研究揭示基因間甲基化調控機制
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/9/5 13:59:51
美國哥倫比亞大學Chao Lu、加拿大麥吉爾大學Jacek Majewski和美國洛克菲勒大學C. David Allis等課題組合作,發現被H3K36me2標記的組蛋白招募DNA甲基轉移酶3A(DNMT3A),並塑造基因間DNA甲基化圖譜。相關論文2019年9月4日在線發表在《自然》上。
據了解, 催化DNA中CpG島的甲基化的酶,包括 DNMT1,DNMT3A和DNMT3B,對於哺乳動物組織發育和體內穩態是必不可少的。它們還涉及人類發育障礙和癌症,支持DNA甲基化在細胞命運特化和維持中起關鍵作用。以前的研究表明,組蛋白的翻譯後修飾涉及指定啟動子和活躍轉錄基因體的DNA甲基轉移酶定位和DNA甲基化的模式。然而,調控基因間DNA甲基化的建立和維持的機制仍然知之甚少。Tatton-Brown-Rahman症候群(TBRS)是一種兒童過度生長障礙,由DNMT3A中的種系突變造成的。TBRS與Sotos症候群(由NSD1的單倍不足引起的,NSD1是一種組蛋白甲基轉移酶,催化組蛋白H3在K36(H3K36me2)的二甲基化),這表明這兩種疾病之間存在機制聯繫。
研究報導了NSD1介導的H3K36me2,是基因間區域DNMT3A的募集和DNA甲基化維持所必需的。全基因組分析顯示,DNMT3A的結合和活性,與常染色質的非編碼區域的H3K36me2共定位。在小鼠細胞中遺傳敲除Nsd1及其旁系同源物Nsd2,導致DNMT3A重新分布至H3K36me3修飾的基因體,並且減少基因間DNA的甲基化。來自患有Sotos症候群和NSD1突變體腫瘤的患者的血液樣品,也表現出基因間DNA的低甲基化。DNMT3A的PWWP結構域在體外顯示H3K36me2和H3K36me3的雙重識別,對H3K36me2具有更高的結合親和力,H3K36me2會被TBRS衍生的錯義突變消除。總之,研究揭示了一種跨染色質調節途徑,它將異常的基因間CpG島甲基化與人類腫瘤和發育過度生長聯繫起來。
附:英文原文
Title: The histone mark H3K36me2 recruits DNMT3A and shapes the intergenic DNA methylation landscape
Author: Daniel N. Weinberg, Simon Papillon-Cavanagh, Haifen Chen, Yuan Yue, Xiao Chen, Kartik N. Rajagopalan, Cynthia Horth, John T. McGuire, Xinjing Xu, Hamid Nikbakht, Agata E. Lemiesz, Dylan M. Marchione, Matthew R. Marunde, Matthew J. Meiners, Marcus A. Cheek, Michael-Christopher Keogh, Eric Bareke, Anissa Djedid, Ashot S. Harutyunyan, Nada Jabado, Benjamin A. Garcia, Haitao Li, C. David Allis, Jacek Majewski, Chao Lu
Issue&Volume: 2019-09-04
Abstract: Enzymes that catalyse CpG methylation in DNA, including the DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1), 3A (DNMT3A) and 3B (DNMT3B), are indispensable for mammalian tissue development and homeostasis14. They are also implicated in human developmental disorders and cancers58, supporting the critical role of DNA methylation in the specification and maintenance of cell fate. Previous studies have suggested that post-translational modifications of histones are involved in specifying patterns of DNA methyltransferase localization and DNA methylation at promoters and actively transcribed gene bodies911. However, the mechanisms that control the establishment and maintenance of intergenic DNA methylation remain poorly understood. TattonBrownRahman syndrome (TBRS) is a childhood overgrowth disorder that is defined by germline mutations in DNMT3A. TBRS shares clinical features with Sotos syndrome (which is caused by haploinsufficiency of NSD1, a histone methyltransferase that catalyses the dimethylation of histone H3 at K36 (H3K36me2)8,12,13), which suggests that there is a mechanistic link between these two diseases. Here we report that NSD1-mediated H3K36me2 is required for the recruitment of DNMT3A and maintenance of DNA methylation at intergenic regions. Genome-wide analysis shows that the binding and activity of DNMT3A colocalize with H3K36me2 at non-coding regions of euchromatin. Genetic ablation of Nsd1 and its paralogue Nsd2 in mouse cells results in a redistribution of DNMT3A to H3K36me3-modified gene bodies and a reduction in the methylation of intergenic DNA. Blood samples from patients with Sotos syndrome and NSD1-mutant tumours also exhibit hypomethylation of intergenic DNA. The PWWP domain of DNMT3A shows dual recognition of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 in vitro, with a higher binding affinity towards H3K36me2 that is abrogated by TBRS-derived missense mutations. Together, our study reveals a trans-chromatin regulatory pathway that connects aberrant intergenic CpG methylation to human neoplastic and developmental overgrowth.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1534-3
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1534-3