吃一碗泡麵要花32天解毒」「Wifi輻射損害健康」「霧霾不散是因核汙染」……
這樣的結論是不是泛濫在你的朋友圈或者微信群，而你早已信以為真？
今天，the Beijing Hour鄭重宣布：實際上這些都不是科學真相。
近日，北京市科協等發布2014年十大科學類謠言，來看看你識破了幾個？
In this age of information overload, at times it is difficult to determine the veracity of a story and we are left wondering "Is that story really true?" Dubious websites that churn out fake news every day add to the confusion.
The following stories are completely fake but were written in such a convincing way, that they became the top 10 urban legends of last year. Read on to learn more about the tech-related false news stories wide spread on the internet in 2014.
謠言1：吃一碗方便麵要花32天解毒。
1. It takes the body 32 days to detoxify after eating cup noodles!
真相：業界一般用食品級聚乙烯（PE）作為方便麵紙杯最內層的塗層。聚乙烯耐酸、耐鹼、耐侵蝕，低於100攝氏度的聚乙烯不會釋放有害物質。方便麵中的添加劑含量一般不會太高，正常的人體代謝就能排出。
Truth: All instant noodles in the market have to pass a quality test administered by the Chinese food security watchdog. The outer layer of the package also needs to be of a certain standard, so that it does not compromise the safety of the contents. The inner coating of noodles containers are made of food grade polyethylene which is acid and alkaline resistant. Boiling water, which is at most 100 degree Celsius cannot damage this coating, or release any harmful substances.
謠言2：霧霾不散是因「核霧染」？
2. Smog won't go away because of nuclear pollution
據傳，我國內蒙古鄂爾多斯地下發現大型鈾礦和煤炭資源，因為兩者共存於同一地區，從而形成了所謂鈾煤。通過燃燒，煤炭中的鈾進入到空氣中，空氣中含有放射性元素鈾，這是目前國內大範圍霧霾的原因。
真相：霧霾難散主要影響因素為氣象條件。從目前查到的資料來看，我國鈾煤的鈾含量基本上都在2%以下。鈾元素本身是很重的元素，不容易被氧化，不會變成粉塵；再一個電廠對排放物都會進行除塵、脫硫脫硝，就是真的有，也應該是留在燃燒殘渣裡，進入空氣中是很微量的。
Truth: Smog stagnates over a region due to meteorological reasons, mainly because there isn't enough strong wind to blow it away. As for the uranium in kolm, its concentration is as low as 2%. Furthermore, all Fossil-fuel power plants in China are equipped with exhaust systems that can screen out inhalable dust and absorb the sulfur and nitrates.
謠言3：高鐵輻射嚴重致女性「不孕」?
3. High-speed trains have radiation and magnetic problems which can lead to miscarriages for pregnant women
國產高鐵存在嚴重輻射問題，並且為了節約成本而沒有採用車廂屏蔽技術以解決輻射問題。
真相：高鐵的磁場屬於非開放磁場，它的感應磁場是封閉的，輻射量很小，不會對人體造成傷害，導致女性「不孕」或「流產」。我國高鐵的車皮材料由鋁合金和鐵板材料構成，對輻射有很好的屏蔽效果。
Truth: Passengers will not be harmed by the magnetic field created by high-speed trains. The radiation levels emitted by them are very low, which will not cause harm to the human body or cause "infertility" or "miscarriages". The coach is made of an aluminum alloy and iron which can further shield passengers from these low levels of radiation.
謠言4: 瓶裝水暴曬後有毒不能喝?
4. Don't drink bottled water which have been exposed to sunlight for too long
微信圈裡流行一個朋友的提醒，不要喝車裡曬過的礦泉水。
真相：目前市面上90%的塑料瓶裝飲料採用PET材料作為瓶體材料。PET的結構相當穩定，其熔化溫度超過250℃，要發生化學變化至少要在100℃以上，汽車內顯然達不到這樣高的溫度，溫度升高後就析出有毒物質的說法沒有科學依據。
Truth: Water bottles are made of a substance called polyethylene terephthalate (PET). You can tell if a bottle contains PET because it will have a marking – a triangle containing the digit one – at the bottom of the container.
PET has been widely used as the material for food container. Plastic bottles also do not contain dioxin, a carcinogenic blamed for causing breast cancer.
謠言5: WiFi輻射會損害健康？
5. Wi-Fi is a health hazard
一條「無線路由器附近的植物不發芽」的信息在網絡上流傳甚廣。不少網民稱「被WiFi害死了還不知道」。
真相：最常見的無線路由器，其工作功率在幾十到上百毫瓦之間，比普通手機的功率小（手機最大輻射功率可達2瓦）。輻射的強度和距離平方成反比，相比手機，無線路由器等WiFi設備離使用者的距離要遠得多，這使人們接受其輻射的功率密度也要小得多。符合標準要求的設備在正常使用情況下，WiFi輻射對人體健康和安全的影響基本可以忽略不計。
Truth: Radio frequency exposures from Wi-Fi are likely to be lower than those from mobile phones. The official stance of the British Health Protection Agency is that "there is no consistent evidence so far that Wi-Fi and WLANs adversely affect the health of the general population".
