構建創新、活力、聯動、包容的世界經濟
Towards an Innovative, Invigorated, Interconnected and Inclusive World Economy
——在二十國集團領導人杭州峰會上的開幕辭
Opening Remarks by H.E. Xi Jinping President of the People’s Republic of China At the G20 Hangzhou Summit
（2016年9月4日，杭州）
Dear Colleagues,
各位同事：
The G20 Hangzhou Summit now begins.
我宣布，二十國集團領導人杭州峰會開幕！
It gives me great pleasure to meet you here in Hangzhou, and I wish to extend a warm welcome to you all.
很高興同大家相聚杭州。首先，我謹對各位同事的到來，表示熱烈歡迎！
extend a warm welcome to
對…表示熱烈歡迎
The G20 Summit in Antalya last year was a big success. I wish to use this opportunity to thank Turkey once again for its outstanding job and the positive outcomes achieved during its presidency. Under the theme 「Collective Action for Inclusive and Robust Growth」, Turkey brought about progress in inclusiveness, implementation and investment. China highly commends[1] Turkey’s efforts on various fronts during its G20 presidency.
去年，二十國集團領導人安塔利亞峰會開得很成功。我也願藉此機會，再次感謝去年主席國土耳其的出色工作和取得的積極成果。土耳其以「共同行動以實現包容和穩健增長」作為峰會主題，從「包容、落實、投資」三方面推動產生成果，中國一直積極評價土耳其在擔任主席國期間開展的各項工作。
outstanding job and the positive outcomes
出色工作，積極成果
Collective Action for Inclusive and Robust Growth
共同行動以實現包容和穩健增長
on various fronts
各方面，各項工作
[1]commend [kə'mend]
to formally praise someone or something 讚揚，稱讚，表彰
The judge commended her for/on her bravery.
法官稱讚了她的勇敢。
For a low-budget film, it has much to commend it (= it deserves praise).
作為一部低預算影片，它有不少值得稱道之處。
It says on the back cover of the book "highly commended".
書的封底上寫著「隆重推薦」。
Last November in Antalya, I talked to you about Hangzhou by quoting a Chinese saying, 「Up in heaven, there is paradise; down on earth, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.」 And I said that I trust the Hangzhou Summit will be a unique setting where history is blended with modernity. I am glad you have accepted my invitation and come to Hangzhou. Present here are old and new friends of mine, and we will discuss ways to sustain global growth.
去年11月，我在安塔利亞向大家介紹，上有天堂，下有蘇杭，相信杭州峰會將給大家呈現一種歷史和現實交匯的獨特韻味。今天，當時的邀請已經變成現實。在座的有老朋友，也有新朋友，大家齊聚杭州，共商世界經濟發展大計。
Up in heaven, there is paradise; down on earth, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou
上有天堂，下有蘇杭
a unique setting where history is blended with modernity
一種歷史和現實交匯的獨特韻味
In the next two days, under the theme of the Summit, we will have discussions on strengthening policy coordination, breaking a new path for growth, more effective and efficient global economic and financial governance, robust international trade and investment, inclusive and interconnected development, as well as other issues affecting the world economy.
未來兩天，我們將圍繞峰會主題，就加強宏觀政策協調、創新增長方式，更高效的全球經濟金融治理，強勁的國際貿易和投資，包容和聯動式發展，影響世界經濟的其他突出問題等議題展開討論。
strengthening policy coordination
加強（宏觀）政策協調
breaking a new path for growth
創新增長方式
global economic and financial governance
全球經濟金融治理
international trade and investment
國際貿易和投資
Eight years ago, at the height of the international financial crisis, the G20, acting in a spirit of unity and partnership, pulled the world economy back from the precipice[2] and pushed it onto the track of stability and recovery. Thanks to this daring initiative, unity prevailed over differences and common good prevailed over selfish interests. The crisis focused global attention on the G20 and established it as the premier forum for international economic cooperation.
8年前，在國際金融危機最緊要關頭，二十國集團臨危受命，秉持同舟共濟的夥伴精神，把正在滑向懸崖的世界經濟拉回到穩定和復甦軌道。這是一次創舉，團結戰勝了分歧，共贏取代了私利。這場危機，讓人們記住了二十國集團，也確立了二十國集團作為國際經濟合作主要論壇的地位。
at the height of
在…的高度;在…的高潮中,在…的最盛時期
the daring initiative
創舉@LearnAndRecord
unity prevailed over differences
團結戰勝了分歧
common good prevailed over selfish interests
共贏取代了私利
[2]precipice ['presɪpɪs]
a dangerous situation that could lead to harm or failure 險境，危局
a very steep side of a cliff or a mountain 懸崖，峭壁
This latest tax increase may push many small companies over the financial precipice.
