研究揭示熱帶生物多樣性熱點的演變
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/12/12 20:57:35
美國德克薩斯大學Michael G. Harvey等研究人員揭示出熱帶生物多樣性熱點的演變。這一研究成果於2020年12月11日發表在國際學術期刊《科學》上。
研究人員利用數十年的野外工作收集的樣本來研究了最大熱帶鳥類輻射(suboscine passerines)的多樣化。 這些系統發育是根據來自1287個物種的1940隻個體的2389個基因組區域數據進行估算的,這揭示了新熱帶地區suboscine 物種的峰值多樣性與近期的物種形成率無關,而是與物種隨時間的逐漸積累有關。
矛盾的是,物種形成率最高的是物種多樣性較低地區的血統,這些地區通常是寒冷、乾燥、不穩定的環境。這些結果揭示了一個模型,即:物種在極端環境中的形成速度更快,但在溫和環境中卻積累起來,形成熱帶生物多樣性熱點。
據了解,熱帶是大多數生物多樣性的來源,但抽樣不足掩蓋了有關這種多樣性如何演變的答案。
附:英文原文
Title: The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot
Author: Michael G. Harvey, Gustavo A. Bravo, Santiago Claramunt, Andrés M. Cuervo, Graham E. Derryberry, Jaqueline Battilana, Glenn F. Seeholzer, Jessica Shearer McKay, Brian C. O』Meara, Brant C. Faircloth, Scott V. Edwards, Jorge Pérez-Emán, Robert G. Moyle, Frederick H. Sheldon, Alexandre Aleixo, Brian Tilston Smith, R. Terry Chesser, Luís Fábio Silveira, Joel Cracraft, Robb T. Brumfield, Elizabeth P. Derryberry
Issue&Volume: 2020/12/11
Abstract: The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1287 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6970
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6522/1343
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037