這幾天在網上衝浪，大家有沒有看到這條新聞：
中國白酒英文名改了！
簡單說，就是在中國酒業協會的努力下，海關總署統一將中國白酒的英文名字由「Chinese distilled spirits」更改為「Chinese Baijiu」，並在今年1月1日正式執行修改。
據中國酒業協會介紹，多年來，中國白酒缺乏一個官方準確的英文名稱，造成海外消費者的困擾。在海外，白酒常見的名字就有三個：Chinese spirits（中國白酒）, Chinese distilled spirits（中國蒸餾酒）,Chinese liquor（中國烈酒）。
作為中國的國粹，白酒其實在很多年前就實現了文化輸出。
從2010年起，國際學術期刊就開始廣泛用baijiu作為中國白酒的英文名，全球性的酒類大賽使用的也是baijiu。
2015年，甚至有白酒愛好者將8月9日作為World Baijiu Day——世界白酒節，因為這一天跟白酒的中文發音相近。
外國人提到白酒時，也會直接用「baijiu」。紐約一家飲食文化網站曾經專門撰文，教外國人如何喝白酒。
此時白酒改名，令不少同學立刻回想起去年考四級被白酒支配的恐懼。
去年英語四級考試的原題是這樣的：
考試時白酒還不是「Chinese Baijiu」，光翻譯它就花光了同學們全部力氣。
有人翻譯成 white wine。
white wine在韋氏詞典中的定義：
「a wine ranging in color from faintly yellow to amber that is produced from the juice alone of dark- or light-colored grapes」
一種顏色介於淡黃色和琥珀色之間的葡萄酒，僅用深色或淺色的葡萄釀造。
wine基本義為葡萄酒，所以這裡翻譯成white wine是不正確的。
有人用drink。
drink 也可指酒，但泛指所有含酒精的飲料。
有人靈光一閃，說可以用tea，因為中國人總說「以茶代酒」。
也有人別出心裁，寫了化學方程式：CH3CH2OH。
看到白酒改名的消息，這些同學很委屈，紛紛控訴為啥不早點改名：
換個角度思考，你只是貢獻了一張抓耳撓腮的試卷，判卷老師可是收穫了一生都難忘的回憶。往後老師每次看到白酒，他們腦海裡總會浮現出CH3CH2OH、以tea代酒…..這酒還喝得下去嗎？
近幾年的英語大考，以中國文化為主題的試題大幅增加，去年四級考試試題，除了白酒，還出現了北京烤鴨和茶。
2020年高考英語全國Ⅱ卷完形填空講述了中國春節的裝飾習俗。
中國文化主題試題的增加，拉近了與我們生活的距離，也說明了英語教學在培養青少年文化自信方面扮演著越來越重要的角色。
我國傳統文化博大精深，中醫、武術、漢服、茶道、剪紙等已經成為我們特有的文化符號，如何用英語描述？這裡整理了相關的英語表達，希望以後再考到傳統文化，別再丟分了！
Traditional Chinese Medicine（中醫）
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a coherent health care system of clinical assessment,diagnosis and treatment based on Chinese medical theory and practice. It consists of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Acupuncture and TCM Remedial Massage, as well as dietary therapy and various exercise therapies.
TCM is based on the ideologies of health and disease which were developed in China over thousands of years and codified in modem China. It is the result of clinical observations and experiences, which have been critically appraised,formulated and re-formulated time and again, over centuries of investigation by scholarly physicians. TCM is a system of thought and practice grounded in theories including Yin-Yang and Five Elements philosophy concepts; the theory of Qi, Blood and Body Fluids; the theories of Zang-Fu organs and Channels,flavours and natures of herbs.