最近的這次增稅可能會使許多小公司的財務陷入險境。
The film opens with a shot of a climber dangling from a precipice.
電影開始時是一個登山者懸在峭壁上的鏡頭。
Today, eight years on, the global economy has again reached a critical juncture. The conventional engines driving global growth over the past decades, such as scientific and technological progress, population growth and economic globalization, have entered a transitional period, and their ability to stimulate global growth is notably weaker. The growth momentum generated by the last round of scientific and technological progress is diminishing, while the new round of scientific and industrial revolution has just started.
8年後的今天，世界經濟又走到一個關鍵當口。科技進步、人口增長、經濟全球化等過去數十年推動世界經濟增長的主要引擎都先後進入換擋期，對世界經濟的拉動作用明顯減弱。上一輪科技進步帶來的增長動能逐漸衰減，新一輪科技和產業革命尚未形成勢頭。
reach a critical juncture
到了一個關鍵時刻
scientific and technological progress
科技進步
population growth
人口增長
economic globalization
經濟全球化
enter a transitional period
進入換擋期
the growth momentum
增長動能
Population aging is happening in all major economies, and the decline in population growth puts economic and social pressure on countries. Economic globalization is suffering setbacks, protectionism and inward-looking trends are on the rise, and the multilateral trading regime is under pressure. Despite notable progress made in financial regulatory reform, the risks of excessive leverage and bubbles continue to build up. To ensure that the financial market effectively meets the need of the real economy while maintaining stability remains a major challenge to the international community.
主要經濟體先後進入老齡化社會，人口增長率下降，給各國經濟社會帶來壓力。經濟全球化出現波折，保護主義、內顧傾向抬頭，多邊貿易體制受到衝擊。金融監管改革雖有明顯進展，但高槓桿、高泡沫等風險仍在積聚。如何讓金融市場在保持穩定的同時有效服務實體經濟，仍然是各國需要解決的重要課題。
the multilateral trading regime
多邊貿易體制
financial regulatory reform
金融監管改革
excessive leverage and bubbles
高槓桿、高泡沫
Under the impact of all these factors, the global economy, while still on the road to recovery, faces multiple risks and challenges such as weak growth momentum, sluggish demand, volatility in the financial market and low growth in international trade and investment.
在這些因素綜合作用下，世界經濟雖然總體保持復甦態勢，但面臨增長動力不足、需求不振、金融市場反覆動蕩、國際貿易和投資持續低迷等多重風險和挑戰。
weak growth momentum
增長動力不足
sluggish demand
需求不振
volatility in the financial market
金融市場反覆動蕩
low growth in international trade and investment
國際貿易和投資持續低迷
The G20 consists of the world’s major economies. Its critical role and impact place the G20 at the forefront of the global efforts to tackle risks and challenges and expand the space of growth. The international community has great expectation for the G20 and places high hopes on the Hangzhou Summit. In response, we should find solutions to the problems we face through both individual and collective efforts. I hope the Hangzhou Summit will build on previous progress to provide a solution that addresses both the symptoms and root causes of the global economic problems and achieve strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive global growth.
二十國集團聚集了世界主要經濟體，影響和作用舉足輕重，也身處應對風險挑戰、開拓增長空間的最前沿。國際社會對二十國集團充滿期待，對這次峰會寄予厚望。我們需要通過各自行動和集體合力，直面問題，共尋答案。希望杭州峰會能夠在以往的基礎上，為世界經濟開出一劑標本兼治、綜合施策的藥方，讓世界經濟走上強勁、可持續、平衡、包容增長之路。
tackle risks and challenges
應對風險挑戰
expand the space of growth
開拓增長空間
place high hopes on
寄予厚望
First, in the face of these challenges, we should strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination and jointly promote global growth and uphold international financial stability. The G20 members should pursue more comprehensive macroeconomic policies in keeping with their own national realities and employ various policy tools, including fiscal, monetary and structural reform policies, to expand aggregate global demand, improve the quality of supply and bolster the foundation of growth. We should, in conjunction with the formulation and implementation of the Hangzhou Action Plan, continue to strengthen policy coordination, reduce negative spillovers, and work together to uphold financial stability and boost market confidence.
