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你知道嗎？關於鯨鯊的小趣聞
Did You Know? Fun Facts About Whale Sharks
往期回看
你正在收看FreeSchool
You’re watching FreeSchool!
嗨 大家好 歡迎來到鯨鯊小趣聞
Hi everyone and welcome to the whale shark
在這裡我將分享一些
bonus reel where I get to share some of the
我在研究鯨鯊時的
extra material I learned
一些額外資料 這些資料和記錄片裡的
while researching whale sharks that just didn’t quite fit in
有所不同
the documentary video.
例如 當你知道鯨鯊
For instance, you may be surprised to
直到官方宣布的1828年才被發現時
learn that whale sharks were not discovered and
你可能會感到驚訝
officially described until 1828.
在此之前 科學家為何沒能發現這種海洋最大的魚呢
How did scientists miss seeing the biggest fish in the ocean? Well,
其實 鯨鯊是遠洋魚類
whale sharks are pelagic,
這就是說 它們居住在開闊的海中
which means they live in the open ocean, and because they
而且因為它們是魚 不像鯨或者海龜一樣呼吸空氣
are fish, not air breathing animals like whales or sea turtles,
它們不需要
they do not have to come to
浮出海面去呼吸
the surface to breathe,
這使得它們更難以被海員看到
making it much less likely for them to be spotted by sailors.
即便是到了更近的現代
Even in more modern times,
著名的航海家Jacques Cousteau
famous ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau only saw two whale sharks
在過去探索海洋的數十年也只看到過兩頭鯨鯊
in the decades that he was exploring the ocean.
僅僅兩頭
Two!
在我說話的時候
You』ve seen more whale sharks
你看到的鯨鯊就比Jacques Cousteau一輩子
in the time I』ve been talking than Jacques Cousteau saw
看到的還要多
in his entire life.
這是有原因的 因為直到在20世紀90年代
That is made possible because some time in the 1990s,
某位漁民才和科學家透露
someone told the scientists that
鯨鯊喜歡聚集在沿海地區捕食
whale sharks like to gather in coastal areas to feed,
經常為幾十隻 甚至
often in groups of dozens or even
幾百隻出現 往後它們每年都會在相同的地區出現
hundreds of sharks, and they return to the same area year after year.
顯然 漁民在很久以前就已知道這種鯊魚的存在
Apparently fishermen had known about it for generations,
只是之前沒有人考慮去告訴
but no one thought to tell the
那些年復一年在外研究鯊魚的科學家這個消息
scientists who came out year after year tostudy sharks.
當科學家意識到這些
Once scientists became aware of these huge,
鯨鯊的聚居地有規可循時
predictable gatherings of whale sharks, it
研究鯨鯊就變得很容易了
became much easier to study them.
科學家能夠在它們的遷徙途中
They were able to tag and photograph thousands of sharks,
標記並拍照到
tracking them as they traveled
成百上千的鯨鯊
around the ocean.
這就是我們知道
This is how we learned
鯨鯊時不時地會潛入深海 然後定期長途跋涉
that whale sharks sometimes dive deep down and regularly swim thousands
經常性地橫跨海洋 往返於不同的覓食地的方法
of miles, often back and forth across oceans to different feeding grounds.
研究發現
As it turns out,
鯨鯊背部的斑點圖案是獨一無二的
the pattern of spots that a whale shark has on its back is unique.
每一隻鯨鯊都是不一樣的
Every whale shark is different!
這點可以讓科學家辨別出 在不同地方和不同時間
and this allowsscientists to identify individual whale sharks
重新出現的鯨鯊個體 可惜的是
when they reappear in a different place ora different time. Unfortunately,
匹配鯨鯊的斑點圖案
trying to match up
是個費時費力的工作 所以科學家們
spot patterns is difficult and time-consuming, so scientists
採用了一個算法
took an algorithm
其為美國航天局原先用於匹配哈勃望遠鏡拍攝星空圖的算法
from NASA originally intended to match star fields for the Hubble Space
然後科學家們改良此算法用於
Telescope and adjusted it to help
匹配鯨鯊的斑點圖案 使鯨鯊個體
match whale shark spot patterns so individuals can be
能被識別確認
identified.
還有許多關於鯨鯊的研究正在進行
There’s still a lot of research to do aboutwhale sharks.
沒人知道鯨鯊是如何交配以及分娩的
No one knows where whale sharks mate or give birth,
迄今為止 科學家只研究過檢查過一隻
and only one pregnant whale shark,
在1995被捕獲的懷孕的鯨鯊
caught back in 1995, has ever been examinedby scientists.
先進追蹤技術讓科學家
Advances in tracking whale sharks are
可以找到更多的鯨鯊聚居地
allowing scientists to find more places they gather
同時也帶來了更多關於鯨鯊的困惑
and add more pieces to the puzzle. Okay,
另一個有關鯨鯊的有趣發現是
one more fun fact about whale sharks:
它們不吃人類或者大型魚類的原因
the reason they don’t eat humans or large fish
是因為它們的食道只有一個25分的硬幣寬
is because their throats are only the size of a quarter,
對於非美國觀眾而言
or about 2.4 centimeters across
就是2.4釐米寬
for you viewers outside of the United States.
我們不可能通過
We just wouldn’t fit!
希望你們能喜歡此次的鯨鯊小趣聞視頻
I hope you enjoyed the whale shark bonus reel today,
我們下期再見
and I』ll see you next time.
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