最近,「地攤經濟」一詞火遍全網。為提高居民消費意願和能力,多省市為流動商販經營提供便利條件,放開「地攤經濟」。
誰能想到
繼全民網課之後
後疫情時代的中國
居然掀起了全民擺攤的風潮
這兩天,關於擺地攤的討論非常熱烈一夜之間,被各種「擺攤」的新聞刷屏人人都想當企業家攤主那麼你知道「擺攤」英語怎麼說嗎?
先來看一段媒體報導。
Cities around China started allowing people to set up roadside booths or food stalls on streets on a regular basis over the weekend.
國內多個城市開始允許在周末定期擺設路邊攤或排擋。
The vendors had been banned to keep the cities clean, and their return is expected to help increase people's incomes and revive local economies hit hard by the novel coronavirus outbreak.
此前,各地為保持市政整潔禁止擺攤。如今,地攤的回歸有望幫助人們增加收入,並重振受到疫情重創的地方經濟。
On Saturday, the cultural-ethical civilization committee office of Changchun, capital of Jilin province, announced that it would encourage and support the opening of night markets and temporarily lift a ban on roadside markets.
5月30日,長春市城市管理委員會宣布,將支持鼓勵夜市開放,暫時解除路邊市場禁令。
Night markets and food stalls can be opened in designated areas in parks, public squares and empty spaces as long as they don't interrupt traffic and local life. They also have to pass environmental protection assessments, the office said.
該委員會表示,允許利用有條件的公園、廣場、空場,在不擾民、不影響交通、不影響市民休閒、不汙染環境的前提下,開辦夜市、排檔。
從上文中我們可以看到,「夜市「可譯為 night markets,「排檔」可譯為 food stalls 。「地攤」可以用 roadside booths/ stalls 來表達;另外,還有一個詞「stand」也經常用來表示攤位。
根據柯林斯詞典,booth 的釋義為:
① A booth is a small area separated from a larger public area by screens or thin walls where, for example, people can make a telephone call or vote in private. 小隔間;電話亭;投票間
② A booth is a restaurant or café consists of a table with long fixed seats on two or sometimes three sides of it. (餐廳或咖啡館中的)雅座,火車座
③ A booth is a small tent or stall, usually at a fair, in which you can buy goods or watch some form of entertainment. (通常設在集市的)娛樂棚,售貨攤
④ A booth is a stall at an exhibition, for example with a display of goods for sale or with information leaflets. (展會的)展亭,展位
由此可見,booth可指一個小隔間,或兩面、三面圍起來的小空間,有點類似於電話亭,指的是在公眾場合用一層薄薄的牆圍出來的一種小隔間、展位:更加偏重半開放的,有棚子的攤位。
根據牛津詞典,stall 的釋義為:
① a table or small shop with an open front that people sell things from, especially at a market stand 貨攤,攤位,售貨亭(尤指集市上的)
② a section inside a farm building that is large enough for one animal to be kept in 牲畜棚;馬廄;牛棚
③ a small area in a room, surrounded by glass, walls, etc., that contains a shower or toilet (房間內的)小隔間,淋浴室,洗手間
牛津詞典裡面同時提供了一張圖片,用紅色圈出來的位置就是一個 market stall 市集攤位了。
可見,stall一般側重於集市(夜市)集中的攤位。我們的夜市上的攤位就可以叫stall。
(圖片來源:視覺中國)
另外,stall做動詞時表示暫停、推後、拖延、熄火等,用法也比較常見,如:
Negotiations remained stalled yesterday in New York.
昨天在紐約進行的談判依然陷於停滯狀態。
根據柯林斯詞典,stand 的釋義:
A stand is a small shop or stall, outdoors or in a large public building. (設在戶外或大型公眾建築物內的)小店,售貨攤
例如:
She bought a hot dog from a stand on a street corner.
她從街角的小攤上買了個熱狗。
He ran a newspaper stand outside the American Express office.
他在美國運通公司辦公大樓外經營一家報攤。
與booth和stall相比,stand 更側重於獨立攤位。stand更側重於設在戶外的小店、售貨攤,聽起來似乎可以指更簡單的小鋪子。
或者直接在地上鋪一塊布,上面放著各種零零碎碎的小商品。比如騰訊公司的這種地攤招聘。
擺地攤,也就是在街邊賣東西,如果是名詞在英語中用 street vending 來表示。
vend:出售,售賣 比如:vending machine自動售賣機
例如:
Is street vending legal?
另一方面,作為動詞,擺地攤也可以理解為運營一個攤位,即 run a stall。
Run~sth to be in charge of a business 管理,經營
例如:
Running a street stall is fashionable right now.
擺地攤現在是件流行的事情。
I'm planning to start my roadside stall business.
我正在計劃開始我的路邊攤生意。
也可以用set up
The laid-off worker set up a vegetable stall in the morning market.這位下崗工人在早市上擺起了一個菜攤。
擺攤裝備:
Vending Cart(售貨車)、Snack Cart(小吃車)、Food Truck(餐車)
攤主,也就是我們經常說的小販,在英文中有幾種常見的說法:stall-keeper,vendor、peddler,這幾個單詞的意思也是有細微區別的。
vendor 的牛津詞典釋義:
a person who sells things, for example food or newspapers, usually outside on the street 小販;攤販
vendor 一般指有固定攤位的商販。
street vendors 街頭小販;大排檔
(圖片來源:人民視覺)
Street vendors are returning to cities as the authorities unveiled supportive policies, aiming to help increase people’s incomes and revive the economy hit by the COVID-19 outbreak.
相關部門頒布了扶持政策,街頭小販們重新回到城市,目的在於增加人們的收入、復甦被COVID-19爆發所影響的經濟。
peddler(也作pedlar)的牛津詞典釋義:
a person who in the past travelled from place to place trying to sell small objects (舊時的)流動小販
peddler 指的是沿街叫賣的、流動性的小販,有一定的貶義色彩。
drug peddler 毒品販子
● hawker [ˈhɔːkər] 沿街叫賣者、 上門推銷員
例句:All manner of hawkers and street sellers were plying their trade.
疫情爆發之初,很多外媒把中國的「野味市場」翻譯為了「wet market」,顯然是不太準確的。其實「wet market」就是現在我們常說的菜市場,即農貿市場。
所謂「溼貨市場」(wet market),指的是傳統的生鮮市場,其商品主要是各種新鮮的魚、肉、尚未宰殺的雞、家禽等易腐貨物,與乾貨市場(用風乾、晾曬等方法去除了水分的調味品、食品)相對應(常見乾貨有紫菜、辣椒、花椒、茴香、葡萄乾等)。
The investigation indicated that she visited a wet market to buy fresh produce.
調查顯示她每日前往菜市場購買新鮮產品。
今天的內容你學會了嗎?
相關詞彙:
地攤經濟:stall economy
擺/搭起:set up
攤位:stall
路人:passersby
批發市場:wholesale market
urban management officers:城管
real economy:實體經濟
stimulate consumption:刺激消費
create jobs:增加就業
increase one's income:增加收入
operate in an orderly manner :有序經營
be charged/be fined :被罰款
Violent law enforcement:暴力執法
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