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Laden with hefty backpacks, French children filed back to school this week amid fresh agonising about the education system. Given its reputation for rigour and secular egalitarianism, and its well-regarded baccalaureat exam, this is surprising. What do the French think is wrong?
Quite a lot, to judge from a 30-page "letter to teachers" just sent by President Nicolas Sarkozy. Too many school drop-outs; not enough respect or authority in the classroom ( pupils, he says, should stand up when the teacher enters ); too little value placed on the teaching profession: too little art and sport in the curriculums; too much passive rote-learning: and too much "theory and abstraction". France, the president concludes, needs "to rebuild the foundations" of its education system.
The criticisms touch all levels. A government-commissioned report reveals that two in five pupils leave primary school with "serious learning gaps" in basic reading, writing and arithmetic. One in five finish secondary school with no qualification at all. Even the baccalaure is under attack. This year's pass rate of 83% is up from just over 60% in the early 1960s. "The bac is worth absolutely nothing." asserts Jean-Robert Pitte, president of the Sorbonne-University of Paris IV.
The bac is not under review, but other changes have begun. Xavier Darcos, the education minister, has loosened school-catchment rules, to allow children from poor areas to get places in good schools elsewhere. He has set up an after-hours service for lower secondary schools, to supervise homework and keep kids off the streets. Mr. Sarkozy has established a commission under Michel Rocard, a former prime minister and yet another of his recruits from the left, to look into the teaching profession—and perhaps to soften up the unions before less palatable changes.
Some hard questions remain. France's rigorous system suits able pupils: half of all 15-year-olds match the standards in writing, maths and science of the very best performers in the rich-country OECD. But schools fail the weakest. The bottom 15% of French 15-year-olds rank among the OECD's worst. The main cure for struggling pupils is redoublement, the repeat of a school year. By the age of 15, 38% of French pupils have repeated a year, more than in any other OECD country. Yet an official report suggests that redoublement has no noticeable effect on a child's progress.
（選自 The Economist）
1. What's the present situation of French education system?
A. Some of the students suffered from the education system.
B. The teaching quality is not up to the standard.
C. The education system is so strict that breed some side effects.
D. It is just famous for the long-term equality.
2. What can we learn from President Nicolas Sarkozy's "letter to teachers"?
A. A small portion of students couldn't keep up with other students in primary school.
B. The subjects in school fail in the balance of arrangement.
C. The education system is extremely bad.
D. The baccalaureate exam is worthless.
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Teachers are tyrants in class.
B. The baccalaureate exam is appraised every year.
C. The district confined system of selecting schools has become loose.
D. The after-hours service set up by the education minister is applied to all schools.
4. The last paragraph is to transmit the information that .
A. Education in OECD country is of first rate
B. More French students have a repeated year than those in OECD countries.
C. Pupils may have a transparent improvement if they have redoublement.
D. Redoublement seems no best way to help the most unqualified students effectively.
5. The word "agonizing" in the first paragraph can be interpreted as .
A. afflict
B. contempt
C. esteem
D. detest
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（上下滑動查看單詞）
amid [əˈmɪd]
prep. 在……中
agonise ['ægənaɪz]
vi. 煩惱，掙扎
profession [prəˈfeʃn]
n. 職業，專業，表白，宣布
noticeable [ˈnəʊtɪsəbl]
adj. 顯而易見的，值得注意的
curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm]
n. 課程
hefty [ˈhefti]
adj. 重的，肌肉發達的
foundation [faʊnˈdeɪʃn]
n. 基礎，根本，建立，創立，地基，基金，基金會
egalitarianism [ɪˌɡælɪ'teərɪənɪzəm]
adj. 平等主義的
n. 平等主義
commission [kəˈmɪʃn]
n. 委任，委託代辦（權），代理（權），犯（罪）
vt. 委任，任命，委託
arithmetic [əˈrɪθmətɪk]
n. 算術，算法
catchment ['kætʃmənt]
n. 集水，集水處（水庫或集水盆地）
supervise [ˈsu:pəvaɪz]
vt. 監督，管理，指導
palatable [ˈpælətəbl]
adj. 美味的；可接受的
rigorous [ˈrɪgərəs]
adj. 嚴格的，嚴厲的，嚴酷的，嚴峻的
redoublement [rɪdʌblmətn]
n. 加倍，增強
rank [ræŋk]
n. 等級，階級
adj. 繁茂的，討厭的，下流的
vt. 排列，把……分等
vi. 列為
1. Mr Sarkozy has established a commission under Michel Rocard, a former prime minister and yet another of his recruits from the left, to look into the teaching profession—and perhaps to soften up the unions before less palatable changes.
結構分析：本句是一個簡單句。主幹結構是Mr·Sarkozy has established a commission；a former prime ministe是作 Michel Rocard的同位語；後面是兩個並列的不定式短語作目的狀語。
參考譯文：薩科齊先生專門建立了一個由米歇爾·羅卡爾一法國政府前總理負責的委員會，其成員還包括薩科齊從法國左翼政黨招進來的成員。米歇爾·羅卡爾負責對教師職業做一些調查，很可能是在做出不盡如人意改變之前的對教9幣聯合會採取的安撫措施。
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