* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式,《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列,這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升,並樹立英語思維;* 推薦的閱讀的方法是:先原文,適當看解析閱讀,還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註,如果需要了解Dictcom音標,請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數6.3,由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#英語思維#
【編者按】相信英語學習者很多都有此困惑吧,反正我是的。
Why do so many words have silent letters?【譯】為什麼這麼多單詞都有不發音的字母?【單詞】silent ['sahy-luhnt]['salnt] adj. 安靜的;不吵鬧的;沉默的;無言的
I took French my senior year and noticed an odd pattern.【譯】我上大四時學法語時發現了一個奇怪的規律。【單詞】senior ['seen-yer]['sini] adj. 地位較高的;高級的;年長的;資深的 n. 大四學生
【短語】senior year一般指高中或大學的畢業前的一屆,即高三或大四學年【單詞】noticed 原型:notice ['noh-tis]['nts] vt. 注意;留心【單詞】odd [od][d] adj. 奇數的;古怪的【單詞】pattern ['pat-ern]['ptn] n. 模式;圖案;典範;式樣【專有名詞】French [french][frent] n. 法國人;法語
The last consonant of every word was silent.【譯】每個單詞的最後一個輔音是不發音的。【單詞】consonant ['kon-suh-nuhnt]['knsnnt] n. 輔音 adj. 一致的;符合的;輔音的
Just the consonant and never the vowels which was even weirder.【譯】只是輔音,而不是元音,這更奇怪。【單詞】vowels 原型:vowel ['vou-uhl]['val] n. 母音;元音【單詞】weirder 形容詞比較級,原型 weird [weerd][wd] adj. 離奇的;古怪的;怪異的
Afterwards I started to see it a lot more in the English language, presumably because it's partly made of the French language.【譯】後來我開始在英語中看到更多,大概是因為它的一部分是從法語而來。【單詞】Afterwards 原型:afterwards 副詞 ['ɑftwdz] adv. 以後;後來【單詞】presumably [pri-'zoo-muh-blee][pr'zjumbli] adv. 大概;據推測;可能【單詞】partly ['pahrt-lee]['pɑtli] adv. 在一定程度上;部分地;不完全地
Then during a brief stint with Russian i saw it again.【譯】後來在工作中短暫接觸俄語時,我又看到了這種情況。【單詞】brief [breef][brif] adj. 短暫的;短期的;簡短的【單詞】stint [stint][stnt] n. 從事某項工作(或活動)的時間【專有名詞】Russian ['ruhsh-uhn]['rn] n. 俄國人;俄語
What's the point of adding letters that won't be pronounced?【譯】那麼加上不發音的字母有什麼用呢?【單詞】adding 原型:add [ad][d] v. 加;增加;補充【單詞】pronounced 原型:pronounce [pruh-'nouns][pr'nans] vt. 發音
The languages spoken across the globe are evolved and influenced by and from one another. it has always happened and is still happening.【譯】世界各地所說的語言都是相互影響和發展的。這一直在發生,現在還在發生。【單詞】spoken 原型:speak [speek][spik] v. 講;說話;演說;發言【單詞】globe [glohb][ɡlb] n. 地球;世界【單詞】evolved 原型:evolve [ih-'volv][i'vlv] v. (使)逐步形成;(使)逐步演變;進化【單詞】happening 原型:happen ['hap-uhn]['hpn] vi. 發生;碰巧;出現;偶遇
In many cases silent letters are vestigial components of things that were once spoken out loud or came from a different language.【譯】在許多情況下,不發音的字母是曾經會被大聲說出或來自另一種語言的事物的殘餘成分。【單詞】vestigial [ve-'stij-ee-uhl][ve'stdil] adj. 痕跡的;遺蹟的;退化的【單詞】components 原型:component [kuhm-'poh-nuhnt, kom-][km'pnnt] n. 組成部分;成分【單詞】loud [loud][lad] adv. 大聲地;響亮地
Escuela is cole is School is Schule.【譯】「Escuela is cole」是「School is Schule」。
【解析】這句話中,除了單詞is之外,其他四個單詞分別是西班牙語、法語、英語和德語中的「學校」的意思。
Four words to describe the same thing in different languages that inhabited relatively small landmasses.【譯】四個詞用不同的語言描述同一事物,它們分別佔據在相對較小的地方。【單詞】describe [dih-'skrahyb][d'skrab] vt. 描述;說成;形容;畫(尤指幾何圖形)【單詞】inhabited 原型:inhabit [in-'hab-it][n'hbt] v. 居住於;佔據;棲息【單詞】relatively ['rel-uh-tiv-lee]['reltvli] adv. 相對地;比較地
