新東方網>英語>英語學習>職場英語>職場百科>正文
職場英語：女性的領導力或比男性更強
2017-04-28 11:16
來源：經濟學人
作者：
ONE by one, the glittering prizes are falling to women. General Motors, IBM, PepsiCo, Lockheed Martin and DuPont are among a couple of dozen giant American companies with female bosses. Oxford University is about to follow the footsteps of Harvard and appoint its first female leader. Women still have an enormous way to go: the New York Times points out that more big American firms are run by men called John than by women. But the trend is clear: women now make up more than 50% of university graduates and of new hires by big employers.
一個接一個，閃耀的光環正好落在了女性頭上。通用汽車、IBM、百事、洛克希德·馬丁和杜邦等幾十家美國巨頭企業的現任老闆都是女性。牛津大學即將跟隨哈佛大學的腳步，任命第一位女校長。但女性仍然有很長的路要走：據《紐約時報》指出，美國的大公司中，光是叫約翰的男老闆就比女老闆的總數多。但趨勢一目了然：在大學畢業生和大公司新聘的職員中，女性人數已經超過一半。
Will this growing cadre of female bosses manage any differently from men? Forty years ago feminists would have found the very question demanding. Pioneers such as Margaret Thatcher argued that women could and would do the same job as men, if given a chance. But today some management scholars argue that women excel in the leadership qualities most valued in modern firms.
由女老闆組成的骨幹隊伍在不斷壯大。她們對企業的管理與男性會有任何不同嗎?40年前，女權主義者會覺得這樣的問題很貶低人。瑪格麗特柴契爾這類先鋒曾主張，如果給予女性機會，她們能勝任也願意做與男性同樣的工作。但今天，一些管理學者認為，在現代企業最為重視的領袖特質上，女性更勝一籌。
Those who say women are better suited to taking charge of today’s companies also lean on two other arguments. The first is that women are better at 「androgynous」 management-that is, combining supposedly 「male」 and 「female」 characteristics into a powerful mixture. This is particularly valuable in business undergoing great upheaval, which need a combination of command-and-control and caring-and-sharing. The second is that women differ from men not so much in their leadership style as in the values that they bring to the job. They are much more influenced by compassion and fairness than men.
那些認為女性更適合掌管當今企業的人還依賴另兩個觀點。首先是女性更擅長「中性化」管理，即把一般認為屬於「男性」或「女性」的特徵合併成一種強大的混合物。在正經歷巨變的企業中，這尤其有用，因為這些企業需要指令控制型和關懷分享型領導的結合。其次，女性和男性在給他們的工作帶來價值上的差異要多於他們在領導風格上的差異。同情心和公平公正對女性的影響遠多於對男性的影響。
That leads to the second consideration: that both male and female managers are perfectly capable of adapting their leadership styles to meet changing circumstances. Male managers are increasingly embracing a collaborative approach to leadership, as they adapt to a society that has become less deferential. In a 2013 study of 917 managers in Norway-a country that has led the way in female-friendly policies, from board quotas to public child care-Ann Grethe Solberb, a sociologist, concluded that: 「Men and women don’t have different styles of leadership.」
這就導向了第二種考察：男性和女性主管都很善於調整自己的領導風格來適應變化的環境。男性主管正在適應一個不再那麼講究恭敬順從的社會，他們越來越多地採納協作的領導方式。2013年，社會學家安妮·格雷特·索爾貝格(Anne Grethe Solberg)在一項對挪威917名主管的調研中總結道：「男性和女性的領導風格並無不同。」從董事會的女性比例到公共兒童保健等等，挪威在女性友好政策上都走在世界的前列。
（編輯：何瑩瑩）
名稱名稱
微信掃碼關注"新東方網"服務號
回復""立刻獲取！
版權及免責聲明
① 凡本網註明"稿件來源：新東方"的所有文字、圖片和音視頻稿件，版權均屬新東方教育科技集團（含本網和新東方網） 所有，任何媒體、網站或個人未經本網協議授權不得轉載、連結、轉貼或以其他任何方式複製、發表。已經本網協議授權的媒體、網站，在下載使用時必須註明"稿件來源：新東方"，違者本網將依法追究法律責任。
② 本網未註明"稿件來源：新東方"的文/圖等稿件均為轉載稿，本網轉載僅基於傳遞更多信息之目的，並不意味著贊同轉載稿的觀點或證實其內容的真實性。如其他媒體、網站或個人從本網下載使用，必須保留本網註明的"稿件來源"，並自負版權等法律責任。如擅自篡改為"稿件來源：新東方"，本網將依法追究法律責任。
③ 如本網轉載稿涉及版權等問題，請作者見稿後在兩周內速來電與新東方網聯繫，電話：010-60908555。