Talent without working hard is nothing.
沒有努力，天份不代表什麼。
— Cristiano Ronaldo, Soccer Player
—克裡斯蒂亞諾-羅納爾多 (足球員)
--- 外刊看世界編輯擇優推薦
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This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
這裡是科學美國人——60秒科學。我是凱倫·霍普金。
Where were you on August 21, 2017? If you're like me—and a couple hundred million other Americans—you were watching the total eclipse of the sun. (Sound of Karen Hopkin and her group viewing the eclipse)
2017年8月21日你在哪裡？如果你像我以及其他兩億美國人一樣，那你當時在觀看日全食。（凱倫·霍普金和她的團隊觀看日全食的聲音）
It was breathtaking. Mind-blowing. Awesomely spectacular—and potentially educational. Because a new study shows that folks who saw the celestial event sought information on solar eclipses about 16 times both before and after the big day.
這次日全食攝人心魄、令人震驚、蔚為壯觀，而且可能還具有教育意義。因為一項新研究表明，在日全食前後，觀看這一天文現象的人搜索了約16次日全食信息。
In the U.S., some 216 million adults viewed the eclipse. That's 88 percent of the adult population. This viewership dwarfs that of the Superbowl and ranks among the most watched events in American history. That's according to the Michigan Scientific Literacy Survey of 2017.
在美國，有約2.16億成年人觀看了日全食。這一人數佔全美成年人總數的88%。日全食觀看人數令超級碗觀眾數量相形見絀，成為美國歷史上觀看人數最多的事件之一。這一數據來自《2017年密西根科學素養調查》。
Jon Miller of the University of Michigan conducts a national study of Americans' scientific know-how twice a year. But last year, he added another survey over the week or two after the eclipse, while the experience was still fresh.
密西根大學喬恩·米勒每年對美國人的科學知識進行兩次全國性研究。但是去年，在日全食結束的一或兩周之後，他又增加了一次調查，此時觀看日全食的體驗還處於新鮮階段。
He discovered that in the months prior to the eclipse, there was a flurry of interest in the phenomenon. People searched online for eclipse-related information and talked about it with family and friends.
他發現，在日全食發生前的幾個月裡，人們對這種現象的興趣開始激增。人們會在網上搜索與日全食有關的信息，並與家人和朋友進行討論。
And the nearly 20 million who traveled to see the eclipse were even more hungry for heavenly knowledge, averaging nearly 25 episodes of eclipse-related information seeking. In comparison, those who for whatever reason missed the event only reported reading or chatting about it six times.
而近2000萬趕來觀看日全食的人甚至更渴加渴求天文知識，平均每人會搜索近25次與日全食有關的信息。相比之下，報告顯示，那些因為種種原因而錯過日全食的人瀏覽或談起這一事件的次數只有6次。
But the interest didn't end with the sun's reappearance. After the event, people kept on reporting online-learning and continued conversations.
但人們對日全食的興趣並沒有隨著太陽的重現而結束。日全食之後，人們仍繼續報告他們在網上學習相關信息，並繼續談論此事件。
Miller's survey also indicates that by the end of 2017, 70 percent of those questioned were able to explain the meaning of a total solar eclipse. That's a considerable step up from the 50 percent who understood what an eclipse was at the beginning of the year. Even people who didn't see the eclipse were more likely to correctly define it by year's end, suggesting that the media coverage and general hubbub rubbed off.
米勒的調查還表明，截至2017年底，有70%的受訪者能解釋日全食的含義。這是相當大的進步，年初只有50%的受訪者了解什麼是日全食。年底時，即使是那些沒有觀看日全食的人都更可能給出正確的定義，這表明了媒體報導和公眾熱議的影響。
However, the eclipse mania did not appear to boost our overall understanding of the relationship of the Earth and the sun. The percentage of respondents who knew that the Earth circles the sun once each year remained essentially unchanged, at around 64 percent. These findings should give science communicators added incentive to get the word out before the next big North American eclipse: April 8, 2024.
然而，日全食熱似乎並沒有增加我們對地球與太陽關係的整體理解。受訪者中知道地球每年繞太陽公轉一周的比例基本沒變，仍為64%左右。下一次北美大型日全食將在2024年4月8日發生，而在那之前，這些發現應該能增加科學傳播者宣傳這一天文現象的動力。
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
謝謝大家收聽科學美國人——60秒科學。我是凱倫·霍普金。
熬夜的危害
每日一詞：討價還價
有人說，如果你想了解一個城市，就去當地的菜市場（Food market）逛一逛。菜市場的確是一個神奇的地方，它可以給你帶來很多樂趣，而與那裡的小商販「討價還價」就是其中之一。
「討價還價[tǎo jià huán jià]」是指買賣雙方「試圖達成彼此都能接受的價格或條件（attempt to decide on a price or conditions that are acceptable to the person selling the goods and the person buying them），與英文「haggle over the price」意思相近。
「討價」特指「賣方向買方報價（name a price）」，而「還價」指「買方要求賣方降價（ask for a price cut）」。
我們在逛街時經常可以看到有店家掛出「謝絕還價」的牌子，英文翻譯為「No bargaining, please」。
此外，「討價還價」還可比喻談判雙方「在達成一致條件前反覆爭論（argue about something before reaching an agreement）」。
英文習語「bargaining chip」就是特指「討價還價的籌碼、談判籌碼」。「chip」除了表示「薯片、晶片」之外，還可以指「（作賭注用的）籌碼」。
[Photo/IC]
例句：
lì lái mǎi mài dōng xi shí dōu huì tǎo jià huán jià
歷來買賣東西時都會討價還價。
It's traditional that you haggle over/about the price of things in the market.
zhè shì fēn pèi gěi nǐ de rèn wù，tǎo jià huán jià yě méi yòng
這是分配給你的任務，討價還價也沒用。
This is an assignment for you and it’s no use haggling about it.
Editor: Jade
1、本期每日一句，由編輯選優推薦。
2、本期每日一播，取自影視宣傳資源。
3、本期每日一聞，取自Scientific American — 60-Second Science.
4、本期每日一詞，取自紐約時報中文網.
本文僅供學習交流參考，未用作商業用途。如對本公眾號發布的文章存有異議，歡迎留言告知，編輯將在24小時內回復處理。
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掌握語言，是為了換一個視角看世界
也許長，但必定值得耐心學習
願你看待這個星球的眼光能夠批判且不同