第一，面對當前挑戰，我們應該加強宏觀經濟政策協調，合力促進全球經濟增長、維護金融穩定。二十國集團成員應該結合本國實際，採取更加全面的宏觀經濟政策，使用多種有效政策工具，統籌兼顧財政、貨幣、結構性改革政策，努力擴大全球總需求，全面改善供給質量，鞏固經濟增長基礎。應該結合制定和落實《杭州行動計劃》，繼續加強政策協調，減少負面外溢效應，共同維護金融穩定，提振市場信心。@LearnAndRecord
strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination
加強宏觀經濟政策協調
jointly promote global growth
合力促進全球經濟增長
uphold international financial stability
維護金融穩定
expand aggregate global demand
擴大全球總需求
improve the quality of supply
改善供給質量
bolster the foundation of growth
鞏固（經濟）增長基礎
in conjunction with
連同，共同；與…協力
reduce negative spillovers
減少負面外溢效應
Second, in the face of these challenges, we should break a new path for growth and generate new growth momentum. The G20 should change its policy approach, and place equal importance on both short-term and medium- to long-term policies and both demand-side management and supply-side reform. This year, we have agreed on the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth and made the unanimous[3] decision to break a new path and expand new frontier for the world economy through innovation, structural reform, new industrial revolution and the development of digital economy. We should stay committed to these initiatives to remove the root cause of sluggish recovery and weak growth that plagues[4] the global economy, and lay a solid foundation for achieving a new round of global growth and prosperity.
第二，面對當前挑戰，我們應該創新發展方式，挖掘增長動能。二十國集團應該調整政策思路，做到短期政策和中長期政策並重，需求側管理和供給側改革並重。今年，我們已經就《二十國集團創新增長藍圖》達成共識，一致決定通過創新、結構性改革、新工業革命、數字經濟等新方式，為世界經濟開闢新道路，拓展新邊界。要沿著這一方向堅定走下去，幫助世界經濟徹底擺脫復甦乏力、增長脆弱的局面，為世界經濟迎來新一輪增長和繁榮打下堅實基礎。
place equal importance on both short-term and medium- to long-term policies
短期政策和中長期政策並重
make the unanimous decision to
一致決定
[3]unanimous [juː'nænɪməs]
If a group of people are unanimous, they all agree about one particular matter or vote the same way, and if a decision or judgment is unanimous, it is formed or supported by everyone in a group. （團體）意見一致的；（決定或裁決）一致通過的，獲得全體支持的
The jury returned a unanimous verdict of guilty after a short deliberation.
陪審團經過短時間商討後一致裁決有罪。
After a lengthy discussion we reached a unanimous decision on the proposal.
經過長時間討論，我們對這一提案作出了一致決定。
[4]plague [pleɪg]
to cause worry, pain, or difficulty to someone or something over a period of time 不斷困擾；折磨；使受煎熬
Financial problems have been plaguing their new business partners.
財政問題一直困擾著他們的新商業合作夥伴。
Third, in the face of these challenges, we should improve global economic governance and strengthen institutional safeguards. The G20 should continue to improve the international monetary and financial systems and the governance structure of international financial institutions and fully leverage the role of the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights. We should strengthen the global financial safety net, and enhance cooperation in financial regulation, international taxation and combating corruption to boost the resilience of the world economy against risks. This year, we have restarted the G20 International Financial Architecture Working Group. I hope that the working group will continue its work and become more effective.
第三，面對當前挑戰，我們應該完善全球經濟治理，夯實機制保障。二十國集團應該不斷完善國際貨幣金融體系，優化國際金融機構治理結構，充分發揮國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權作用。應該完善全球金融安全網，加強在金融監管、國際稅收、反腐敗領域合作，提高世界經濟抗風險能力。今年，我們重啟了二十國集團國際金融架構工作組，希望繼續向前推進，不斷提高有效性。
improve global economic governance
完善全球經濟治理
strengthen institutional safeguards
夯實機制保障
improve the international monetary and financial systems
完善國際貨幣金融體系
the governance structure of international financial institutions
國際金融機構治理結構
fully leverage the role of
充分發揮...作用
Fourth, in the face of these challenges, we should build an open global economy and continue to promote facilitation and liberalization of trade and investment. Protectionism is like drinking poison to quench one’s thirst: It may ease a country’s internal pressure in the short term, but will only inflict severe damage to the country itself and the world economy in the long run.
