文章導讀
隨著美國疫情愈演愈烈,美國人的焦慮也日益上升。
第一段:作者指出伴隨著人們焦慮情緒的上升,各類宣稱對預防新冠肺炎有奇效的狗皮膏藥也層出不窮;
第二段及第三段:切入本篇主題,即如何用靠譜的方法提高免疫力,從而預防各類感染。
文章精讀
How to Boost Your Immunity
Some simple, practical steps can raise your resistance to viruses
一些簡單實用的方法可以提高你的抗病毒能力
By Claudia Wallis on July 17, 2020
1. boost v.提高,增強
●此處boost相當於improve, strengthen, promote, enhance,build up
●boost還可作名詞,同樣表示「提高,增強」
Passing the driving test is a great boost to her confidence.通過了駕照考試極大地增強了她的自信。
2. practical adj.實用的,切實可行的
She has lots of interesting ideas, but they&39;s actually widely acknowledged in both science and the medical industry that ionic silver(銀離子)kills coronaviruses.」 Um, no.
4. travel together 與...同行
此處表示「恐懼與詐騙往往同時發生」
5. promise v. 承諾,保證
●「bogus nostrums promising protection from...」中的promising與後文的「companies promoting false claims...」中的promoting用法一致,同為現在分詞做後置定語,相當於一個定語從句,前者相當於bogus nostrums which promise protection from...,表示「承諾能夠預防...的狗皮膏藥」,後者相當於companies which promote false claims...,表示「宣傳虛假藥效的公司」
6. claim n.聲明
●claim作名詞還可表示「索賠」
Claims for unemployment benefits have surged as cononavirus forces many layoffs由於新冠病毒導致很多人失去工作,領取失業救濟的人數激增。
●claim作動詞表示「聲稱,索取,奪走」
These weight-losing pills are claimed to be very effective.據說這些減肥藥很有效。
One can claim on car insurance if there &39;t smoke. Cigarette smokers are much more vulnerable to respiratory(呼吸系統的)infections. Second, make sure you are covering all your nutritional bases with a wide variety of vegetables, fruits and other elements of a healthy diet. 「Eating an optimal diet reduces the risk of getting an infection and reduces the severity of infections,」 says Wafaie Fawzi, professor of nutrition, epidemiology(流行病學)and global health at Harvard University&39;t make the cover of the tin fit on.我無法把這罐頭的蓋子蓋上。
She read this book from cover to cover.她從頭到尾讀完了這本書。
17. nutritional adj.營養的
nutrition表示「營養」這個抽象概念;nutritious表示食物有「營養的」,比如nutritious food「有營養的食物」;nutritional表示事物的性質,即與營養相關的,比如the nutritional value of this drink這種飲料的營養價值;nutrient為「營養物質」
18. optimal adj.最佳的
an optimal diet相當於前文的a healthy diet
19. severity n.嚴重性
Forest fires are increasing in frequency and severity in recent years during to climate change. 氣候變化使得近年來森林火災愈加頻繁且嚴重。
●severity還可表示「嚴格,嚴肅」
This teacher always speaks with severity.這位老師說話總是很嚴厲。
The criminal was punished with severity.罪犯受到嚴懲。
●形容詞severe,表示「嚴重的,嚴厲的,嚴峻的」,如severe mental disorder嚴重的精神病;severe criticism嚴厲的批評;a severe test嚴峻的考驗
20. adequate adj.足夠的
段落翻譯:首先,不要抽菸。抽菸的人更容易出現呼吸系統感染。其次,確保飲食健康,要攝入各類蔬菜、水果及其他食物以保證充足的營養。哈佛大學陳曾熙公共衛生學院營養學、流行病學和全球健康教授Wafaie Fawzi表示:「健康的飲食方式可以降低感染的風險及感染的嚴重程度」。此外,養成良好的睡眠衛生習慣,這樣有利於你保證充足的睡眠。另外,定期鍛鍊,除提高免疫力,健康鍛鍊也有助於睡眠。