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歡迎來到積木的外刊精讀課。
Other tech titans should study its success. Relying on algorithms is one reason they have achieved enormous scale with so few employees. Yet the downsides have begun to haunt them. As the social-media giants hire ever more people as moderators, and write ever longer sets of rules about what is allowed, Wikipedia offers a lesson in how to run a human-powered website.
全文請戳連結:閱讀原文
建議大家先行查閱下列重點單詞或詞組含義,使閱讀更有的放矢▼
Titan
the downside
Haunt
Moderator
建議大家帶著以下問題進行閱讀,更透徹地理解選段▼
➡️請分析第二句話的語法結構,並說說如果要為定語從句補充一個關係詞,應該是什麼?
➡️請結合上下文,分析the downside的含義。
➡️請結合上下文和日常生活理解,說說Moderator在文中的意思。
第一句:Other tech titans should study its success.
主句是主謂賓結構(Other tech titans should study its success)。
Titan /ˈtaɪtn/:作可數名詞,表示a very strong or important person,巨人、大力士、泰鬥、大師,同義詞為giant。這裡表示巨頭公司。
譯文:其他科技巨頭應該對維基百科的成功做一番研究。
第二句:Relying on algorithms is one reason they have achieved enormous scale with so few employees.
主句是主系表結構(Relying on algorithms is one reason)。they have achieved enormous scale with so few employees是省略關係詞的定語從句。在從句中,核心句子結構是主謂賓結構(they have achieved enormous scale),with so few employees是介賓短語作方式狀語。
關係副詞why的省略關係副詞why通常只用於the reason後引導定語從句,且通常可換成that或for which,均可省略。如:That’s the reason (why, for which, that) he came. 這就是他來的原因。Give me one reason (why) we should help you. 給我舉出一個我們應當幫助你的理由。
譯文:它們用這麼少的員工人數達到如此龐大規模的原因之一是依賴算法。
第三句:Yet the downsides have begun to haunt them.
主句是主謂賓結構(the downsides have begun to haunt them),其中賓語是不定式to haunt them。yet是連詞,表達轉折意味。
the downside:the negative part or disadvantage of something,反義詞為upside,某事物的不足之處、不利方面、缺點,例:Digital cell phones offer more security, but the downside is that they have less power.
Haunt:作及物動詞,其一表示to make someone worry or make them sad,纏繞、煩擾、縈繞在……心頭,例:Clare was haunted by the fear that her husband was having an affair. 克萊爾總是擔心丈夫有外遇;其二表示to cause problems for someone over a long period of time,(長期)困擾,例:an error that would come back to haunt them for years to come 會在今後幾年不斷纏繞他們的一個失誤
譯文:但其弊端已開始困擾它們。
第四句:As the social-media giants hire ever more people as moderators, and write ever longer sets of rules about what is allowed, Wikipedia offers a lesson in how to run a human-powered website.
主句是主謂賓結構(Wikipedia offers a lesson)。As the social-media giants hire ever more people as moderators, and write ever longer sets of rules about what is allowed是時間狀語從句;其中內含兩個從句的並列,as moderators是介賓短語作賓語補足語;about what is allowed是介賓短語作定語(what引導賓語從句)。in how to run a human-powered website是介賓短語作定語/方面狀語(how+不定式作介詞in的賓語)。
Moderator:這個詞作可數名詞,有三個含義,分別指三種人:其一指「仲裁人、調解人」,其二指「(保證考試公正、評分正確的)(試卷)審核人」,其三表示「(主持長老會和聯合歸正會的)教長」。這裡在網際網路預警下,表示針對社交媒體發文內容的審核員。
譯文:隨著社交媒體巨頭聘請越來越多的內容審查員,並制定越來越長的規則來管控用戶的行為,維基百科為如何運營由人員驅動的網站提供了借鑑。
建議大家結合今天所學的單詞和詞組,對下列句子進行翻譯▼
1⃣️這種方式的不足之處是缺乏明確的指揮。
2⃣️作為一名破產者的恥辱很可能在他的餘生不斷來糾纏他。
1⃣️The downside of this approach is a lack of clear leadership.
2⃣️The stigma of being a bankrupt is likely to haunt him for the rest of his life.
其他科技巨頭應該對維基百科的成功做一番研究。它們用這麼少的員工人數達到如此龐大規模的原因之一是依賴算法,但其弊端已開始困擾它們。隨著社交媒體巨頭聘請越來越多的內容審查員,並制定越來越長的規則來管控用戶的行為,維基百科為如何運營由人員驅動的網站提供了借鑑。
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