中醫是以中醫理論和實踐為基礎，以臨床評價、診斷和治療為一體的醫療保健體系。它包括中草藥、針灸和中醫治療按摩，以及飲食療法和各種運動療法。
中醫學是建立在中國幾千年來發展起來的、現代中國編纂的健康和疾病思想基礎上的。它經過幾個世紀的學術內科醫生的研究，一次又一次地被批判性地評估、制定和重新制定，是臨床觀察和經驗的結果。中醫是以陰陽五行、氣血津液、臟腑經絡、味性等理論為基礎的思想和實踐體系。
Hanfu is a term used for the historical styles of clothing worn by the Han people in China. Traditionally, the hanfu consisted of a robe or shirt worn as the upper garment,with a pleated skirt commonly worn as the lower garment. Following the Han dynasty, this clothing had developed into a variety of styles utilising fabrics that encompassed a number of complex textile production techniques, particularly those used to produce silk.
漢服是中國漢族人服飾的古代服飾的術語。按照傳統，漢服是長袍或長衫為上裝，以褶裙為下裝。漢朝以後，由於織物材料的豐富，紡織技術的進步，尤其是絲綢製造技術的出現，漢服發展出許多風格。
Tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants and boiled water. Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods. Chinese tea is consumed throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water or for simple pleasure.
The practice of drinking tea has a long history in China, having originated there. Although tea originated in China, during the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from ancient China. According to legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 BC when a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into water the emperor was boiling. Tea is deeply woven into the history and culture of China. The beverage is considere done of the seven necessities of Chinese life, along with firewood,rice, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar.
茶是用茶葉和開水製成的飲料。茶葉用中國傳統方法加工。中國茶可全天飲用，包括吃飯時，也可作取代清水怡情。
喝茶的習慣起源於中國，在中國有著悠久的歷史。雖然茶起源於中國，但在唐代，茶通常指用中國古法加工的茶葉。據傳說，中國上古帝王神農在公元前2737年發現了茶葉，當時一片葉子從附近的灌木上落到神農煮沸的水裡。茶融入了中國的歷史和文化。這種飲料與木柴、大米、油、鹽、醬油和醋一起被認為是中國人生活的七大必需品之一。
Chinese martial arts（中國武術）
Chinese martial arts, often named under the umbrella terms kung fu or wushu are several hundred fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in China. These fighting styles are often classified according to common traits, identified as"families" of martial arts. Examples of such traits include Shaolinquan which inspired by Old Chinese philosophies, religions and legends. Styles that focus on qi manipulation are called internal , while others that concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness are called external.
中國武術， 「功夫」或「武術」的總稱，是幾個世紀以來，在中國發展起來的上百種格鬥技術。這些格鬥風格通常根據其特點來分類，被稱為「派」。突出的例子有受中國古老哲學、宗教和傳說啟發的少林拳。注重氣的修煉的武術被稱為內功，而專注於肌肉和心血管健康訓練的武術被稱為外功。
The art of paper cutting in China may date back to the second century CE,since paper was invented by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. As paper became more affordable, paper-cutting became one of the most important types of Chinese folk art. Later, this art form spread to other parts of the world, with different regions adopting their own cultural styles. Because the cut-outs are often used to decorate doors and windows, they are sometimes referred to as window flowers or window paper-cuts. People glued the papercuts to the exterior of windows, so the light from the inside would shine through the negative space of the cutout. Usually,the artworks are made of red paper, as red is associated with festivities and happiness in Chinese culture, but other colours were also used. Normally paper-cutting artwork is used on festivals like Spring Festival, weddings and childbirth. Papercuts always symbolize luck and happiness.
中國的剪紙藝術可以追溯到公元二世紀，公元二世紀左右，中國東漢的蔡倫發明了紙。隨著人們買得起紙，剪紙成為最重要的一種中國民間藝術。後來，這種藝術傳播到世界其他地方，不同地區的人們加入了當地文化風格。這些剪紙經常被用來裝飾門窗，所以有時被稱為窗花或窗花剪紙。人們把剪紙粘在窗戶外面，這樣光線就可以透過剪紙的空隙透進來。一般來說，剪紙採用紅紙，因為在中國文化中，紅色代表喜慶和幸福，但也會使用其他顏色的材料。因為剪紙象徵著幸運和幸福，所以人們在通常在春節、婚禮和生子等喜慶日子貼剪紙。