Like a game of telephone【譯】就像打電話一樣【單詞】telephone ['tel-uh-fohn]['telfn] n. 電話 v. 打電話
For example in english, the letter H, especially when in the front of a word, can be dropped without losing the meaning.【譯】例如在英語中,字母H,尤其是在單詞前面時,可以不失意義地省略掉。【短語】for example 例如;例句:You can buy fruit here - oranges and bananas, for example. 你可以在這裡買水果,例如買柑橘和香蕉。【單詞】losing 原型:lose [looz][luz] vt. 丟失;削減
''ow are you?【譯】''你怎麼樣?【解析】這裡省略了「How are you」中的H
'Ave you 'eard the news?【譯】你聽到消息了嗎?【解析】本句省略了句首Have中的H
This is an example of how dialects form.【譯】這是方言形成的一個例子。【單詞】dialects 原型:dialect ['dahy-uh-lekt]['dalekt] n. 方言;地方話
You change the phonetics while the written word stays the same, or sometimes tries to adjust but doesnt quite work because of other existing writing rules.【譯】你在書寫的單詞保持不變的情況下改變了語音,或者有時試圖調整,但由於現有的書寫規則而不能實現(調整)。【單詞】phonetics 原型:phonetic [fuh-'net-ik, foh-][f'netk] adj. 語音的;語音學的【單詞】adjust [uh-'juhst]['dst] v. 調整;校準;調節;使適應【單詞】existing 原型:exist [ig-'zist][ɡ'zst] v. 存在;生存;活著【單詞】rules 原型:rule [rool][rul] n. 規則;條例
So spelling writing (when it comes to silent letters) is a long messy process that people try to create rules to describe but those rules will almost always fall short of the complexity of humam language.【譯】因此,拼寫(當涉及到不發音字母)是一個漫長而混亂的過程,人們試圖創造規則來描述,但這些規則幾乎總是無法適應人類語言的複雜性。【單詞】spelling 原型:spell [spel][spel] v. 拼寫;拼成【單詞】messy ['mes-ee]['mesi] adj. 散亂的;麻煩的【單詞】create [kree-'eyt][kri'et] v. 創造;造成【單詞】complexity [kuhm-'plek-si-tee][km'pleksti] n. 複雜;複雜性;複雜的事物
For what it's worth, English is actually one of the hardest languages to learn those rules for because it's so ancient and has so many exceptions/rules...【譯】值得一提的是,英語實際上是最難學習這些規則的語言之一,因為它太古老,有太多的例外/規則。。。【單詞】learn [lurn][ln] v. 學會;學習;得知【單詞】ancient ['eyn-shuhnt]['ennt] adj. 古老的;古代的
My English Teacher once wrote a word for us on the white board.【譯】我的英語老師曾經在白板上為我們寫了一個單詞。
"GHOS"【譯】「GHOS」
He asked us how to pronounce it.【譯】他問我們如何發音。
We all said "Ghos"...【譯】我們都說「ghos(t)」。。。
【單詞】ghost是鬼,幽靈的意思
He said "No, it says "fish"... as in..【譯】他說「不,這是fish」。。。就像。。
Lau(gh) W(o)men (S)ure【譯】Laugh中的gh,Women中的o,Sure中的S【解析】這三個詞中的幾個特殊發音部分,合起來正好是與英語中fish(魚)的發音相同,而拼寫既是ghos
Granted...【譯】同意。。。【單詞】Granted 原型:grant [grant, grahnt][ɡrɑnt] v. 授予;同意;承認;認為
He was making a point and was well aware that e.g. "gh" at the beginning of a word is treated very differently from when it's at the end of a word and all that.... but...【譯】他說得很清楚,例如:單詞開頭的「gh」和詞尾的「gh」區別很大。。。。但是。。。【單詞】beginning 原型:begin [bih-'gin][b'ɡn] v. 開始;著手【單詞】treated 原型:treat [treet][trit] v. 對待;視為;探討;處理
【單詞】differently ['dif-er-uhnt-lee, 'dif-ruhnt]['dfrntli] adv. 不同地
These are not obvious rules to one learning the English language for the first time.【譯】對於第一次學習英語的人來說,這些規則並不明顯。【單詞】obvious ['ob-vee-uhs]['bvis] adj. 明顯的;顯然的
All those pronunciations have to be learned.【譯】所有這些發音都必須學會。【單詞】pronunciations [pruh-nuhn-see-'ey-shuhn][prnns'enz] 語音,發音