2020年已悄然結束，本期推送新視界為大家帶來12月的科研資訊，新一期的國際關係學科英文核心期刊簡報選取期刊列表如下：
International Organization
International Security
American Political Science Review
European Journal of International Relations
Journal of Conflict Resolution
International Organization
Vol. 74, Iss. 4 - Fall 2020
1. The Suffragist Peace
Barnhart, J., Trager, R., Saunders, E., & Dafoe, A.
pp. 633-670
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000508
Abstract
Preferences for conflict and cooperation are systematically different for men and women: across a variety of contexts, women generally prefer more peaceful options and are less supportive of making threats and initiating conflict. But how do these preferences affect states』 decisions for war and patterns of conflict at the international level, such as the democratic peace? Women have increasingly participated in political decision making over the last century because of suffragist movements. But although there is a large body of research on the democratic peace, the role of women's suffrage has gone unexplored. Drawing on theory, a meta-analysis of survey experiments in international relations, and analysis of crossnational conflict data, we show how features of women's preferences about the use of force translate into specific patterns of international conflict. When empowered by democratic institutions and suffrage, women's more pacific preferences generate a dyadic democratic peace (i.e., between democracies), as well as a monadic peace. Our analysis supports the view that the enfranchisement of women is essential for the democratic peace.
2. Power, Control, and the Logic of Substitution in Institutional Design: The Case of International Climate Finance
Graham, E., & Serdaru, A.
pp. 671-706
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000181
3. Continuity or Change? (In)direct Rule in British and French Colonial Africa
Müller-Crepon, C.
pp. 707-741
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000211
4. Historical Institutionalism Meets Practice Theory: Renewing the Selection Process of the United Nations Secretary-General
Pouliot, V.
pp. 742-772
doi:10.1017/S002081832000020X
5. Genocidal Consolidation: Final Solutions to Elite Rivalry
Van der Maat, E.
pp. 773-809
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000259
6. The Promise of Peacekeeping: Protecting Civilians in Civil Wars
Carnegie, A., & Mikulaschek, C.
pp. 810-832
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000442
7. Chinese Aid and Local Ethnic Identification
Isaksson, A.
pp. 833-852
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000260
8. Too Late to Apologize? Collateral Damage, Post-Harm Compensation, and Insurgent Violence in Iraq
Silverman, D.
pp. 853-871
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000193
9. Do Women Make More Credible Threats? Gender Stereotypes, Audience Costs, and Crisis Bargaining
Schwartz, J., & Blair, C.
pp. 872-895
doi:10.1017/S0020818320000223
International Security
Vol. 45, No. 2 – Fall 2020
1. Network Connections and the Emergence of the Hub-and-Spokes Alliance System in East Asia
Izumikawa, Y.
pp. 7-50.
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00389
Abstract
Why did the so-called hub-and-spokes alliance system emerge in East Asia after World War II instead of a multilateral alliance? Realists and constructivists offer various explanations, pointing to such factors as the United States' preference for bilateral alliances, the absence of a collective identity, and historical memories of Japanese imperialism. None of these explanations is satisfactory, however. Indeed, the historical record reveals that the United States sought a multilateral alliance in East Asia until the early 1960s. A theoretical model based on a social exchange network approach explains how a specific form of network can develop among potential allies. In East Asia, three U.S. allies—Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—contributed to the emergence and shape of the hub-and-spokes system, which came into being as an unintended consequence of their interactions. The preferences and behavior of these allies proved at least as consequential as those of the United States in shaping this system. The implications of this finding could be significant for alliance politics in contemporary East Asia.
2. Death Dust: The Little-Known Story of US and Soviet Pursuit of Radiological Weapons. International Security
Meyer, S., Bidgood, S., & Potter, W. C.
pp. 51-94
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00391
3. Putin, Putinism, and the Domestic Determinants of Russian Foreign Policy
McFaul, M.
pp. 95-139
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00390
4. The Stopping Power of Norms: Saturation Bombing, Civilian Immunity, and US Attitudes toward the Laws of War
Carpenter, C., & Montgomery, A. H.
pp. 140-169
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00392
5. Does the Noncombatant Immunity Norm Have Stopping Power? A Debate
Sagan, S. D., Valentino, B. A., Carpenter, C., & Montgomery, A. H.
pp. 170-186.
