欄目介紹
大家好,這次給大家帶來的是高考的常客,高頻詞彙account。有個小朋友說每次碰到這個詞都要「裂開」,那今天讓我們來好好和它算算「帳」。
圖片來自網絡| 隱秘的角落
該詞的核心部分為count,前綴「a」表「to」, 起強調作用。真正具有涵義的是後面的count部分。因此,account的核心可以概括成算→記→述。(注意記帳的邏輯是先數好→記下→描述)
根據《上海市高中英語考綱詞彙》account需要掌握的釋義有:
n.記述,陳述;理由;解釋;帳(目);帳戶
vi.報帳;提出理由(for)
我們來場景化記憶:
我來和你算算帳,聽我解釋帳戶的帳目不對的理由。
圖片來自網絡 | 櫻桃小丸子
account中count和compute是有極大關係的,compute就是我們用的computer的動詞形式,中文譯為了"電腦",頗有比喻義,英語較為直接,字面上看便是」會計算的東西「。從下圖我們可以看到count就是從拉丁語computus演變而來。
account的演化 | etymonline.com
回到account,13世紀該詞用於記算收入和支出的錢。14世紀有了報帳之意。14世紀中葉有了陳述或解釋事實之意。16世紀表示在商業交易中的所需的記錄,之後有了我們現在接觸最多的涵義就是帳戶。
●give an account of ... (給某人描述 )
The witness gave a detailed account of the accident.
●on account of (因為)
The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.
●on no account (決不)*需要倒裝
On no account should you leave the door unlocked.
●account for sth (1.解釋;2.對...負責;3.佔比)
1.The differences in achievement are partly accounted for differences in age.
2.Ministers should be called to account for the accident.
3.Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.
●take sth into account(把某事考慮進去)
What should be taken into account when deciding the way of supervision over the child?
(寫作也可以多用其被動形式,主動我們也可以用 take account of)
保存思維導圖方便複習:
account | 思維導圖
【18年高考上海卷】
M: I am sorry to hear that,ma'am. Can I have your name and account number,please?
W:Yes, it's GS(女生的名字)and my account number is 854452.
聽力中考查了account number 表」帳號「之意,當然後面的數字也需要高度集中注意力。此外,這裡的"ma'am"表示女士。
【16年高考上海卷】
He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste.
【17年高考上海卷】
Yahoo! is giving users the option to associate their mobile phone with an account, had have a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to 36 on.
17年account依然考查帳戶之意。16年考查了"take sth into account" 搭配。這裡的sth較長放到了後面即"the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste" ,表示設計師應該把這些考慮進去。
He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of €40 more per day than French tourist as a(n) _____32_____ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint.
19年再次出現了」take sth into account「 搭配。值得一說的是後面提到了」carbon footprint」, 讓學生理解的難度陡然上升,根據Wikipedia,其定義為:「A carbon footprint is the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an individual, event, organization, service, or product, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent.」 。文章表達了比起法國遊客,日本遊客雖消費更多,但未考慮到他們遠道而來造成更高的碳排放這一因素。
【15年浦東高三二模】
公司在錄用新人時,應考慮其能力和工作經驗等在內因素,而不應該考慮其外貌及家庭背景。(independent)
參考譯文:When employing a new staff member, a company should take into account his or her ability and work experience, independent of his or her appearance or family background.
(take into consideration也可以)
【18年嘉定高三二模】
絕不能任由困難打倒你,因為你永遠不知道你離成功有多近。(account)
參考譯文:On no account can you let any difficulties beat you because you can never know how close you may be to success.
(注意倒裝,under no circumstances/in no case/ by no means這些表示「絕不」的短語用於句都需要注意倒裝)
本期加入了相關詞彙的拓展記憶板塊(附在了最後),以圖片的方式也方便隨時存閱。對於語言學習而言,規律地複習比高效地習得也許更為重要。最後以小李子的話結束本期:「To make each day count.」 Jack很好地詮釋了帳戶上有多少錢不重要,有一技之長,有一人去愛才count.
To make each day count | Titanic
附:拓展記憶圖
考備不走樣 | scratch (2)
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