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The electrical system provides electrical power to many different systems from some flight instruments to aircraft. lights, flaps and landing gear, the electrical system powers them all.
電源系統給飛機的設備提供電力，燈光，襟翼和起落架，都由電源系統提供
The electrical system is usually complied about 14 volt, or 28 volt direct current or DC systems made up of some basic components, it consists of a alternator, a battery switches, circuit breakers or fuses, relays, voltage regulator ,ammeter or loadmeter,and electrical wiring which connect them all.
電源系統通常是14伏或者28伏直流系統，由許多基本元件組成，包括發電機，電瓶，電門，跳開關或保險，繼電器，調壓器，電流表，負載表，和連接它們的電線
Let us study some of these components and more details.
讓我們來詳細認識一下這些元件
Similar to a car ,the alternator is driven by the engine through a alternate belt which generally ignite electricity for the entire systems.
The alternator is the primary means of power in the electrical system during normal operations with the engine running. not only does the alternator provide power to the electrical systems,it also charges the battery.
和汽車類似，發動機通過皮帶驅動發電機，給整個系統提供電力。發電機是發動機運轉期間最主要的供電方式。發電機提供電力的同時，還給電瓶充電。
The battery is mainly used to start the engine or to power the equipment when the engine is not running, in the cold weather the battery capacity can be severely reduced, so it’s important that pilot concerns battery power.
電瓶主要是用來啟動發動機，以及在發動機不工作的時候給系統提供電源。在低溫的情況下，電瓶的容量會嚴重減少，飛行員關注電瓶電量是非常重要的。
The electrical system is protected either by circuit breakers or fuses,
most morden airplanes incorporate with the circuit breakers instead of the fuses because they are resetable. a circuit breaker pops when there is a excessive voltage which result in high heat in the electrical wire.
電源系統通過跳開關或者保險來保護，大多數現代飛機都選擇跳開關取代保險，因為跳開關可以復位,超限的電壓導致線路過熱，跳開關彈出斷開電路，
Fuses are not the popular choice today, although they work similar to a circuit breaker, once the fuse burns, it must be relpaced and that logical circuit would not be completed until the fuses fixed,
當今保險不常用，雖然它作用和跳開關類似，但是一但保險絲燒斷，必須更換，不然邏輯線路無法正常工作。
Circuit breakers are usually group together on the cockpit by the bus they are located on, not the bus brought to school but electrical bus, and the electrical bus is like a power strip, you can block moderate things into a strip,and if you turn that strip on everything poured into the strip might be powered, and in the electrical system the same things remain true.
跳開關通常集中在駕駛艙的匯流條(BUS)上，不是開到學校去的校車(BUS)，電源匯流條就好比接線板，你可以插上很多插頭到上面去，一旦你打開接線板開關，所有的設備都會通電，飛機的電源系統也是一樣的。
編註：BUS 在航空專業英文中釋義如下：
bus (electrical system). A point within an electrical system from which the individualcircuits get their power.
對應詞組有：
bus bar (aircraft electrical system component). A power distribution point in an aircraft electrical system. Bus bars are usually strips of metal to which generator or battery power is connected and from which circuit breakers pick up this power and carry it to the appropriate circuits within the aircraft.
bus tie breaker. A circuit breaker used to connect two electrical bus bars.
摘自航空術語詞典「Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms」 By Dale Crane
中文釋義有匯流條， 數據總線，在電源系統裡叫匯流條，走信號的叫數據總線。By 時光荏苒
The compenents of the electrical system usually divided into moderate buses, for example there may be a main bus and avionics bus, on the main bus many equipments such as lights power and on the avionics bus most of the instruments and equipments are around those instrument power.
電源系統裡的負載通常被劃分到不同的匯流條上，打個比方，一個主匯流條，和一個航電匯流條，主匯流條裡接的是像燈光之類的電器設備，航電匯流條裡接的大多是電子儀表和設備。
While there may be one of electrical bus or many than entire electrical system needs to be powered safely in order to prevent possibilty to go fire, in order to do this ,a voltage regulator at alternator control unit worked to monitor on control the electrical system.The voltage regulator will allow alternator and generator power to charge the battery ,and power the system with an acceptable voltage by stabilizing the output and input of the alternator.
電源匯流條或者整個電源系統都需要安全供電，以防止著火的可能。為此，在發動機控制組件裡設置了一個電壓調節器來監控電源系統的控制。電壓調節器通過穩定發電機的輸入輸出，給系統和電瓶供給可靠穩定的電壓。
Finally the pilot can monitor the electrical system by either an ammeter or a loadmeter, an ammeter shows the performance of the electrical system .If the alternator is providing sufficient power to the electrical system and is charging the battery , then the ammeter will show a charge. If the alternator is not charging the battery, or the battery is been in use because the alternator has failed, and negative indication can be seen on the ammeter. A zero indication simply means that it is neither charging nor discharging the battery.
最後，飛行員可以通過電流表或者負載表來監控電源系統，電流表顯示電源系統的性能，當發電機提供足夠的電源並給電瓶充電時，電流表會顯示（正值）充電。如果發電機沒有給電瓶充電，或者由於發電機失效導致電瓶正在使用，電流表會顯示負值。電流表上的0說明電瓶沒有充電也沒有放電。
While the ammeter shows the electrical performance of the alternator in relation to the battery, a loadmeter shows the load that has been placed on the alternator. So if the alternator is load at 40amps, then the indication will show 40. If the loadmeter show zero,then the alternator is either off or has failed. If the alternator failed in any electrical system,the battery will provide power, but not for very long.
電流表顯示的是發電機對於電瓶的性能，負載表則顯示的是發電機所接的負載。如果發動機的負載是40安培，負載表上顯示40。如果表上顯示0，則說明發電機關閉或者失效了。如果發電機失效，電瓶會提供電源，但是不會持續太久。
Depending on the airplane, if there are any backup battery under alternator failure, it may require a division from planned flight.
取決於飛機，如果在發電機失效的情況下使用了備用電瓶，則需要改變飛行計劃了。
部分內容預告：
機翼升力及航空空氣動力學-飛行
飛機機翼實用設計-機務
飛機液壓系統-機務
飛行中非正常著陸-飛行
飛機結構及部件-飛行及機務
陸空通話--應急通話之非英語母語用語歧義--管制
聽譯支持:
中國民航大學 張喆
東航工技武漢公司 劉謙
編輯：小G
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