IgE效應子機制與肥大細胞共同促進對金黃色葡萄球菌宿主防禦的建立
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/9/12 21:48:55
維也納醫科大學Sylvia Knapp等研究人員合作發現,IgE效應子機制與肥大細胞共同促進對金黃色葡萄球菌宿主防禦的建立。這一研究成果於2020年9月9日在線發表在國際學術期刊《免疫》上。
研究人員表示,過敏被認為代表了對大多數無害的外源性化合物的錯誤2型免疫反應。免疫球蛋白E(IgE)抗體是過敏的特徵,並通過激活效應細胞(特別是肥大細胞,MC)介導對過敏原的超敏反應。儘管這種危險免疫分支的生理功能仍然難以捉摸,但最近的證據表明,過敏性免疫反應可以幫助預防毒液的毒性。
由於細菌是毒素的有效替代來源,因此研究人員評估了過敏樣2型免疫在抗菌宿主防禦中的可能作用。研究人員發現對金黃色葡萄球菌(SA)皮膚感染的適應性免疫反應大大改善了對小鼠繼發SA感染的全身宿主防禦。此外,這種獲得的保護取決於IgE效應子機制和MC。
重要的是,這些研究結果揭示了變態免疫反應、IgE抗體和MC在抵抗病原菌宿主防禦中的未知生理功能。
附:英文原文
Title: IgE Effector Mechanisms, in Concert with Mast Cells, Contribute to Acquired Host Defense against Staphylococcus aureus
Author: Philipp Starkl, Martin L. Watzenboeck, Lauren M. Popov, Sophie Zahalka, Anastasiya Hladik, Karin Lakovits, Mariem Radhouani, Arvand Haschemi, Thomas Marichal, Laurent L. Reber, Nicolas Gaudenzio, Riccardo Sibilano, Lukas Stulik, Frédéric Fontaine, André C. Mueller, Manuel R. Amieva, Stephen J. Galli, Sylvia Knapp
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-09
Abstract: Allergies are considered to represent mal-directed type 2 immune responses againstmostly innocuous exogenous compounds. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are a characteristicfeature of allergies and mediate hypersensitivity against allergens through activationof effector cells, particularly mast cells (MCs). Although the physiological functionsof this dangerous branch of immunity have remained enigmatic, recent evidence showsthat allergic immune reactions can help to protect against the toxicity of venoms.Because bacteria are a potent alternative source of toxins, we assessed the possiblerole of allergy-like type 2 immunity in antibacterial host defense. We discoveredthat the adaptive immune response against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) skin infection substantially improved systemic host defense against secondarySA infections in mice. Moreover, this acquired protection depended on IgE effectormechanisms and MCs. Importantly, our results reveal a previously unknown physiologicalfunction of allergic immune responses, IgE antibodies, and MCs in host defense againsta pathogenic bacterium.
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.08.002
Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(20)30335-6