腸道菌群調節人類免疫細胞動力學
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/11/27 13:03:01
美國斯隆·凱特琳紀念癌症中心Joao B. Xavier、Jonas Schluter小組的論文發現了腸道菌群與人類免疫細胞動力學有關。2020年11月25日,國際學術期刊《自然》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員隨訪了數百名住院且受到密切監護的癌症患者,他們從化療和幹細胞移植恢復後都接受了造血細胞移植。這種治療方法會引起循環免疫細胞和微生物群的巨大改變,從而可以同時研究兩者之間的關係。分析循環中性粒細胞、淋巴細胞和單核細胞計數以及超過10,000個縱向微生物群樣品的每日變化,研究揭示了腸道細菌與免疫細胞動力學之間的一致性。高解析度的臨床元數據和貝葉斯推論使科研人員能夠比較細菌屬與免疫調節藥物的作用,並揭示腸道微生物群(隨時間推移)對全身免疫細胞動力學的重大影響。該研究建立並量化了腸道菌群與人類免疫系統之間的聯繫,並暗示了菌群驅動免疫調節。
據悉,腸道菌群影響哺乳動物免疫系統的發育和體內平衡,並與人類炎症和免疫疾病以及對免疫療法的反應有關。然而,當前對腸道細菌如何調節免疫系統的理解仍然有限,特別是在人體中,直接試驗的難度使推理變得困難。
附:英文原文
Title: The gut microbiota is associated with immune cell dynamics in humans
Author: Jonas Schluter, Jonathan U. Peled, Bradford P. Taylor, Kate A. Markey, Melody Smith, Ying Taur, Rene Niehus, Anna Staffas, Anqi Dai, Emily Fontana, Luigi A. Amoretti, Roberta J. Wright, Sejal Morjaria, Maly Fenelus, Melissa S. Pessin, Nelson J. Chao, Meagan Lew, Lauren Bohannon, Amy Bush, Anthony D. Sung, Tobias M. Hohl, Miguel-Angel Perales, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Joao B. Xavier
Issue&Volume: 2020-11-25
Abstract: The gut microbiota influences development1,2,3 and homeostasis4,5,6,7 of the mammalian immune system, and is associated with human inflammatory8 and immune diseases9,10 as well as responses to immunotherapy11,12,13,14. Nevertheless, our understanding of how gut bacteria modulate the immune system remains limited, particularly in humans, where the difficulty of direct experimentation makes inference challenging. Here we study hundreds of hospitalized—and closely monitored—patients with cancer receiving haematopoietic cell transplantation as they recover from chemotherapy and stem-cell engraftment. This aggressive treatment causes large shifts in both circulatory immune cell and microbiota populations, enabling the relationships between the two to be studied simultaneously. Analysis of observed daily changes in circulating neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts and more than 10,000 longitudinal microbiota samples revealed consistent associations between gut bacteria and immune cell dynamics. High-resolution clinical metadata and Bayesian inference allowed us to compare the effects of bacterial genera in relation to those of immunomodulatory medications, revealing a considerable influence of the gut microbiota—together and over time—on systemic immune cell dynamics. Our analysis establishes and quantifies the link between the gut microbiota and the human immune system, with implications for microbiota-driven modulation of immunity.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2971-8
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2971-8