Since the earliest days of the United States, Americans began their days by eating whatever was most easily available.
從美國早期開始,美國人就以吃最容易獲取的食物開始他們的一天。
These foods often included bread, eggs or leftovers – food left over from the night before.
這些食物通常包括麵包、雞蛋或前一天晚上剩下的食物。
Today, ease is still an important factor when it comes to breakfast.
如今,簡易仍然是早餐的一個重要因素。
However, what people eat has changed over time.
然而,隨著時間的推移,人們吃的東西卻發生了變化。
And some of today's common breakfast foods, such as cereal, are the result of very effective marketing.
今天一些像麥片粥這樣常見的早餐食品就是高效營銷手段的產物。
"Advertising was practically invented to sell cereal," says Heather Arndt Anderson.
「廣告實際上就是為了銷售麥片粥而發明的,」希瑟·阿恩特·安德森說道。
She is the writer of the book "Breakfast: A History."
她是《早餐:一段歷史》一書的作者。
Arndt Anderson adds, "One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat these instant cereals.
阿恩特·安德森還說:「最初的成功或有效營銷方式之一就是為了讓母親們相信,讓孩子吃這些速溶麥片粥是可以的。
It sort of offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning."
這在一定程度上給職業媽媽們提供了一個讓孩子們在早上照顧自己的機會。」
As women entered the workforce to help support their families, cereal was a food kids could make on their own.
當女性進入職場幫助養家餬口時,麥片粥是孩子們可以自己做的食物。
"That's still sort of the power, really the lasting effect of breakfast as being the first meal that kids do learn how to prepare themselves," Arndt Anderson says.
「這也是一種能力,早餐真正持久的影響是孩子們學習到了如何自己為自己準備第一餐,」阿恩特·安德森說道。
Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink.
廣告也在橙汁成為晨飲中發揮了重要作用。
In 1916, farmers grew more oranges than usual, so advertisers began saying, "Drink an orange."
1916年,農民比平常種了更多的橘子,所以廣告商開始說:「來一杯橙汁。」
They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day.
他們的目的是讓人們相信,喝橙汁是一種健康開始新一天的方式。
Two years later, a worldwide flu epidemic caused people to drink more orange juice for its health benefits.
兩年後,一場全球性的流感疫情導致人們為了健康開始喝更多的橙汁。
As for coffee, it might have the 1773 Boston Tea Party to thank for its popularity in the United States.
至於咖啡,可能要感謝1773年波士頓傾茶事件在美國受到廣泛關注。
In that year, American colonists protested British taxation by throwing tea into Boston Harbor.
那一年,美國殖民者為了抗議英國的稅收,把茶葉扔進了波士頓港。
In time, coffee became so popular that people traveling to the American West in the 1830s made sure to carry coffee beans on the journey.
隨著時間的推移,咖啡開始變得非常受歡迎,以至於19世紀30年代到美國西部旅行的人們一定要隨身攜帶咖啡豆。
Pancakes have also been around for a very long time.
煎餅的存在也由來已久。
Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy ate a pancake-like food as one of his last meals.
研究人員認為,世界上最古老的自然保存的人類木乃伊是吃了一種類似薄餅的食物作為他的最後一餐。
Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much quicker to prepare than bread.
研究人員認為薄煎餅可能是在早上做的,因為準備薄煎餅比準備麵包要快得多。
Cooks could then have to time to make fresh bread for dinner.
這樣廚師們就有時間為晚餐做新鮮的麵包了。
Americans still eat breakfast foods like bread and eggs that their ancestors did.
美國人早餐吃的食物仍然像他們的祖先一樣,例如會吃麵包和雞蛋。
Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people's concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same.
作家希瑟·阿恩特·安德森指出,人們對健康食品選擇的擔憂也沒有改變。
She says the idea of clean eating and healthy eating has been around for hundreds of years.
她說,清潔飲食和健康飲食的理念已經存在數百年。
She adds, "The only thing that's changed has been the details with which we define what these things are — what clean eating is, and being healthy."
她還說:「唯一改變的是我們定義這些東西的細節,如什麼是乾淨的飲食,什麼是健康。」
Arndt Anderson hopes more Americans will see leftovers as a breakfast food.
阿恩特·安德森希望更多的美國人將剩菜剩菜作為早餐。
She adds that leftovers taste good and are a great way to reduce waste.
她補充說,剩菜味道很好,是減少浪費的好方法。
I'm Jonathan Evans.
喬納森·埃文斯為您播報。