
"Lots of people assume all baijiu is pretty much the same. Trying different styles side-by-side reveals a great deal of diversity."
- ◆ -
註：中文文本為機器翻譯僅供參考，並非一一對應
含注釋全文：
How to drink baijiu: Beijing's pros share their tips
BBC
It's the most widely drunk hard liquor in the world but it's rarely found on cocktail menus.
白酒是世界上飲用範圍最廣的烈性酒，但卻很少出現在雞尾酒菜單上。
liquor /ˈlɪkə/ 表示「白酒，烈酒」，英文解釋為「strong alcoholic drink」。
cocktail表示「雞尾酒」，英文解釋為「a drink usually made from a mixture of one or more spirits (= strong alcoholic drinks) and fruit juice. It can also be made without alcohol.」；
🍸cocktail真的就是cock，公雞，雄雞（an adult male chicken）+tail，尾，尾巴（the part that sticks out and can be moved at the back of the body of a bird, an animal or a fish）
Baijiu, distilled from sorghum and rice, rules every festive occasion in China, where it's the tipple of choice for everything from wedding receptions to business banquets.
在中國，由高粱和大米釀造而成的白酒是每一個喜慶場合的主宰，從婚宴到商務宴請，白酒都是首選酒。
1）表示「蒸餾」，英文解釋為「to make a liquid stronger or purer by heating it until it changes to a gas and then cooling it so that it changes back into a liquid」；
2）表示「提煉，濃縮」，英文解釋為「to get or show only the most important part of something」舉個🌰：
Over 80 hours of footage have been distilled into these 40 minutes.
80多個小時的片子被提煉壓縮成了40分鐘。
表示「高粱」，英文解釋為「a type of grain grown in hot countries」。
表示「節日的；喜慶的；歡樂的」，英文解釋為「having or producing happy and enjoyable feelings suitable for a festival or other special occasion」如：a festive mood/occasion 節日氣氛/喜慶場合。
表示「酒精飲料」，英文解釋為「an alcoholic drink」舉個🌰：
What's your tipple?(= What alcoholic drink do you usually drink?)
你喝什麼酒？
It's especially popular during celebrations for the Lunar New Year, when shot glasses filled with the potent spirit are thrown back and slammed down on the table in endless rounds of toasts.
在農曆新年慶祝活動中，這種酒尤其受歡迎，在無休止的敬酒中，酒杯裝滿烈性酒，一杯杯被喝下，並砸在了桌子上。
A shot glass is a glass originally designed to hold or measure spirits or liquor, which is either imbibed straight from the glass ("a shot") or poured into a cocktail ("a drink"). An alcoholic beverage served in a shot glass and typically consumed quickly, in one gulp, may also be known as a "shooter".
🍸shot本身作名詞，熟詞僻義，可以指「少量飲料；（尤指）少量烈酒」，英文解釋為「a small amount of a drink, especially a strong alcoholic one」如：a shot of whisky 一點威士忌。
potent /ˈpəʊtənt/ 表示「強有力的，強大的；有效力的」，英文解釋為「very powerful, forceful, or effective」舉個🌰：
This is a very potent drug and can have unpleasant side-effects.
該藥效力很強，副作用也不小。
spirit也可以表示「烈酒」，英文解釋為「a strong alcoholic drink」舉個🌰：
I don't drink whisky or brandy or any other spirits.
我不喝威士忌（whisky）和白蘭地（brandy），也不喝其他烈性酒。
throw作動詞本身表示「投；拋；擲；扔」（to send something through the air with force, especially by a sudden movement of the arm），舉個🌰：
My friend threw the ball back over the fence.
我朋友把球從圍欄上擲了回去。
🍸此處顯然不是這個含義。據The Free Dictionary的解釋，throw sth back指的是迅速或一口氣喝下某樣東西，尤指酒精飲料（To drink something very quickly or in one swig, especially an alcoholic beverage），舉個🌰：
I'm not surprised you feel so horrible, judging by the way you were throwing back drinks last night.
從你昨晚喝得爛醉如泥的樣子來看，我並不奇怪你感覺如此可怕。
1）表示「摔；使勁扔」，英文解釋為「If you slam something down, you put it there quickly and with great force.」舉個🌰：
She listened in a mixture of shock and anger before slamming the phone down.
她震驚而氣憤地聽著，隨後啪地掛上電話。
2）表示「嚴厲批評；猛烈抨擊」，英文解釋為「To slam someone or something means to criticize them very severely.」舉個🌰：
The famed filmmaker slammed the claims as "an outrageous lie."
該享有盛名的電影製片人猛烈抨擊這些說法，稱其為「無恥謊言。」
1）作名詞，表示「祝酒；乾杯」，英文解釋為「an expression of good wishes or respect for someone that involves holding up and then drinking from a glass of alcohol, especially wine, after a short speech」舉個🌰：
Champagne corks popped and the guests drank a toast to the happy couple.
