1.表示時間,重量,數目,價格,長度,數學運算等的詞或短語作主語時,儘管他們是複數形式,但如果把這些複數形式的詞或短語看作是一個整體,謂語動詞用單數形式。
Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough.
2.動詞不定式,動名詞,從句或不可數名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。
To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language.
3.由and連接兩個成分作主語時,要根據其表示的意義來決定謂語動詞的形式。如果其表示的是一個整體的概念或指的是同一事物,謂語動詞用單數,如果其表示的是兩個不同的對象時,謂語動詞用複數。
The writer and the teacher are coming.
The poet and teacher is one of my friends.
4.集合名詞people,police一般看作複數意義,其謂語動詞用複數。另外一些集合名詞family,enemy,class,army等作主語時,謂語動詞是用單數還是複數,要根據這些詞在句中的實際含義而定。當他們表示的是整體意義時,謂語用單數;當他們強調個體成員時,謂語動詞用複數形式。
In, people eat fish and chips.
The Chinese people(民族)is a great people.
5.名詞性物主代詞mine,yours,his,hers, its,ours,theirs等作主語時,謂語動詞的數取決於該代詞所表示的意義是單數還是複數。
His parents are young, but mine are old.
6.以s結尾的名詞本身不表示複數意義時,謂語動詞通常用單數形式,如news,physics,politics,maths等。
No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him.
7.由or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…等詞連接名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞的數和最接近的主語一致。
Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before.
8.以there,here開頭的句子,若主語不止一個,其謂語動詞的形式和鄰近的那個主語一致。
There is a table and four chairs in the room.
Here are some books and paper for you.
9.trousers,clothes,glasses,compasses,chopsticks等作主語時,謂語動詞用複數。但如果前面有a pair of短語時,謂語動詞用單數。
Jim’s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green’s.
10.由「a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名詞」或「分數+名詞」作主語時,謂語動詞的單複數根據名詞的單複數而定。
A lot of people have been to London.
Three-fifths of the water is dirty.
11.「a number of +複數名詞」作主語時,謂語動詞用複數;「the number of+複數名詞」作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。
A great number of birds fly to the south in winter.
The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are.
12.代詞something,anything,nothing,everyone,anybody,nobody,each,neither,either,little,much,one等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。
Neither of us is a boy。
Each of them has an English dictionary。
One of the students was late for school。
13.All,some none,most,any等代詞作主語時,若其指複數概念,謂語動詞用複數形式;若其指單數形式,則謂語動詞用單數形式。
Not all work is difficult。
Not all the students are here。
14.有些形容詞前面加上定冠詞the,如the poor,the old,the yong,the rich,the dying等用來表示一類人時,主語為複數意義,謂語動詞用複數。
The old are good taken care of。
15.Many a意為「許多」,但因後面跟的是單數名詞,謂語動詞應用單數形式。
Many a student has passed the exam。
【聽力考試秘訣】
因為聽力理解並不是「被動」接受,而應當是「主動」與所接受的信息進行「交流」。因此,無論是平時單元測試還是期中、期末測試,要求學生從試捲髮下到正式放音中間會有幾分鐘時間供學生瀏覽試題。抓住這一寶貴時間,應將之用足用好。及時、迅速地預讀題目(包括題幹和選項),根據題幹中的語言信息,預測對話或短文的語境、大意、人物身份等可能涉及到的內容,這樣可以減少記憶負荷,縮小信息結構範圍,提高聽的效率,同時還可以降低難度,清除緊張心理,增強自信心,進行準確理解。另外,在錄音機播放每一節的說明時,也必須抓緊時間讀題,並要根據題目中的選項積極進行預測。
#英語思維#