縮短壽命、皮膚老化、精神疾病……近日空氣汙染又添了「一宗罪」：導致脫髮。新研究發現，汙染空氣中的顆粒物會導致人類頭皮上促進頭發生長、防止脫髮的幾種蛋白質水平下降。如果無矽油洗髮水也挽救不了你的髮際線，不如考慮搬家去空氣清新的地方。
If you’re worried about your receding hairline and you live in a city, you might want to consider moving, as scientists have found exposure to high levels of air pollution may be linked to hair loss.
如果你為髮際線後退而煩惱而你又住在城市裡，你可能要考慮搬家了，因為科學家發現，重度汙染的環境也許和脫髮有關。
New research presented at the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Congress in Madrid found particulate matter (PM) – that is present in polluted air – could impact both hair growth and retention.
在馬德裡舉行的歐洲皮膚病與性病學會年會上發表的這項新研究發現，汙染空氣中的顆粒物會影響頭發生長，引起脫髮。
The team took cells, known as dermal papilla, from the base of hair follicles on the human scalp and then exposed them to the polluted air. They used various concentrations of PM10-like fine dust and diesel particulate extract (found naturally in areas with high use of vehicles).
研究團隊將人類頭皮毛囊基底中提取的毛乳頭細胞暴露在汙染空氣中。他們採用了不同濃度的微塵(直徑大於等於10微米的顆粒物，簡稱PM10)和柴油顆粒提取物(從車輛使用率高的地區天然提取)來模擬汙染空氣。
Then, 24 hours later, they tested the samples to detect whether specific hair-growth proteins in the cells had changed at all.
24小時後，研究人員測試了樣本，以檢測細胞中和頭發生長有關的特定蛋白質是否發生了變化。
Researchers found the presence of PM10 and diesel particulate decreased levels of the protein responsible for hair growth – beta-catenin – and morphogenesis.
研究人員發現，PM10和柴油顆粒物的存在降低了促進頭發生長的蛋白質——連環蛋白的水平，阻礙了形態發生。
morphogenesis[,mɔrfə'dʒɛnəsɪs]: n. [胚] 形態發生
Morphogenesis is the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape. It is one of three fundamental aspects of developmental biology.
形態發生是導致有機體成形的生物過程，是發育生物學的三個基本方面之一。
According to the study, the levels of three other proteins which are responsible for hair growth and hair retention – cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2 – were also decreased.
研究指出，促進頭發生長、防止脫髮的其他三種蛋白質——細胞周期蛋白D1、細胞周期蛋白E和細胞周期素依賴性激酶2——水平也下降了。
This meant that the greater the level of pollutant, the greater the decrease in proteins was found. This is one of the first studies to look at the link between pollution and baldness.
這意味著汙染越嚴重，這些蛋白質水平就下降得越快。這是首批對汙染和禿頭之間聯繫展開調查的研究之一。
Hyuk Chul Kwon from the Future Science Research Centre in South Korea, said: 「While the link between air pollution and serious diseases such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well established, there is little to no research on the effect of particulate matter exposure on the human skin, and hair in particular.
來自韓國未來科學研究中心的權玄哲說：「儘管空氣汙染和癌症、慢性阻塞性肺病和心血管疾病等重疾之間的聯繫已經確立，但汙染空氣中的顆粒物對於人類皮膚、尤其是人類頭髮的影響卻鮮有研究涉及。」
"Our research explains the mode of action of air pollutants on human follicle dermal papilla cells, showing how the most common air pollutants lead to hair loss.」
「我們的研究解釋了空氣汙染物對於人類毛囊中毛乳頭細胞的作用方式，顯示出最常見的空氣汙染物是如何引起脫髮的。」