香檳酒瓶砰地打開了，客人們舉杯為這對幸福的伉儷乾杯。
🍸比如，G20杭州峰會歡迎宴會上致辭最後提到：Now, please join me in a toast: 現在我提議，大家共同舉杯，
🎬電影《愛你，羅茜》（Love, Rosie）中的臺詞提到：So , please ,everybody , join me in a toast, to the bride and groom. 所以，各位，請和我舉起這杯酒，敬我們的新娘和新郎。2）當然toast也可以直接作動詞，舉個🌰：
We toasted the happy couple.
我們為這對幸福的伉儷乾杯。
"Many (foreigners) find baijiu off-putting, but it's not about the liquor itself," says Bill Isler, co-founder of Beijing's Capital Spirits, the world's first baijiu-themed bar.
「許多（外國人）覺得白酒讓人反感，但這與酒本身無關，」北京的首都酒坊（Capital Spirits）聯合創始人比爾·艾勒（Bill Isler）說，這是世界上第一家以白酒為主題的酒吧。
表示「令人不快的；令人煩惱的，討人厭的」，英文解釋為「slightly unpleasant or worrying so that you do not want to get involved in any way」舉個🌰：
Many customers found the smell of this product distinctly off-putting.
很多顧客覺得該產品的味道特別難聞。
Isler says the drink's fearsome reputation comes from visitors being coerced into excessive drinking by Chinese friends or co-workers -- persuading people to drink is a gesture of generosity and "being a good host," he says.
比爾·艾勒說，這種酒令人生畏的名聲，是因為遊客被中國朋友或同事強迫飲酒過量--他說，勸人喝酒是一種慷慨大方、「做個好主人」的表現。
表示「可怕的，嚇人的」，等同於frightening，如：a fearsome reputation 令人生畏的名聲。
🍸-some構成形容詞，表示「引起（或易於）…的，有...特徵的」，類似的還有：awesome，tiresome，quarrelsome（愛爭吵的）.
coerce /kəʊˈɜːs/ 表示「強制；脅迫；迫使」，英文解釋為「to force someone to do something they do not want to do by threatening them」舉個🌰：
The court heard that the six defendants had been coerced into making a confession.
法庭在審理中發現6名被告曾受到逼供。
But Isler wants to change the way baijiu is regarded and consumed. His bar serves different types of the fiery spirit as well as baijiu cocktails.
但艾勒想改變人們對白酒的看法和消費方式。他的酒吧提供不同類型的烈酒和白酒雞尾酒。
It's a push shared by distillers -- sales of high-end baijiu brands like Moutai have slowed as China has reined in officials' expense accounts as part of an anti-corruption drive.
這也是酒商們共同的努力--隨著中國在反腐行動中對官員開支帳戶的控制，茅臺等高端白酒品牌的銷售已經放緩。
表示「烈酒生產者，烈酒生產商」，英文解釋為「a person or a company that makes strong alcoholic drinks by the process of distilling」。
你沒看錯，茅臺酒的茅臺是：Moutai，而不是Maotai. 甚至說「貴州茅臺」也不是Guizhou Moutai. 而是：KWEICHOW MOUTAI，不信？你看。
🍸據說，這個拼法，稱作威妥瑪式拼音法（Wade-Giles romanization）。
表示「抑制；控制；約束」，英文解釋為「to control an emotion, activity, or situation to prevent it from becoming too powerful」舉個🌰：
Reports today suggest consumers are already reining back spending.
今天發表的調查報告顯示，消費者已經開始控制花銷。
Thanks to China's huge population, baijiu accounts for almost a third of global spirit sales. Euromonitor International, a London-based consultancy, estimated about 5.5 billion liters, or 1.5 billion gallons of baijiu sold last year.
得益於中國龐大的人口，白酒幾乎佔到全球烈酒銷量的三分之一。總部設在倫敦的諮詢公司歐睿（Euromonitor International）估計，去年白酒銷量約為55億升，即15億加侖。
Is baijiu poised to take over the world? 白酒是否準備徵服世界？
There are signs that appreciation for baijiu is starting to spread. 有跡象表明，白酒的受歡迎程度正開始擴大。
1）表示「欣賞；理解；感謝」，英文解釋為「the act of recognizing or understanding that something is valuable, important, or as described」舉個🌰：
He has no appreciation of the finer things in life.
他對生活中高雅點的事物都不懂欣賞。
2）熟詞僻義，表示「（價格，價值等的）上漲，增值」（increase in price, value, etc.）舉個🌰：
There has been little appreciation in the value of property recently.
