首選推薦十七篇2020／2019／2018／2016錄取榜（點擊標題即可閱讀）：
埃米·維維安·科尼·巴雷特
Amy Vivian Coney Barrett
出生
1972年1月28日（48歲）
美國路易斯安那州紐奧良
教育羅德學院（BA）
聖母大學（JD）
前任美國聯邦第七巡迴上訴法院法官
2017年11月2日-2020年10月26日
現任美國最高法院大法官
2020年10月27日
埃米·維維安·科尼·巴雷特（英語：Amy Vivian Coney Barrett， 1972年1月28日－）是美國聯邦第七巡迴上訴法院法官。2017年獲川普總統提名出任此職。曾擔任安東寧·斯卡利亞的法官助理。2020年9月26日，總統川普提名巴雷特為聯邦最高法院大法官。2020年10月26日，參議院通過巴雷特的提名後隨即宣誓，48歲的巴雷特成為美國就職年齡最輕的大法官。
埃米·維維安·科尼·巴雷特生於1972年1月28日，出生地為路易斯安那州紐奧良。她是父母七名子女中的長女，有五個妹妹和一個弟弟。其父麥可·科尼曾是殼牌石油公司的律師，母親是一位家庭主婦。埃米在紐奧良城郊的梅泰裡地區長大，1990年畢業於聖瑪利多明我高中。
埃米隨後在田納西州孟菲斯的羅德學院學習英語文學。1994年以優異成績獲得文學學士學位，加入美國大學優等生榮譽學會。之後，埃米在聖母大學法學院就讀，獲得了全額獎學金。曾擔任刊物《聖母大學法學評論》的執行編輯。1997年以最優異成績畢業並獲得法律博士學位。
Amy Coney Barrett (born Amy Vivian Coney; January 28, 1972) is an American attorney, jurist, and academic who is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. She was sworn in on October 26, 2020, by fellow Justice Clarence Thomas at the South Lawn of the White House. Prior to her confirmation to the Supreme Court, she served as a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit from 2017 to 2020.
President Donald Trump nominated her to the Seventh Circuit on May 8, 2017, and the Senate confirmed her on October 31, 2017. Before and while serving on the federal bench, she has been a Professor of Law at Notre Dame Law School, where she has taught civil procedure, constitutional law, and statutory interpretation. Eleven months after her confirmation to the Seventh Circuit, Barrett was added to Trump's list of potential Supreme Court nominees.
On September 26, 2020, Trump announced his intention to nominate Barrett to succeed Ruth Bader Ginsburg on the Supreme Court of the United States. On October 26, 2020, the United States Senate voted 52–48 to confirm her nomination, with all Democrats opposed and all but one Republican in favor, in one of the fastest Supreme Court confirmations in modern times. The move was sharply criticized by Democrats as an act of hypocrisy that violated the precedent Republicans established in 2016 when they refused to consider Barack Obama's nomination of Merrick Garland more than nine months before the end of his term.
Barrett took the first of two oaths on October 26. She is expected to take the second on October 27, when she officially takes the bench.
Barrett was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She is the eldest of seven children and has five sisters and a brother. Her father, Michael Coney, worked as an attorney for Shell Oil Company and her mother, Linda, was a high school French teacher and homemaker. Barrett has Irish and French ancestry. Her great-great-grandparents emigrated from France to New Orleans. Her family is devoutly Catholic, and her father has been an ordained deacon since 1982. Barrett grew up in Metairie, a suburb of New Orleans. She attended St. Mary's Dominican High School, an all-girls Roman Catholic high school, from which she graduated in 1990. She was student body vice president of the high school.
After high school, Barrett attended Rhodes College, where she majored in English literature and minored in French. She graduated magna cum laude in 1994 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and was inducted into Omicron Delta Kappa and Phi Beta Kappa. In her graduating class, she was named most outstanding English department graduate. She then studied law at the Notre Dame Law School on a full-tuition scholarship. She was an executive editor of the Notre Dame Law Review and graduated first in her class in 1997 with a Juris Doctor summa cum laude.
Clerkships and private practice
Barrett spent two years as a judicial law clerk after law school, first for Judge Laurence Silberman of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit from 1997 to 1998, and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1998 to 1999.