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00393
6. Correspondence: Is China a Cautious Bully?
Kim, T., Taffer, A., & Zhang, K.
pp. 187-193
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_c_00386
7. Correspondence: Clandestine Capabilities and Technological Diffusion Risks
Allison, David M., et al.
pp. 194-198
https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_c_00396
American Political Science Review
Vol. 114, Iss. 4
1. Which Identity Frames Boost Support for and Mobilization in the #BlackLivesMatter Movement? An Experimental Test
BONILLA, T., & TILLERY, A.
pp. 947-962
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000544
Abstract
The Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement has organized hundreds of disruptive protests in American cities since 2013 (Garza 2014; Harris 2015; Taylor 2016). The movement has garnered considerable attention from the U.S. media and is well recognized by the U.S. public (Horowitz and Livingston 2016; Neal 2017). Social movement scholars suggest that such robust mobilizations are typically predicated on clear social movement frames (Benford and Snow 2000; Snow et al. 1986). Tillery (2019b) has identified several distinct message frames within the social media communications of BLM activists. In this paper, we use a survey experiment to test the effect of three of these frames—Black Nationalist, Feminist, and LGBTQ+ Rights—on the mobilization of African Americans. We find that exposure to these frames generates differential effects on respondents』 willingness to support, trust, canvass, and write representatives about the Black Lives Matter movement. These findings raise new questions about the deployment of intersectional messaging strategies within movements for racial justice.
2. The Distinctive Political Status of Dissident Minorities
SCHRAUB, D.
pp. 963-975
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000659
3. Representing Silence in Politics
BRITO VIEIRA, M.
pp. 976-988
doi:10.1017/S000305542000043X
4. Women’s Representation and the Gendered Pipeline to Power
THOMSEN, D., & KING, A.
pp. 989-1000
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000404
5. Institutionalized Police Brutality: Torture, the Militarization of Security, and the Reform of Inquisitorial Criminal Justice in Mexico
MAGALONI, B., & RODRIGUEZ, L.
pp. 1013-1034
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000520
6. Gender, Law Enforcement, and Access to Justice: Evidence from All-Women Police Stations in India
JASSAL, N.
pp. 1035-1054
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000684
7. Party Competition and Coalitional Stability: Evidence from American Local Government
BUCCHIANERI, P.
pp. 1055-1070
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000386
8. The Quality of Vote Tallies: Causes and Consequences
CHALLÚ, C., SEIRA, E., & SIMPSER, A.
pp. 1071-1085
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000398
9. Buying Power: Electoral Strategy before the Secret Vote
GINGERICH, D.
pp. 1086-1102
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000568
10. Carving Out: Isolating the True Effect of Self-Interest on Policy Attitudes
HASELSWERDT, J.
pp. 1103-1116
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000465
11. Polarized Pluralism: Organizational Preferences and Biases in the American Pressure System
CROSSON, J., FURNAS, A., & LORENZ, G.
pp. 1117-1137
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000350
12. What You See Is Not Always What You Get: Bargaining before an Audience under Multiparty Government
MARTIN, L., & VANBERG, G.
pp. 1138-1154
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000337
13. What You See Is Not Always What You Get: Bargaining before an Audience under Multiparty Government
BALIGA, S., BUENO DE MESQUITA, E., & WOLITZKY, A.
pp. 1155-1178
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000362
14. How Much is One American Worth? How Competition Affects Trade Preferences?
MUTZ, D., & LEE, A.
pp. 1179-1194
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000623
15. Learning about Growth and Democracy
ABRAMSON, S., & MONTERO, S.
pp. 1195-1212
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000325
16. Does Property Ownership Lead to Participation in Local Politics? Evidence from Property Records and Meeting Minutes
YODER, J.
pp. 1213-1229
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000556
17. Does Political Affirmative Action Work, and for Whom? Theory and Evidence on India’s Scheduled Areas
GULZAR, S., HAAS, N., & PASQUALE, B.
pp. 1230-1246
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000532
18. Autocratic Stability in the Shadow of Foreign Threats
DI LONARDO, L., SUN, J., & TYSON, S.
pp. 1247-1265
doi:10.1017/S0003055420000489
European Journal of International Relations
Vol. 26, Iss. 4 - December 2020
1. Organizing for performance: coalition effectiveness on the battlefield
Cappella Zielinski, R., & Grauer, R.
pp. 953-978
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120903369
Abstract
States often fight side-by-side on the battlefield. As detailed in our new dataset, Belligerents in Battle, 178 of the 480 major land battles fought during interstate wars waged between 1900 and 2003 involved at least one multinational coalition. Though coalition partners fight battles together to increase their odds of securing specific objectives, they vary significantly in their capacity to do so. Why? Drawing on organization theory insights, we argue that coalitions』 variable battlefield effectiveness is a function of interactions between their command structures and the resources each partner brings to the fight. Coalitions adopting command structures tailored to simultaneously facilitate the efficient use of partners』 variably sized resource contributions and discourage free-riding, shirking, and other counterproductive actions will fight effectively; those that employ inappropriate command structures will not. Evidence from Anglo-French operations during World War I and Axis operations during World War II strongly supports our claim. For scholars, our argument and findings about the importance of military organizational dynamics for the operation and performance of coalitions raise important new questions and provide potential insights about coalition formation, duration, and termination. For practitioners, it is significant that, since 1990, 36 of 49 of major battles in interstate wars have involved at least one coalition and the majority of those coalitions have been, like the cases we study, ad hoc in nature. Understanding how command arrangements affect performance and getting organization right at the outset of wars is increasingly important.
