靶向核糖體的抗生素可影響T細胞效應子功能
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/11/26 11:02:46
德國漢諾瓦醫學院和亥姆霍茲感染研究中心Tim Sparwasser課題組發現,靶向核糖體的抗生素通過阻斷線粒體蛋白合成來損害T細胞效應子功能並改善自身免疫性。相關論文於2020年11月24日在線發表在《免疫》雜誌上。
研究人員發現,利奈唑胺(一種靶向核糖體的抗生素,RAbo)有效地阻斷了T細胞介導的自身免疫性疾病的進程。利奈唑胺和其他RAbo在體外是T輔助17細胞效應子功能的強抑制劑,表明這種作用與其抗生素活性無關。用RAbo或通過抑制線粒體延伸因子G1(mEF-G1)幹擾分化T細胞中的線粒體翻譯會逐漸損害電子傳輸鏈的完整性。
最終,這導致氧化磷酸化的不足,減少了煙醯胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的濃度,並損害了分化T細胞中細胞因子的產生。因此,在T細胞中缺乏mEF-G1的小鼠受到了實驗性自身免疫性腦脊髓炎的保護,這表明該途徑對於維持T細胞功能和致病性至關重要。
據悉,儘管抗生素旨在專門針對細菌,但已知大多數會影響宿主細胞的生理。此外,由於尚不清楚的原因,有些抗生素被報告為具有免疫抑制作用。
附:英文原文
Title: Ribosome-Targeting Antibiotics Impair T Cell Effector Function and Ameliorate Autoimmunity by Blocking Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis
Author: Luís Almeida, Ayesha Dhillon-LaBrooy, Carla N. Castro, Nigatu Adossa, Guilhermina M. Carriche, Melanie Guderian, Saskia Lippens, Sven Dennerlein, Christina Hesse, Bart N. Lambrecht, Luciana Berod, Leif Schauser, Bruce R. Blazar, Markus Kalesse, Rolf Müller, Luís F. Moita, Tim Sparwasser
Issue&Volume: 2020-11-24
Abstract: While antibiotics are intended to specifically target bacteria, most are known to affect host cell physiology. In addition, some antibiotic classes are reported as immunosuppressive for reasons that remain unclear. Here, we show that Linezolid, a ribosomal-targeting antibiotic (RAbo), effectively blocked the course of a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Linezolid and other RAbos were strong inhibitors of T helper-17 cell effector function in vitro, showing that this effect was independent of their antibiotic activity. Perturbing mitochondrial translation in differentiating T cells, either with RAbos or through the inhibition of mitochondrial elongation factor G1 (mEF-G1) progressively compromised the integrity of the electron transport chain. Ultimately, this led to deficient oxidative phosphorylation, diminishing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations and impairing cytokine production in differentiating T cells. In accordance, mice lacking mEF-G1 in T cells were protected from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, demonstrating that this pathway is crucial in maintaining T cell function and pathogenicity.
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.001
Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(20)30466-0