* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，並樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註，如果需要了解Dictcom音標，請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數6.6，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#英語思維#
【編者按】本文僅為學習英語，特別是醫學有關的英語。具體相關醫學方面的知識，請諮詢醫生為準。但我同意也建議有規律的生活比放縱的生活對身體會更好。
Do donated organs age according to the donors age or do they adapt to the age of the new body?【譯】捐贈器官的年齡是否與捐贈者的年齡相一致，還是與新身體的年齡相適應？【短語】according to …… 根據，按照，取決於，據…所說；例句：But, these sites are not without risk, according to the report. 但是根據報告，這些網站並不是沒有風險。【單詞】donated 原型：donate ['doh-neyt, doh-'neyt][d'net] v. 捐贈；捐獻【單詞】organs 原型：organ ['awr-guhn]['ɡn] n. 器官【單詞】adapt [uh-'dapt]['dpt] vi. 適應；適合
They age according to the age of the donor.【譯】它們的年齡取決於捐贈者的年齡。【單詞】donor ['doh-ner]['dn] n. 捐贈人；施主；供者
There's a lot of factors in what causes aging, but the upshot is that the organ will have experienced all of those withing the donor's body first - the cell damage due to alcohol, crap food, lack of exercise, age - and the donated part will continue to age from the time of donation.【譯】導致器官衰老的因素有很多，但要點是器官會先經歷捐贈者身體裡所經歷的所有——酒精、垃圾食品、缺乏鍛鍊、年齡等造成的細胞損傷——捐獻的部分會從捐獻時起持續衰老。【短語】due to 多數表示「由於；因為」。如：This accident was due to his careless driving．同時，due 與to 單配，還可以表示「付給某人」，如：Respect is due to older people.【單詞】factors 原型：factor ['fak-ter]['fkt] n. 因素；因數；因子【單詞】aging ['ey-jing]['ed] n. 老化(時效；遲滯)【單詞】upshot ['uhp-shot]['pt] n. 結果；結局；要點【單詞】cell [sel][sel] n. 細胞【單詞】damage ['dam-ij]['dmd] n. 損害；損失；毀壞【單詞】alcohol ['al-kuh-hawl, -hol]['lkhl] n. 酒精；酒；乙醇【單詞】crap [krap][krp] adj. 劣質的；蹩腳的【單詞】exercise ['ek-ser-sahyz]['ekssaz] n. 運動；練習【單詞】donation [doh-'ney-shuhn][d'nen] n. 捐款；捐贈
However, other than normal cell aging caused by, well, age, the new body will determine how fast the new part ages.【譯】然而，除了正常的細胞老化所造成的，嗯，年齡，新的身體將決定新部分老化得有多快。【單詞】determine [dih-'tur-min][d'tmn] v. 決定；決心；確定；測定
So if well taken care of once implanted in the new host, it will basically age at the rate of the recipient.【譯】因此，一旦植入新的宿主，如果處理得當，它基本上會以接受者的速度老化。【短語】take care of 照顧；注意；例句：If you take care of something, you begin to love it — which makes us very vulnerable. 如果你照顧某些事情，你已經開始愛上它了--這讓我們非常的投入.【單詞】implanted 原型：implant [im-'plant]['mplɑnt] v. 深植；灌輸；嵌入；移植【單詞】host [hohst][hst] n. 主人；寄主；宿主【單詞】basically ['bey-sik-lee]['beskli] adv. 基本上；主要地【單詞】recipient [ri-'sip-ee-uhnt][r'spint] n. 接受者
So, for example: a thirty year-old alcoholic is killed by a freak accident.【譯】舉個例子：一個30歲的醉酒者死於一場意外的事故。【短語】for example 例如；例句：You can buy fruit here - oranges and bananas, for example. 你可以在這裡買水果，例如買柑橘和香蕉。【單詞】alcoholic [al-kuh-'haw-lik][lk'hlk] n. 酗酒者【單詞】killed 原型：kill [kil][kl] v. 殺死；終止；消滅【單詞】freak [freek][frik] adj. 奇異的；不正常的【單詞】accident ['ak-si-duhnt]['ksdnt] n. 事故；意外；偶然
