試題摘自CATTI指定教材《英語筆譯綜合能力2級》，解釋及例句源自牛津詞典和柯林斯詞典。
整理 | Sera
從CATTI教材試題記詞彙
He was not ( ) and preferred to be alone most of the time.
A. gracious
B. gregarious
C. cordial
D. antisocial
解題思路：根據並列謂語2內容「preferred to be alone」（愛獨處），和連詞「and」，可推測並列謂語1為不愛「群居」，因此該空餘部分應與「愛交際，群居」等同義詞有關。
A. gracious[ˈɡreɪʃəs]
①(of people or behaviour 人或行為) kind, polite and generous, especially to sb of a lower social position （尤指對社會地位較低者）和藹的，慈祥的，有禮貌的，寬厚的
例：He has not yet learned how to be gracious in defeat.
他還沒有學會怎樣豁達大度地面對失敗。
②[常用於名詞前] showing the comfort and easy way of life that wealth can bring 富貴安逸的
例：gracious living
豪華安逸的生活
詞根：
grat/gree==pleasing,表示"感激,高興"
同根詞彙拓展：
disgrace[dɪsˈɡreɪs]
V.①to behave badly in a way that makes you or other people feel ashamed 使丟臉；使蒙受恥辱
例：He had disgraced the family name.
他玷汙了家族的名聲。
② be disgraced to lose the respect of people, usually so that you lose a position of power 使名譽掃地；使失勢；使失去地位
例：He was publicly disgraced and sent into exile.
他被當眾貶謫，放逐異鄉。
%1. ①【不可數名詞】 the loss of other people's respect and approval because of the bad way sb has behaved 丟臉；恥辱；不光彩
例：Her behaviour has brought disgrace on her family.
她的行為使家人蒙羞。
② a ~ (to sb/sth) a person or thing that is so bad that people connected with them or it feel or should feel ashamed 令人感到羞恥的人（或事）
例：That sort of behaviour is a disgrace to the legal profession.
這種行為是法律界的恥辱。
同義詞辨析:
disgrace, humiliate, shame, dishonour, humble, degrade 這些動詞均含"使丟臉，使受恥辱"之意。
disgrace 指降低某人在他人心目中的地位，使其丟臉(側重在別人，尤其在眾人面前丟臉)。
humiliate 指損傷或剝奪自尊感，損壞自尊心，強調蒙受恥辱。
shame 指由不光彩或不道德的行為引起的慚愧感或羞恥感。
dishonour 有時可與disgrace換用，但前者是指因失去榮譽所致。
humble 可和degrade換用，強調降級所帶來的恥辱；也多指自卑和感到渺小無能的心理狀態。
degrade 指因過失而受到降級、階格；也多指因自身的境遇而感到恥辱。
B. gregarious [ɡrɪˈɡeriəs]
①liking to be with other people 交際的；合群的（同義詞sociable）
例：She is such a gregarious and outgoing person.
她很外向，喜歡交朋結友。
②(biology 生) (of animals or birds 鳥獸) living in groups 群居的
詞根：
greg=group,表示"群體"
同根詞彙拓展：
1. aggregate [ˈæɡrɪɡeɪt]
V~ sth (with sth) (formal,or technical 術語) to put together different items, amounts, etc. into a single group or total 總計；合計
Adj. [只用於名詞前](economics 經,or sport 體) made up of several amounts that are added together to form a total number 總數的；總計的
N.[可數名詞] a total number or amount made up of smaller amounts that are collected together 總數；合計
2. egregious [ɪˈgri:dʒiəs]
(formal) extremely bad 極糟的；極壞的
C. cordial[ˈkɔːrdʒəl]
(formal) pleasant and friendly 熱情友好的；和藹可親的
例：a cordial atmosphere/meeting/relationship
親切友好的氣氛 / 會議 / 關係
詞根：
cord=heart心臟，一致
同根詞彙拓展：
concord[ˈkɑŋkɔrd]
N. ~ (with sb) (formal) peace and agreement 和諧；和睦；協調（反義詞discord）
例：living in concord with neighbouring states
與鄰國和睦相處
D. antisocial[ˌæntiˈsoʊʃl]
①harmful or annoying to other people, or to society in general 反社會的；危害社會的；令人討厭的
②not wanting to spend time with other people 不合群的；孤僻的
例：They'll think you're being antisocial if you don't go.
要是你不去，他們就會認為你不合群。
綜上，B為正確選項
註：該題前半部分若去掉not，即，He was ( ) and preferred to be alone most of the time. 哪個選項應該選入呢？
A. gracious
B. gregarious
C. cordial
D. antisocial