From 1999 to 2002, Barrett practiced law at Miller, Cassidy, Larroca & Lewin, a boutique law firm for litigation in Washington, D.C., that merged with the Houston, Texas-based law firm Baker Botts in 2001. While at Baker Botts, she worked on Bush v. Gore, the lawsuit that grew out of the 2000 United States presidential election, providing research and briefing assistance for Baker Botts's representation of George W. Bush.
Teaching and scholarship
Barrett served as a visiting associate professor and John M. Olin Fellow in Law at George Washington University Law School for a year before returning to her alma mater, Notre Dame Law School, in 2002. At Notre Dame, she taught federal courts, evidence, constitutional law, and statutory interpretation. In 2007, she was a visiting professor at the University of Virginia School of Law. Barrett was named a Professor of Law in 2010, and from 2014 to 2017 held the Diane and M.O. Miller II Research Chair of Law. Her scholarship focused on constitutional law, originalism, statutory interpretation, and stare decisis. Her academic work has been published in the Columbia, Cornell, Virginia, Notre Dame, and Texas law reviews.
At Notre Dame, Barrett received the "Distinguished Professor of the Year" award three times. From 2011 to 2016, she spoke on constitutional law at Blackstone Legal Fellowship, a summer program for law school students that the Alliance Defending Freedom established for inspiring a "distinctly Christian worldview in every area of law". While serving on the Seventh Circuit, Barrett commuted between Chicago and South Bend, continuing to teach courses on statutory interpretation and constitutional theory.
In 2010, Chief Justice John Roberts appointed Barrett to serve on the Advisory Committee for the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
On May 8, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Barrett to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit after Judge John Daniel Tinder took senior status. A Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on her nomination was held on September 6, 2017. During the hearing, Senator Dianne Feinstein questioned Barrett about a law review article Barrett co-wrote in 1998 with Professor John H. Garvey in which they argued that Catholic judges should in some cases recuse themselves from death penalty cases due to their moral objections to the death penalty. Asked to "elaborate on the statements and discuss how you view the issue of faith versus fulfilling the responsibility as a judge today," Barrett said that she had participated in many death-penalty appeals while serving as law clerk to Scalia, adding, "My personal church affiliation or my religious belief would not bear on the discharge of my duties as a judge" and "It is never appropriate for a judge to impose that judge's personal convictions, whether they arise from faith or anywhere else, on the law." Barrett emphasized that the article was written in her third year in law school and that she was "very much the junior partner in our collaboration." Worried that Barrett would not uphold Roe v. Wade given her Catholic beliefs, Feinstein followed Barrett's response by saying, "the dogma lives loudly within you, and that is a concern."
The hearing made Barrett popular with religious conservatives. Feinstein's and other senators' questioning was criticized by some Republicans and other observers, such as university presidents John I. Jenkins and Christopher Eisgruber, as an improper inquiry into a nominee's religious belief that employed an unconstitutional "religious test" for office; others, such as Nan Aron, defended Feinstein's line of questioning.
Lambda Legal, an LGBT civil rights organization co-signed a letter with 26 other gay rights organizations opposing Barrett's nomination. The letter expressed doubts about her ability to separate faith from her rulings on LGBT matters. During her Senate hearing, Barrett was questioned about landmark LGBTQ legal precedents such as Obergefell v. Hodges, United States v. Windsor, and Lawrence v. Texas. She said these cases are "binding precedents" that she intended to "faithfully follow if confirmed" to the appeals court, as required by law. The letter Lambda Legal co-signed read, "Simply repeating that she would be bound by Supreme Court precedent does not illuminate—indeed, it obfuscates—how Professor Barrett would interpret and apply precedent when faced with the sorts of dilemmas that, in her view, 'put Catholic judges in a bind.'" In 2015, Barrett signed a letter to the Synod on the Family affirming the Catholic Church's teaching that "marriage and family [are] founded on the indissoluble commitment of a man and a woman".
Barrett's nomination was supported by every law clerk she had worked with and all of her 49 faculty colleagues at Notre Dame Law school. 450 former students signed a letter to the Senate Judiciary Committee supporting her nomination.
On October 5, 2017, the Senate Judiciary Committee voted 11–9 on party lines to recommend Barrett and report her nomination to the full Senate. On October 30, the Senate invoked cloture by a vote of 54–42. It confirmed her by a vote of 55–43 on October 31, with three Democrats—Joe Donnelly, Tim Kaine, and Joe Manchin—voting for her. She received her commission two days later. Barrett is the first and only woman to occupy an Indiana seat on the Seventh Circuit.
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