2015年4月7日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,來自美國的科學家在國際學術期刊plos pathogens在線發表了他們的最新研究進展,他們發現低劑量的抗腫瘤藥物甲磺酸伊馬替尼(Imatinib mesylate)能夠促進骨髓組織生成,增強造血功能,並且該過程對於幫助機體清除病原微生物具有重要作用。這項研究表明抗腫瘤藥物Imatinib可能在清除病原體感染方面具有潛在臨床應用價值。
甲磺酸伊馬替尼(Imatinib mesylate)是一種治療慢性髓細胞白血病和胃腸道間質瘤的抗腫瘤藥物,它能夠通過抑制Abl1,c-kit和相關的酪氨酸蛋白激酶(PTK)發揮抗腫瘤作用。Imatinib同時還能夠有效對抗多種病原體,其中包括致病性分歧桿菌,利用低劑量的Imatinib就可有效降低小鼠體內的細菌接種量。
研究人員發現低劑量的Imatinib可以有效清除分歧桿菌感染,而且所用的Imatinib劑量比癌症治療的劑量低10倍。研究人員認為,Imatinib能夠模擬感染狀態下的一種生理性固有免疫應答--"應急造血",在這一過程中,Imatinib可以誘導骨髓中造血幹細胞和前體細胞的分化,增強造血功能但不會促進淋巴細胞增殖,同時還可以增加血液和脾臟中的髓細胞的數量,造血幹細胞和多能祖細胞會迅速擴張並分化為成熟粒細胞,進而遷移到外周位點。研究人員通過實驗證明,祖細胞的分化依賴於Imatinib對c-kit的部分抑制作用,這表明c-kit能夠控制造血過程的最早期階段。因此,利用低劑量Imatinib模擬生理性抗病原體免疫應答或可幫助機體清除不同的病原微生物。
這項研究發現了低劑量Imatinib能夠促進骨髓組織生成,增強造血功能,同時對於幫助機體清除病原微生物具有重要作用,因此Imatinib可能具有更廣泛的臨床用途,有待於進一步開發研究。(生物谷Bioon.com)
Low Doses of Imatinib Induce Myelopoiesis and Enhance Host Anti-microbial Immunity
Ruth J. Napier , Brian A. Norris , Alyson Swimm, Cynthia R. Giver, Wayne A. C. Harris, Julie Laval, Brooke A. Napier, Gopi Patel, Ryan Crump, Zhenghong Peng, William Bornmann, Bali Pulendran, R. Mark Buller, David S. Weiss, Rabindra Tirouvanziam, Edmund K. Waller, Daniel Kalman
Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) inhibits Abl1, c-Kit, and related protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and serves as a therapeutic for chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Imatinib also has efficacy against various pathogens, including pathogenic mycobacteria, where it decreases bacterial load in mice, albeit at doses below those used for treating cancer. We report that imatinib at such low doses unexpectedly induces differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors in the bone marrow, augments myelopoiesis but not lymphopoiesis, and increases numbers of myeloid cells in blood and spleen. Whereas progenitor differentiation relies on partial inhibition of c-Kit by imatinib, lineage commitment depends upon inhibition of other PTKs. Thus, imatinib mimics "emergency hematopoiesis," a physiological innate immune response to infection. Increasing neutrophil numbers by adoptive transfer sufficed to reduce mycobacterial load, and imatinib reduced bacterial load ofFranciscella spp., which do not utilize imatinib-sensitive PTKs for pathogenesis. Thus, potentiation of the immune response by imatinib at low doses may facilitate clearance of diverse microbial pathogens.