熱愛醫學英語,關注|置頂醫學英語詞彙
A 76-year-old male presents to the emergency room[急診室]. He had influenza[流感] and now presents with diffuse muscle pain[肌痛] and weakness. His past medical history is remarkable for osteoarthritis[骨關節炎], for which he takes ibuprofen[布洛芬].
Physical examination[體格檢查] reveals a blood pressure[血壓] of 130/90 with no orthostatic change. The only other finding is diffuse muscle tenderness[肌肉壓痛].
Laboratory data includes:
BUN: 30 mg/dL[尿素氮]
Creatinine: 6 mg/dL[肌酐]
K: 6.0 meq/L[鉀]
Uric acid: 18 mg/dL [尿素]
Ca: 6.5 mg/dL[鈣]
PO4: 7.5 mg/dL[磷酸]
CPK: 28,000 IU/L[肌酸磷酸激酶]
Urine output: 40 mL/h [尿排出量]
備註:第4題d應為:
d. Hematocrit[血細胞比容] falls to <30%
標紅即為答案。
1.Which is the most likely diagnosis[診斷]?
a. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug–induced acute renal failure (ARF)[非甾體抗炎藥導致的急性腎衰竭]
b. Volume depletion
c. Rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF [橫紋肌溶解症候群導致的急性腎衰竭]
d. Urinary tract obstruction [尿路梗阻]
2.Which diagnostic test is most useful for this patient?
a. Urine sodium[尿鈉]
b. Urinalysis[尿液分析]
c. Renal ultrasound[腎臟超聲檢查]
d. Urine uric acid–urine creatinine ratio [尿素與尿肌酐比值]
3.For this patient, which of the following is the initial therapy for
rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF?
a. Mannitol 甘露醇
b. Dopamine 多巴胺
c. Natriuretic peptide 利尿肽
d. Alkaline diuresis 鹼化尿液
4. For this patient, which of the following would be a specific indication to start dialysis?
a. BUN rises to >90 mg/dL
b. Urine output falls to <10 mL/h
c. Pericardial friction rub[心包摩擦音] develops
d. Hematocrit[血細胞比容] falls to <30%
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