第四，面對當前挑戰，我們應該建設開放型世界經濟，繼續推動貿易和投資自由化便利化。保護主義政策如飲鴆止渴，看似短期內能緩解一國內部壓力，但從長期看將給自身和世界經濟造成難以彌補的傷害。
build an open global economy
建設開放型世界經濟
promote facilitation and liberalization of trade and investment
推動貿易和投資自由化便利化
drinking poison to quench one’s thirst
飲鴆止渴
The G20 should resolutely oppose the beggar-thy-neighbor policy, and advocate and promote the building of an open global economy. We should honor our commitment of not adopting new protectionist measures, strengthen coordination and cooperation on investment policies and take credible steps to stimulate trade growth. Infrastructure connectivity should be enhanced so as to bring developing countries and small and medium-sized companies into the global value chain and make the global economy more open and integrated.
二十國集團應該堅決避免以鄰為壑，做開放型世界經濟的倡導者和推動者，恪守不採取新的保護主義措施的承諾，加強投資政策協調合作，採取切實行動促進貿易增長。我們應該發揮基礎設施互聯互通的輻射效應和帶動作用，幫助發展中國家和中小企業深入參與全球價值鏈，推動全球經濟進一步開放、交流、融合。
take credible steps to
採取切實行動
Infrastructure connectivity
基礎設施互聯互通
Fifth, in the face of these challenges, we should implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and promote inclusive development. To achieve common development is the shared aspiration of all peoples, especially those of the developing countries. According to the relevant statistics, the Gini coefficient has exceeded the widely-recognized alarm level of 0.6 and reached around 0.7 globally. This is something that we must pay close attention to. This year, development is high on the G20 agenda, and we have committed ourselves to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and formulated an action plan.
第五，面對當前挑戰，我們應該落實2030年可持續發展議程，促進包容性發展。實現共同發展是各國人民特別是發展中國家人民的普遍願望。據有關統計，現在世界基尼係數已經達到0.7左右，超過了公認的0.6「危險線」，必須引起我們的高度關注。今年，我們把發展置於二十國集團議程的突出位置，共同承諾積極落實2030年可持續發展議程，並制定了行動計劃。
We will also support industrialization in Africa and the least developed countries, expand energy access and improve energy efficiency, encourage more consumption of clean and renewable energy, promote financial inclusion and encourage the young people to start their own businesses. Through these means and more, we can reduce the inequality and imbalance in global development and deliver the benefits of global growth to people of all countries.
同時，我們還將通過支持非洲和最不發達國家工業化、提高能源可及性、提高能效、加強清潔能源和可再生能源利用、發展普惠金融、鼓勵青年創業等方式，減少全球發展不平等和不平衡，使各國人民共享世界經濟增長成果。
expand energy access
提高能源可及性
improve energy efficiency
提高能效
promote financial inclusion
發展普惠金融
Dear Colleagues,
各位同事！
The G20 carries high expectation of the international community and shoulders a heavy responsibility. We must ensure that the G20 fully plays its role of keeping the world economy on the track of prosperity and stability.
二十國集團承載著世界各國期待，使命重大。我們要努力把二十國集團建設好，為世界經濟繁榮穩定把握好大方向。
shoulder a heavy responsibility
承擔重大責任，使命重大
First, the G20 must keep up with the changing times and lead the way forward. The G20 should adapt itself to the needs of the global economy and further transform itself from a mechanism of crisis response to one of long-term governance. When major issues emerge, the G20 has the responsibility to play a leading role and, with strategic vision, set the direction and blaze the trail for global growth.
第一，與時俱進，發揮引領作用。二十國集團應該根據世界經濟需要，調整自身發展方向，進一步從危機應對向長效治理機制轉型。面對重大突出問題，二十國集團有責任發揮領導作用，展現戰略視野，為世界經濟指明方向，開拓路徑。
keep up with the changing times
與時俱進
lead the way forward
發揮引領作用
blaze the trail for
開拓路徑
Second, the G20 should fully honor its commitment. As a Chinese saying puts it, one thousand promises do not count as much as one real action. We should make the G20 an action team instead of a talk shop. This year, we have formulated action plans for many areas such as sustainable development, green finance, energy efficiency and combating corruption, and each and every plan should be implemented.
第二，知行合一，採取務實行動。承諾一千，不如落實一件。我們應該讓二十國集團成為行動隊，而不是清談館。今年，我們在可持續發展、綠色金融、提高能效、反腐敗等諸多領域制定了行動計劃，要把每一項行動落到實處。
honor its commitment
恪守承諾；履行承諾
one thousand promises do not count as much as one real action
承諾一千，不如落實一件
We should make the G20 an action team instead of a talk shop.
