閱讀每日新聞,對積累英語詞彙,學習地道的英語表達是大有裨益的。下面是直播「打賞」要求實名制,未成年人不允許打賞(雙語新聞)的內容。
國家廣播電視總局近日發布《關於加強網絡秀場直播和電商直播管理的通知》。
Livestreaming shows and hosts should be clearly classified, based on their content, as music, dance, singing, fitness or games, among other categories, according to the circular.
通知明確,網絡秀場直播平臺要對節目內容和對應主播實行標籤分類管理,按「音樂」「舞蹈」「唱歌」「健身」「遊戲」等進行分類標註。
單詞講解
Livestreaming是live(讀作 /laɪv/)和streaming兩個詞的合成形式,這裡的live是形容詞,表示「現場的」,比如我們看春節晚會的時候,主持人就會說,這裡是春晚直播現場,We are here at the live broadcast of the Spring Festival Gala;streaming最初被翻譯成「流媒體」,其實就是在網絡上播放音頻或者視頻文件,比如在線平臺網飛(Netflix)就是一個TV and movie streaming platform(影視劇在線播放平臺)。
而stream用作動詞的時候,也可以用來表達「在線播放」,比如:
Millions of videos are streamed every day on Youtube.
優兔上每天播放的視頻有數百萬個。
那麼把live和streaming結合在一起,就是在線播放現場的音頻或視頻,簡而言之就是「直播」。
「打賞」用戶實行實名制管理
According to the circular, online show and livestreaming platforms should implement real-name management for their hosts and users keen on rewarding hosts. In addition, underage users and those who don't register with their real names should not be allowed to reward hosts.
網絡秀場直播平臺要對網絡主播和「打賞」用戶實行實名制管理。未實名制註冊的用戶不能打賞,未成年用戶不能打賞。
單詞講解
在關於「打賞」的英文報導中,我們經常看到的表述是tip和reward。Tip的用法很多,之所以會被用來表示「打賞」,是因為tip用作動詞和名詞的時候,有一個意思是「(pay) a small amount of money to someone who has provided you with a service, in addition to the official payment and for their personal use」(在正常支付帳單之外,給為你提供服務的人員支付的一小筆額外費用,供其個人使用),即「(付)小費」,比如:
He gave the porter a tip/He tipped the porter.
他給行李員付了小費。
而reward通常指「something (as money) given or offered in return for a service, good behavior, excellent work, etc.」(對接受的服務、良好的表現或者出色的工作等行為做出的獎賞、回報),也可以直接用作動詞來表示「獎賞(某人)」,比如:
The company rewarded him for his years of service with a grand farewell party and several presents.
公司用一個盛大的派對和很多禮物回饋他多年的工作付出。
Salespeople who are willing to work longer hours will receive significant rewards.
主動加班的銷售員會拿到豐厚的回報。
在看直播的過程中,用戶打賞行為多是因為主播的表現好、內容吸引人等因素,而不是主播為用戶提供了什麼具體的服務,因此,這裡的「打賞」用reward更合適。
The platforms should also put a cap on rewards given to hosts.
平臺應對最高打賞金額進行限制。
When a user's daily or monthly amount of reward reaches half the limit, the platform should send an alert. Users will be allowed to reward hosts after they confirm through a short messaging service, the circular said.The reward feature will be suspended for users whose daily or monthly limit is reached, it added.
在用戶每日或每月累計「打賞」達到限額一半時,平臺應有消費提醒,經簡訊驗證等方式確認後,才能進行下一步消費,達到「打賞」每日或每月限額,應暫停相關用戶的「打賞」功能。
It stated that the platforms should set a delayed arrival period for the reward, and if a host commits an illegal act, the platform should return the reward to the users.
平臺應對「打賞」設置延時到帳期,如主播出現違法行為,平臺應將「打賞」返還用戶。
Notes
直播經濟 livestreaming economy
直播答題 livestreaming quiz
網紅 online celebrity/influencer
粉絲經濟 fan economy
網紅帶貨 influencer marketing
主播 livestreaming host
非法彈窗廣告 illegal pop-up ads