How it happened doesn't matter, know only that it was batter up and the only salvagable part is the liver.【譯】事情是怎麼發生的並不重要，只知道那是個爛攤子，唯一可以挽救的部分是肝臟。【短語】do not matter 不礙事，不要緊；例句：It does not matter to me which side wins. 誰勝誰負對我來說都無關緊要。【單詞】happened 原型：happen ['hap-uhn]['hpn] vi. 發生；碰巧；出現；偶遇【單詞】batter ['bat-er]['bt] v. 猛擊；打壞【單詞】liver ['liv-er]['lv] n. 肝臟
Now, that liver had been soaked in alcohol, dude lived on fried bread, so it was aging fast: 1 year of age per year + 1/2 year of age to abuse, so from an aging standpoint, it was 30-years old + 15 years of abuse and damage = functionally 45 year old liver.【譯】現在，肝臟已經被酒精長期侵染，這個生活放縱的人生前每天吃炸麵包，所以它的老化速度很快：每年1歲+濫用1/2歲，所以從老化的角度來看，它是30歲+濫用和損害15年=功能45歲的肝臟。【單詞】soaked 原型：soak [sohk][sk] vt. 使浸透；吸入；浸洗【單詞】dude [dood, dyood][dud] n. 花花公子；紈絝子弟【單詞】fried 原型：fry [frahy][fra] v. 油煎；油炸
【單詞】bread [bred][bred] n. 麵包【單詞】abuse [uh-'byoos]['bjus] n. 濫用；惡習【單詞】standpoint ['stand-point]['stndpnt] n. 立場；觀點【單詞】functionally ['fuhngk-shuh-nl]['fknli] adv. 功能上；機能上
Now the new body it finds itself in is 25-years old, loves and cherishes that liver.【譯】現在，它（指移植後的肝臟）發現自己的新身體才25歲，並且熱愛並珍視肝臟。【單詞】cherishes 原型：cherish ['cher-ish]['ter] vt. 珍愛；抱有；撫育
It takes that liver and coddles it with clean water, veg, and a two kilometer walk every day with a dog that loves them and the world it lives in.【譯】它對肝臟是用乾淨的水、蔬菜來呵護它，每天和一隻愛他們和它生活的世界的狗散步兩公裡。【單詞】coddles ['kod-l]['kdl] v. 嬌養；溺愛【單詞】veg [vej][ved] n. 蔬菜(=vegetable)【單詞】kilometer [ki-'lom-i-ter]['klmit] n. =kilometre 公裡；千米(略作km)
Like, seriously, that dog is awesome and great for mental health.【譯】說真的，那條狗很棒，對精神健康也很好。【單詞】seriously ['seer-ee-uhs-lee]['srisli] adv. 嚴肅地；認真地；嚴重地【單詞】awesome ['aw-suhm]['sm] adj. 可怕的；表示敬畏的；了不起的；精彩的，絕妙的【單詞】mental ['men-tl]['mentl] adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；腦力的
So the new liver continues to live one year of age per year, and no added stress and abuse, so it ages normally.【譯】所以新的肝臟每年能正常活一歲，而且沒有額外的壓力和虐待，所以它能按正常速率衰老。【單詞】stress [stres][stres] n. 壓力【單詞】normally ['nawr-muh-lee]['nmli] adv. 通常；正常地
The 25-year old body has a 45-year old liver, but it will continue to age normally and now that it's being treated better, might even last a little longer than expected.【譯】因此這個25歲的身體有著45歲的肝臟，但它會繼續正常衰老，現在它的治療效果更好，甚至可能比預期的時間能夠使用更長一點。【語法】longer than 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than，是「比……更……」的意思；例句：He is younger than me. 他比我（更）年輕。He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。【單詞】treated 原型：treat [treet][trit] v. 對待；治療；處理