我們應該讓二十國集團成為行動隊，而不是清談館。
Third, the G20 should become a platform of cooperation built through joint efforts that delivers benefits to all.We should continue to strengthen the institutional building of the G20 to sustain and deepen our cooperation. We should solicit[5] proposals for improvement and heed[6] the views of all countries, especially the developing countries, so as to make the G20 more inclusive and better respond to the demand of people of different countries.
第三，共建共享，打造合作平臺。我們應該繼續加強二十國集團機制建設，確保合作延續和深入。廣納良言，充分傾聽世界各國特別是發展中國家聲音，使二十國集團工作更具包容性，更好回應各國人民訴求。
[5]solicit [sə'lɪsɪt]
to ask someone for money, information, or help 請求，索求，乞求
to solicit donations for a charity
呼籲人們向一個慈善機構捐款
It is illegal for public officials to solicit gifts or money in exchange for favours.
公務員利用職務之便索要他人錢物是非法的。
[6]heed [hiːd]
to pay attention to something, especially advice or a warning 注意，聽從（尤指建議或警告）
The airline has been criticized for failing to heed advice/warnings about lack of safety routines.
該航空公司因沒有理會針對其日常安全工作不力提出的建議／警告而受到了批評。
Fourth, the G20 should stick together as partners in meeting challenges. Partnership is the most valuable asset of the G20. The G20 countries differ in national conditions, stages of development and face different challenges. But we all share a common goal of pursuing stronger growth, meeting challenges and achieving common development. So long as we stick together, we can navigate the heavy waves of the global economy and sail towards a future of growth.
第四，同舟共濟，發揚夥伴精神。夥伴精神是二十國集團最寶貴的財富。我們雖然國情不同、發展階段不同、面臨的現實挑戰不同，但推動經濟增長的願望相同，應對危機挑戰的利益相同，實現共同發展的憧憬相同。只要我們堅持同舟共濟的夥伴精神，就能夠克服世界經濟的驚濤駭浪，開闢未來增長的嶄新航程。
stick together
在一起；團結一致；互相支持
navigate the heavy waves of the global economy
克服世界經濟的驚濤駭浪
sail towards a future of growth
開闢未來增長的嶄新航程
Dear Colleagues,
各位同事！@LearnAndRecord
In preparing for the Hangzhou Summit, China has followed the principle of openness, transparency and inclusiveness, and maintained close contact and coordination with all other members. We have also held dialogue of various forms with the United Nations, the African Union, the G77, the least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island states to brief them and all the people who show an interest in the G20 on our preparation. We have listened to the views and proposals of various parties and benefited greatly from them in making preparation for the Hangzhou Summit.
在杭州峰會籌備過程中，中國始終秉持開放、透明、包容的辦會理念，同各成員保持密切溝通和協調。我們還舉辦了各種形式的外圍對話，走進聯合國，走進非盟總部，走進七十七國集團，走進最不發達國家、內陸國、小島國，向世界各國，以及所有關心二十國集團的人們介紹杭州峰會籌備情況，傾聽各方利益訴求。各方提出的意見和建議對這次峰會的籌備都發揮了重要作用。
landlocked countries
內陸國
I hope that during discussions in the coming two days, we will pool our vision and create synergy so as to enable the Hangzhou Summit to fulfill its mandate of boosting global growth, strengthening international economic cooperation and promoting the future growth of the G20.
我期待在接下來兩天的討論中，我們能夠集眾智、聚合力，努力讓杭州峰會實現促進世界經濟增長、加強國際經濟合作、推動二十國集團發展的目標。
pool our vision and create synergy
集眾智、聚合力
Let’s make Hangzhou a new departure point and steer the giant ship of the global economy on a new voyage from the shore of the Qiantang River to the vast ocean.
讓我們以杭州為新起點，引領世界經濟的航船，從錢塘江畔再次揚帆啟航，駛向更加廣闊的大海！
steer the giant ship of the global economy
引領世界經濟的航船
Thank you!
謝謝大家。
······
G20峰會知多少
G20峰會開幕 習近平主席開幕辭說了啥？
二十國集團工商峰會開幕式主旨演講
英文短片 | 馬云為杭州 G20峰會 代言
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英文原文：http://t.cn/RcLgtkS
中文原文：http://t.cn/RcyVRHu
本筆記首發自@LearnAndRecord
轉載請務必註明出處！
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2016年9月5日
第576天
每天持續行動學外語