謠言6: 地暖輻射會致白血病
6. Floor heating can cause leukemia
謠言：網上一篇流傳甚廣的文章稱「地暖會造成白血病、引發癌症、誘發心血管疾病，還會造成白內障等視力問題，原因在於供暖輻射」。
真相：地暖其實就是在地板中均勻鋪設熱媒，利用熱輻射的原理，達到取暖的效果。熱輻射只是熱傳遞的一種方式，這種輻射中沒有化學物質，不會對人造成傷害。至於傳言中提到熱輻射能引起白血病，這並沒有相關數據和研究論文能證實。
Truth: Neither electrical heating systems nor hydraulic systems with hot-fluids flowing in pipes that are commonly used to heat floors emit any radiation or chemical substances that are harmful to health. There is no scientific evidence to show that it can cause leukemia.
謠言7: 感染伊波拉病毒會變「殭屍」？
7. Ebola Zombies: Claims of Victims Rising From the Dead
多家媒體引用英國鏡報的文章稱「感染伊波拉病毒後被確診死亡的婦女，在被送去埋葬的途中突然甦醒，並開始在人群中到處行走」，引發很多網友的恐慌。
真相：感染者最明顯的特點是身體特別虛弱、極度乏力，許多坐著或臥倒的患者無法依靠自己的力量坐起來。
Truth: 'Risen from the dead' Ebola zombie stories are a complete hoax. Resurrections are not scientific; needless to say, the images used were fake and was actually a photoshopped screenshot from the zombie movie World War Z.
謠言8: 法國科學家證明轉基因玉米可致癌？
8. French scientist finds fresh evidence saying GMO's are unsafe for consumption.
《太可怕了，希望互相轉發相告！》的文章廣為傳播，該文稱法國科學家實驗證明轉基因玉米誘發腫瘤，並配發了實驗小鼠的圖片。
真相：消費者當然可以自由選擇轉基因或非轉基因食品。就事論事，該文引用的法國科學家（即塞拉利尼）所做的實驗並沒有得到科學同行的認可，歐盟食品安全局在調查後，也認為該實驗存在設計、統計上的缺陷。該實驗論文發表一年後，已被出版它的《食品與化學毒理學》雜誌撤稿。
Truth: The news first broke in 2012 when Séralini published results from an experiment that involved feeding corn and the widely used herbicide "roundup" to rats.
After the findings were published, other scientists have questioned Séralini's claims citing the small sample size and the length of the relatively short length of the study. The republication of the paper in 2014 rekindled the controversy.
謠言9: 兒童吃一次抗生素7天不發育？
9. Taking antibiotics will slow down toddlers' growth
謠言：最近朋友圈裡有一篇流傳很廣的文章，聲稱小孩吃一次抗生素7天不發育，「不發育」就是指他的五臟六腑，身體的所有部分都不往外長。
真相：抗生素的功能就是破壞細胞某種結構從而抑制細菌繁殖或殺死細菌，它只針對特定的細胞有效果，被篩選出作為藥物的抗生素都是專門針對致病菌的，並不傷害人體正常的細胞。有傳言稱小孩吃一次抗生素7天不發育。但真相是，被篩選出作為藥物的抗生素都是專門針對致病病菌的，並不傷害人體正常細胞。
Truth: Antibiotics kill bacteria but not human cells. If a child is diagnosed with a bacterial infection and your pediatrician prescribes an antibiotic, then its wiser to follow the doctor's advice.
However, giving an antibiotic for a viral illness will only result in killing the healthy bacteria in your toddler's system. This will make his body more susceptible to a bacterial infection. So parents must be careful, to prevent an overdose or wrongful usage.
謠言10: NASA稱地球將進入連續數天黑夜？
10. Viral news on dark days in December a hoax
謠言：「美國國家航空和宇宙航行局（NASA）向全世界發出警告，宣稱他們已經確認地球將在2014年12月16日到12月22日的六天內，經歷一個完全黑暗的時期。」文章還附帶了一個視頻，稱是NASA負責人發布的緊急演說。
真相：這樣的「謠言帖」經常出現，仔細看這段視頻就會發現，根本沒有提到任何太陽風暴的內容，而是針對美國政府Eagle Horizon演習行動（每年都會舉行的一項應急演習）的一段演說。另外，這個謠言毫無天文常識。最後，我們現在還在正常生活。
Truth: it didn't happen! But many believed the article published on popular fake news site 'www.huzlers .com'