今天老師化身導遊帶著大家去歐洲看看舞蹈音樂的起源和發展。下面就是就是我們第一節課《舞蹈中的節奏》的知識點總結。
A Typical Baroque Dance Suite
（1600-1750）
Allemande, Courante, Sarabande and Gigue, made up the core set of music in a dance suite.
舞曲的組成成分：
•Allemande = German (4/4, moderate speed)
•Courante = French, (3/4, fast)
Two types：(Italian: fast French: slow)
•Sarabande = Spanish (3/4,slow)
•Gigue = English (6/8, fast)
The "classical" suite consisted of allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue, in that order, and developed during the 17th century in France, the gigue appearing later than the others.
後期發展還增加了optional的舞曲形式穿插在固定的套曲中， 以下是比較經典的四個：
•Gavotte (moderate speed, emphasis on beat 3)
•Bourree (similar to gavotte)
•Minuet (moderate to slow, in 3/4) Passepied (fast dance in triple meter)
•Rigaudon (lively French dance, similar to bourree)
德國：阿勒曼德（Allemande）是起源於德國的一種舞曲，其名稱就是來源於法語中「德國」一詞，慢速，4/4拍，也有2/4拍中速的，16世紀傳入法國，又傳入英國，巴洛克時期常用來作為組曲中第一首。音樂形式：
Binary Form: A+B
Definition：Binary form is a musical form in 2 related sections, both of which are usually repeated.
Allemande Example:
Handel (Baroque composer)
Allemande also starts with upbeat
Examples:
法國：小步舞曲（minuet），是一種源於法國的三拍子舞曲，男女對舞。1650年—1750年間主宰了歐洲貴族舞曲。據傳源自法國民間的普瓦圖勃朗裡舞。17世紀時由民間傳入宮廷，受到法國國王路易十四的喜好和提倡，因此很快便傳遍歐洲，盛行於18世紀。以其中庸的速度和優雅的風格為特色，舞蹈者按社會地位高低為序，講究禮儀，極為壯觀，常表演多種經過精心設計的花樣或圖案，並於起舞前向舞伴和觀眾行屈膝禮或鞠躬。早期小步舞曲大都是從第一拍開始，但到了古典時期則變成了從第三拍開始。用於舞蹈場所的小步舞曲，其速度一般都是比較慢的，重音多落在第二拍上；而作為單獨演奏的樂曲，其速度通常都會較快。•Ternary form: A+B+A
•Definition: A three-part musical form consisting of an opening section (A), a following section (B) and then a repetition of the first section (A).
Minuet Example: J.S Bach 1685-1750
Romantic Period (1820-1900)
Waltz
• Waltz is in triple time ¾.
• Early Binary form A+B,later complex.
• Generally,a low bass note is played for the first beat, and the other two beats fill out the chord.
• Conveys a faster, lighter rhythm.
Polish Dance: Mazurka and Polonaise
Mazurka
• Chopin 1810-1849: Romantic composer.
• Polish folk dance in triple meter.
• Usually at a lively tempo.
• Strong accents unsystematically placed on the second or third beat.
Polonaise
•Polonaise:is a dance in ¾ time signature.
•Consisting chiefly of an intricate march or procession.
•Moderate tempo.
Tango (20th century)
• From Spain originated 1935-1952.
• Walking: big step or small step.
• Rhythmically
• Tango in 2/4 or 4/4 •Habanera
• Milonga rhythm.
Astor Pantaleón Piazzolla
•1921-1992 •Spanish composer •Libertango
List of the musics in class
Pride and Prejudice ball . 2005. Dario Marianelli. A Postcard to Henry purcell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5b_g0byI6o0
Baroque Dance - L'Allemande
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZWDrjLO7r4
Handel : Suite No. 4, HWV 429 (II : Allemande)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib7e2a81-OA
Bath Minuet Ball Demo 2013, Dance 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUIfggcILEk&t=36s
Beauty and the Beast Ending Scene 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2-W2qCOEKY
Debussy: Valse Romantique (1890)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGYGRtnYX0c
Mazurka
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6wmrQ_YWvM
Bach, Minuet in G major, BWV Anh 114, Piano
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1gGxpitLO8
請留下你指尖的溫度
讓古典音樂擁抱你
記得這是一個有溫度的公眾號
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