最近房地產價格幾乎沒有上漲。
Jim Boyce, a Canadian wine expert based in Beijing, is the founder of World Baijiu Day, aimed at promoting the best-selling yet little-known spirit.
在北京的加拿大葡萄酒專家吉姆·博伊斯（Jim Boyce）是「世界白酒日」（World Baijiu Day）的發起人，旨在推廣這種暢銷但鮮為人知的酒。
He said 30 Baijiu Day events were held in 20 cities around the world last year. Dedicated baijiu bars are now found in Liverpool and New York.
他說，去年在全球20個城市舉辦了30場白酒日活動。現在在利物浦和紐約都有專門的白酒酒吧。
表示「專用的，專門的」，英文解釋為「You use dedicated to describe something that is made, built, or designed for one particular purpose or thing.」舉個🌰：
Such areas should also be served by dedicated cycle routes.
這些地區也應該可由自行車專用路線到達。
There are also a growing number of overseas baijiu brands. ByeJoe in the United States, Taizi in New Zealand and Dragon's Mist in Canada are milder versions of China's most eye-watering drink.
海外的白酒品牌也越來越多。美國的ByeJoe、紐西蘭的Taizi和加拿大的Dragon's Mist都是這款中國最受歡迎的飲品的溫和版本。
表示「（在數目方面）令人極度驚訝的；令人痛苦的」，英文解釋為「extremely surprising, because of being great in amount」舉個🌰：
The oil giants' profits are eye-watering.
這些石油巨頭的利潤令人瞠目結舌。
In China, people are experimenting with baijiu too.
在中國，人們也在對白酒進行嘗試。
Seminars are being held on how to pair it with food and some entrepreneurs have developed baijiu-infused ice cream, pizza and gummy bears. A chef in Beijing even created deep-fried baijiu cake.
人們正在舉辦關於如何將其與食物搭配的研討會，一些企業家還開發了白酒冰激凌、披薩和小熊軟糖（gummy bears）。北京的一位廚師甚至製作了油炸白酒蛋糕。
表示「油炸」，英文解釋為「If you deep-fry food, you fry it in a large amount of fat or oil.」舉個🌰：
Heat the oil and deep-fry the fish fillets.
把油加熱後，再油炸魚片。
The government is also promoting baijiu tourism, a Chinese version of a Bordeaux tour in Maotai, Guizhou province.
貴州省茅臺市政府也在推廣白酒旅遊，這是中國版的波爾多（葡萄酒）之旅。
Bordeaux /bɔːrˈdoʊ/ 表示「波爾多葡萄酒（法國波爾多地區產的白葡萄酒或紅葡萄酒）」，英文解釋為「(a type of) red or white wine from the Bordeaux area of France」。
Boyce suggests first timers "compare and contrast" different baijiu styles side by side.
博伊斯建議初來乍到者將不同風格的白酒並排「對比」。
表示「肩並肩地；一個挨一個地」，英文解釋為「next to each other」舉個🌰：
The children sat side by side on the sofa watching television.
孩子們肩並肩地坐在沙發上看電視。
🎬電影《遭遇陌生人》（You Will Meet A Tall Dark Stranger）中的臺詞提到：And side by side, I think. They'll be really good side by side. 我覺得並排擺吧 並排擺肯定很好看。
🎬電影《指環王3：王者無敵》（The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King）中的臺詞提到：Never thought that I'd die fighting side by side with an elf. 從來沒想過和一個精靈並肩戰死。
"Just as with a flight of wine or whiskey or tequila, a flight of baijiu is bound to make you think more deeply about smells, tastes and, ultimately, preferences," he says.
「就像品嘗葡萄酒（wine）、威士忌（whiskey）或龍舌蘭酒（tequila）一樣，白酒之旅一定會讓你對氣味、味道以及最終的喜好有更深入的思考，」他說。
1）be bound to表示「一定會；很可能會」，英文解釋為「certain or likely to happen, or to do or be sth」舉個🌰：
There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.
引進新系統後一定會發生變化。
2）bound表示「前往，開往」，英文解釋為「If a vehicle or person is bound for a particular place, they are travelling toward it.」，通常用法：be bound for，舉個🌰：
The train was bound for Hangzhou.
這火車是開往杭州的。
🍸如果你留意的話，坐地鐵時會有這個用法。例如上海地鐵2號線上，經常會聽到的：
🍸本次列車終點站廣蘭路，到浦東國際機場方向的乘客請在廣蘭路換乘。The terminal station is Guanglan Road. You can transfer to the train bound for Pudong International Airport at Guanglan Road."Lots of people assume all baijiu is pretty much the same. Trying different styles side-by-side reveals a great deal of diversity."
「很多人認為所有的白酒都是大同小異。並排嘗試不同風格的白酒，會發現大有不同。」
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