2016年2月22日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --最近來自美國和孟加拉共和國的科學家們發現小腸細菌過度生長會損傷幼兒腸道,導致兒童矮小症。
全世界大約有1億6千5百萬兒童存在矮小症狀,而在孟加拉共和國有大約36%的5歲以下兒童受到矮小症影響,矮小症會增加兒童認知功能障礙以及死亡的風險。
導致矮小症發生的一個可能因素就是腸道損傷——「環境性腸病」——這會導致炎症以及對飲食營養成分攝取能力差等情況的發生。環境性腸病的原因並不清楚,但是研究人員懷疑因細菌過度生長導致的小腸細菌數量過多是一個可能因素。
為了驗證這一觀點,研究人員對103名2歲兒童進行了檢查,他們從這些兒童出生就進行了跟蹤。儘管對這些幼兒進行了接種,醫療護理,營養諮詢及護理,但是結果表明從兒童出生到一歲矮小症的發生仍然由9.5%增加到了27.6%。
與此同時,接受檢查的2歲兒童中,每6人中就有1人表現出小腸細菌過度生長的情況,更為重要的是,細菌過度生長在表現出生長矮小的兒童中更為常見,同時還與腸道炎症有關。
領導該項研究的Dr. Jeff Donowitz這樣說道:「我們之前就了解到兒童小腸損傷與營養不良的發生有關,因此我們決定研究一下這種損傷是否在部分程度上與他們小腸中的腸道細菌有關。我們現在一直在做的一件事情就是研究生長在城市貧民窟的兒童在生長過程中小腸細菌過度生長何時會發生以及這種過度生長對腸道損傷的貢獻情況。根據現有結果,我們有理由懷疑幼齡階段發生小腸細菌過度生長會導致營養不良。」
通過了解可能導致營養不良發生的因素,這支由醫生和科學家組成的國際研究團隊希望能夠在未來對小腸細菌過度生長導致的兒童腸道損傷進行治療和預防。
相關研究結果發表在國際學術期刊mBio上。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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doi:10.1128/mBio.02102-15
Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth and Environmental Enteropathy in Bangladeshi Children
Jeffrey R. Donowitza, Rashidul Haqueb, Beth D. Kirkpatrickc, Masud Alamb,Miao Lud, Mamun Kabirb, Shahria Hafiz Kakonb, Bushra Zarin Islamb,Sajia Afreenb, Abu Musab, Shaila Sharmeen Khanb, E. Ross Colgatec,Marya P. Carmollic, Jennie Z. Mae, William A. Petri Jr.f
Recent studies suggest small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is common among developing world children. SIBO’s pathogenesis and effect in the developing world are unclear. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of SIBO in Bangladeshi children and its association with malnutrition. Secondary objectives included determination of SIBO’s association with sanitation, diarrheal disease, and environmental enteropathy. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 90 Bangladeshi 2-year-olds monitored since birth from an impoverished neighborhood. SIBO was diagnosed via glucose hydrogen breath testing, with a cutoff of a 12-ppm increase over baseline used for SIBO positivity. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate SIBO predictors. Differences in concomitant inflammation and permeability between SIBO-positive and -negative children were compared with multiple comparison adjustment. A total of 16.7% (15/90) of the children had SIBO. The strongest predictors of SIBO were decreased length-for-age Z score since birth (odds ratio [OR], 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03 to 0.60) and an open sewer outside the home (OR, 4.78; 95% CI, 1.06 to 21.62). Recent or frequent diarrheal disease did not predict SIBO. The markers of intestinal inflammation fecal Reg 1β (116.8 versus 65.6 µg/ml; P = 0.02) and fecal calprotectin (1,834.6 versus 766.7 µg/g; P = 0.004) were elevated in SIBO-positive children. Measures of intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation did not differ between the groups. These findings suggest linear growth faltering and poor sanitation are associated with SIBO independently of recent or frequent diarrheal disease. SIBO is associated with intestinal inflammation but not increased permeability or systemic inflammation.
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會議詳情: http://www.bioon.com/z/2016MicIntestinal/Index.shtml