* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，並樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註，如果需要了解Dictcom音標，請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數10.2，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。#英語學習#
What exactly is plasma?【譯】等離子到底是什麼？【單詞】exactly [ig-'zakt-lee][ɡ'zktli] adv. 精確地；確切地；完全地；嚴密地；正是【單詞】plasma ['plaz-muh]['plzm] n. 等離子體；血漿
How do the grape in microwave experiments create plasma?【譯】微波實驗中的葡萄是如何產生等離子體的？【單詞】grape [greyp][ɡrep] n. 葡萄；葡萄樹【單詞】microwave ['mahy-kroh-weyv]['makrwev] n. 微波；微波爐【單詞】experiments 原型：experiment [ik-'sper-uh-muhnt][k'spermnt] n. 試驗；實驗；嘗試【單詞】create [kree-'eyt][kri'et] v. 創造；造成
And how hot is the plasma?【譯】等離子有多熱？
Plasmas are atoms that have enough energy that the electrons dissociate from the protons, leaving a bunch of flying charged particles whizzing around.【譯】等離子體是一種原子，它有足夠的能量使電子與質子分離，留下一堆飛來飛去的帶電粒子。【單詞】atoms 原型：atom ['at-uhm]['tm] n. 原子；微粒【單詞】electrons 原型：electron [ih-'lek-tron]['lektrn] n. 電子【單詞】dissociate [dih-'soh-shee-eyt, -see-][d'siet] v. 分離；使脫離關係；游離；分裂【單詞】protons 原型：proton ['proh-ton]['prtn] n. 質子【單詞】bunch [buhnch][bnt] n. 串；束；一群；捆【單詞】particles 原型：particle ['pahr-ti-kuhl]['pɑtkl] n. 顆粒；微粒；極小量；質點；粒子【單詞】whizzing 原型：whizz [wz] v. 發颼颼聲；颼颼地飛馳；快速地做
I'm not sure why grapes and other high water content solids make plasma in microwaves.【譯】我不知道為什麼葡萄和其他高水分固體會在微波爐中產生等離子體。【單詞】content ['kon-tent][kn'tent] n. 內容
【單詞】solids 原型：solid ['sol-id]['sld] n. 固體
And plasmas can range from pretty darn hot to the hottest thing we have ever observed, because you can just keep adding energy and it will stay plasma.【譯】等離子體熱度的範圍可以從相當熱到我們能觀察到的最熱，因為你只要不斷地增加能量，它就會保持等離子體狀態。【單詞】plasmas ['plaz-muh][p'lzmz] 等離子體【單詞】pretty ['prit-ee]['prti] adv. 相當地【單詞】darn [dahrn][dɑn] int. 該死（damn的委婉語）【單詞】hottest 原型：hot 形容詞最高級 最熱的【單詞】observed 原型：observe [uhb-'zurv][b'zv] v. 觀察；注意到
Plasma is the fourth state of matter.【譯】等離子體是物質的第四種狀態。【單詞】fourth [fawrth, fohrth][fθ] n. 第四；四分之一；第四檔
It is not exactly the same as the other three states, because the state of the atoms is fundamentally different - A plasma is basically a gas consisting of ions rather than atoms - ions are different from atoms, because atoms contain protons and electrons in equal amounts (and neutrons, but those are neutral), while ions have more or fewer electrons than protons, giving them an 'electrical charge'.【譯】它與其他三種狀態不完全相同，因為原子的狀態根本不同——等離子體基本上是由離子而不是原子組成的氣體——離子不同於原子，因為原子中含有等量的質子和電子（還有中子，但它們是中性的），而離子比質子有更多或更少的電子，給它們一個「電荷」。【單詞】fundamentally [fuhn-duh-'men-tl-ee][fnd'mentli] adv. 從根本上；基本地【單詞】basically ['bey-sik-lee]['beskli] adv. 基本上；主要地【單詞】gas [gas][ɡs] n. 氣體【單詞】consisting 原型：consist [kuhn-'sist][kn'sst] vi. 由 …… 組成；構成；在於；符合【單詞】ions 原型：ion ['ahy-uhn, 'ahy-on]['an] n. 離子【單詞】contain [kuhn-'teyn][kn'ten] vt. 容納；包含；抑制；克制【單詞】equal ['ee-kwuhl]['ikwl] adj. 相等的；平等的
【單詞】neutrons 原型：neutron ['noo-tron, 'nyoo-]['njutrn] n. 中子【單詞】neutral ['noo-truhl, 'nyoo-]['njutrl] adj. 中立的；中性的【單詞】electrical [ih-'lek-tri-kuhl]['lektrkl] adj. 電的；與電有關的
Plasma is a gas where electrons that are removed from the atoms can flow freely through the substance, which means it can conduct electricity quite well.【譯】等離子體是一種氣體，從原子中分離出來的電子可以自由地流過物質，這意味著它可以很好地導電。【單詞】removed 原型：remove [ri-'moov][r'muv] v. 消除；脫掉；免除；搬遷【單詞】flow [floh][fl] vi. 流動；湧出；飄動【單詞】freely ['free-lee]['frili] adv. 自由地；免費地；直率地；大量地【單詞】substance ['suhb-stuhns]['sbstns] n. 實質；物質【單詞】conduct [kuhn-'duhkt][kn'dkt] vt. 導電；傳熱【單詞】electricity [ih-lek-'tris-i-tee][lek'trsti] n. 電；電學；電流