2. Shifting targets: the effect of peacekeeping on postwar violence
Bara, C.
pp. 979-1003
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120902503
3. Rebel governance in de facto states
Florea, A.
pp. 1004-1031
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120919481
4. Grist to the mill of subversion: strikes and coups in counterinsurgencies
Gläßel, C., González, B., & Scharpf, A.
pp. 1032-1060
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120923028
5. From armed conflict to urban violence: transformations in the International Committee of the Red Cross, international humanitarianism, and the laws of war
Bradley, M.
pp. 1061-1083
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120908637
6. Amoral realism or just war morality? Disentangling different conceptions of necessity
Matsumoto, Masakazu.
pp. 1084-1105
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120910233
7. Bringing Morgenthau’s ethics in: pluralism, incommensurability and the turn from fragmentation to dialogue in IR
Karkour, H. L., & Giese, D.
pp. 1106-1128
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120934044
8. Democratic Breakdown and the Hidden Perils of the Democratic Peace
Tschantret, J.
pp. 1129-1155
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120916525
9. Loyalty in world politics. European Journal of International Relations
Poulsen, L. N. S.
pp. 1156-1177
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120905895
10. Rethinking leadership: understanding the roles of the US and China in the negotiation of the Paris Agreement
Eckersley, R.
pp. 1178-1202
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120927071
11. Realist avenues to global International Relations
Foulon, M., & Meibauer, G.
pp. 1202-1229
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120926706
12. Revisiting the expansion thesis: international society and the role of the Dutch East India company as a merchant empire
Blachford, K.
pp. 1230-1248
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120932300
13. Company-states and the creation of the global international system
Phillips, A., & Sharman, J. C.
pp. 1249-1272
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066120928127
Journal of Conflict Resolution
Vol. 65, Iss. 1, January 2021
1. Introduction to the Special Feature on Dynamic Processes of Rebel Governance
Cunningham, K. G., & Loyle, C. E.
pp. 3-14
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720935153
Abstract
Research on conflict processes has recently highlighted the myriad of tactics rebels use which are not violent in nature (cf. Petrova 2019; Ryckman 2020; Cunningham, Dahl, and Frugé 2017). Concurrently, rebel governance has drawn increasing attention from scholars and peacebuilding practitioners. In-depth historical studies of rebel groups highlight the activities and behaviors that rebels engage in beyond making war—such as providing social services and building local political institutions (Mampilly 2011; Arjona 2016a; Arjona, Kasfir, and Mampilly 2015). Complementing these works, studies have sought to provide cross-national examination of trends in these governance behaviors (Huang 2016; Heger and Jung 2017; Stewart 2018). Despite this work, quantitative and formal research in conflict processes often ignores the insights that the rebel governance literature has generated, frequently focusing exclusively on violent tactics or considering governance issues primarily as part of conflict settlement processes. In this special feature, we work to integrate the study of rebel governance with the conflict processes literature, providing a conceptual link between the two while offering novel contributions to advance our understanding of the dynamic processes of rebel governance.
2. A typology of rebel political institutional arrangements
Mampilly, Z., & Stewart, M. A.
pp. 15-45
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720935642
Abstract
What are the different political institutions rebels create to engage captive civilian populations, and how do they arrive at distinct political arrangements? Rebel-controlled territories host a diversity of political institutions ranging from structures designed to promote democratic decision-making to martial law. Although previous research has focused on rebel social service provision and other aspects of rebel governance, few have investigated variation in the institutional arrangements rebels adopt. In this article, we identify a set of four dimensions along which rebel political institutions vary leading to six ideal–typical forms of political arrangements. We argue that an iterative and dynamic stepwise process, determined by rebel group strategies and local conditions, produces one of these political institutional outcomes. Importantly, the type of rebel political institutions within one location can change throughout the war, and variation sometimes emerges across territories the same rebel group controls. We demonstrate the plausibility of our arguments through a series of illustrative case studies that correspond to the formation processes of our six ideal–typical political arrangements. We conclude with recommendations for future research.
3. Competitive Governance and Displacement Decisions Under Rebel Rule: Evidence from the Islamic State in Iraq
Revkin, M. R.
pp. 46-80
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720951864
4. Voting for militants: Rebel elections in civil war
Cunningham, K. G., Huang, R., & Sawyer, K. M.
pp. 81-107
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720937750
5. Rebel justice during armed conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution
Loyle, C. E.
pp. 108-134
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720939299
6. Provoking Ordinary People: The Effects of Terrorism on Civilian Violence
Brandsch, J., & Python, A.
pp. 135-165
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720937748
7. Street-level Repression: Protest, Policing, and Dissent in Uganda
Curtice, T. B., & Behlendorf, B.
pp. 166-194
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720939304
8. The Consequences of Defeat: The Quest for Status and Morale in the Aftermath of War
Barnhart, J.
pp. 195-222
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720942585
9. The Effect of Imagined Social Contact on Chinese Students』 Perceptions of Japanese People
Dong, Wang, Alastair Iain Johnston, and Baoyu Wang
pp. 223-251
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002720942824