Plasma has other properties than gasses, liquids and solids for this reason.【譯】由於這個原因，等離子體具有氣體、液體和固體以外的其他性質。【單詞】liquids 原型：liquid ['lik-wid]['lkwd] n. 液體
Plasmas are generally speaking very, very hot for human standards, but like with gases, it can differ wildly.【譯】對人類來說，氣體是非常熱的，但一般來說，和等離子體有很大的不同。【單詞】speaking 原型：speak [speek][spik] v. 講；說話【單詞】differ ['dif-er]['df] vi. 不同；有區別【單詞】wildly [wahyld]['waldli] adv. 狂熱地；激動地；劇烈地；輕率地；魯莽地
Plasma in microwaves can reach temperature up to several thousand Kelvin.【譯】微波中的等離子體溫度可達幾千開爾文。【單詞】reach [reech][rit] v. 到達；伸出；達成【單詞】temperature ['tem-per-uh-cher]['temprt] n. 氣溫；體溫；溫度【單詞】thousand ['thou-zuhnd]['θaznd] n. <數字>千 n. 【C】成千上萬；許許多多【專有名詞】Kelvin ['kel-vin]['kelvn] n. 開（絕對溫度單位），開爾文
I've heard that grape plasma can easily reach 3000 Kelvin.【譯】我聽說葡萄的等離子體很容易達到3000開爾文。
Basically, because of the index of refraction of the grape+size of the grape, the waves get trapped inside the grape, and ends up creating constructive interference in the middle.【譯】基本上，由於葡萄的折射率和它的大小，波被困在葡萄內部，最終在中間產生了有益的信號幹擾。【單詞】index ['in-deks]['ndeks] n. 指數【單詞】refraction [ri-'frak-shuhn][r'frkn] n. 折光；折射【單詞】waves 原型：wave [weyv][wev] n. 波浪；波紋；波【單詞】trapped 原型：trap [trap][trp] v. 設圈套；陷入（困境）【單詞】constructive [kuhn-'struhk-tiv][kn'strktv] adj. 建設性的；構造上的；作圖的【單詞】interference [in-ter-'feer-uhns][nt'frns] n. 幹擾；妨礙
If you put two, side by side, the region where this interference occurs is exactly in the middle between the two grapes.【譯】如果你把兩個（葡萄）放在一起，發生幹擾的區域正好在兩個葡萄的中間。【短語】side by side 肩並肩， 一起；例句：The two bottles stood side by side on the table. 兩個瓶子並列立在桌上。【單詞】region ['ree-juhn]['ridn] n. 地區；範圍；領域；地帶；地域【單詞】occurs 原型：occur [uh-'kur]['k] vi. 發生；存在；出現；想到
The intensity of the magnetic wave at that region is so intense, that rips off the electrons from the atoms in the air around, and produces plasma.【譯】該區域的電磁波強度非常強，從周圍空氣中的原子中剝離出電子，產生等離子體。【單詞】intensity [in-'ten-si-tee][n'tensti] n. 強度；強烈；緊張【單詞】magnetic [mag-'net-ik][mɡ'netk] adj. 有磁性的；有吸引力的【單詞】intense [in-'tens][n'tens] adj. 強大的；緊張的；強烈的；激烈的；深刻的【單詞】rip [rp] v.(突然或猛烈地)撕破，裂開； 猛地扯開； 突然拉開
About the temperature: It isn't that hot.【譯】關於溫度：實際上沒有那麼熱。
The infrared camera measured something around 70C.【譯】紅外線照相機測得大約70攝氏度。【單詞】infrared [in-fruh-'red][nfr'red] adj. 紅外線的 n. 紅外線【單詞】camera ['kam-er-uh, 'kam-ruh]['kmr] n. 照相機；攝像機【單詞】measured 原型：measure ['mezh-er]['me] v. 測量；比較
However the plasma itself is very hot, probably around thousands of degrees Celsius.【譯】然而，等離子體本身非常熱，可能在幾千攝氏度左右。【專有名詞】Celsius ['sel-see-uhs, -shee-]['selsis] adj. 攝氏的 n. 攝氏
But keep in mind that those particles don't heat the heavier atoms of the surrounding gas, so your microwave don't melt (Is exactly the same thing that happens on fluorescent lamps).【譯】但請記住，這些粒子不會加熱周圍氣體中較重的原子，因此微波爐不會熔化（這與日光燈上發生的情況完全相同）。【單詞】heat [heet][hit] v. (使)變熱【單詞】heavier 原型：heavy 形容詞比較級 ['hev-ee]['hevi] adj. 大(量)的；重的；沉重的；猛烈的【單詞】surrounding 原型：surround [suh-'round][s'rand] vt. 包圍；環繞 n. 環繞物【單詞】melt [melt][melt] vi. 融化；熔化；消散【單詞】fluorescent [floo-'res-uhnt][fl'resnt] n. 日光燈 adj. 螢光的【單詞】lamps 原型：lamp [lamp][lmp] n. 燈；光源
Plasma = when you stuff too much energy into a material/medium of some sort, and the electricity/energy (plasma) you "see" is that excess energy being discharged and "flying" through the air/space. :)【譯】等離子體=當你把太多的能量塞進某種物質/介質中，而你「看到」的電/能（等離子體）就是被釋放出來並「飛過」空氣/空間的多餘能量。:) 【單詞】stuff [stuhf][stf] n. 東西；原料；材料【單詞】excess ['ek-ses, ik-'ses][k'ses] adj. 過量的；額外的【單詞】discharged 原型：discharge [dis-'chahrj][ds'tɑd] v. 排出；釋放；放電；解除
【表情】:) 是表示微笑的表情符號