最近有同學問到經濟學人精讀群的試聽課程,之前幾期是有試聽課的,不過本期沒有專門開設試聽課程,因此今天從往期精讀課中選出一段(文章共16段,字數為1551字),供大家參考學習~
文章選自《經濟學人》,主題為疫情對教育的影響
先來看標題:
How the covid-19 pandemic is interrupting children's education
新冠肺炎全球大流行如何擾亂兒童教育
文章選自International版。International板塊的文章不會把視角局限在某一個國家或區域,而是會放眼全球,討論多個地區的情況。其實有關疫情對教育影響的外刊報導有很多,之前公眾號上也精讀了一篇文章的一小部分👉經濟學人丨停課造成的不平等,主要講的是停課對學生的不利影響,乃至會加劇不平等。而本文也是討論因疫情停課對兒童教育的影響。因此建議大家將停課造成的不平等當作平行文本來閱讀,積累素材和觀點,提高自己的寫作翻譯能力~
根據文章的引言How the covid-19 pandemic is interrupting children's education我們可以知道本文的討論的中心點在how
那麼作者分析了哪幾個國家的情況?這些國家的教育分別遭受了怎樣的影響呢?接下來我們就來認真學習下作者的分析視角吧
①Children usually rejoice in a break from school, assuming it will be a chance to slack off. ②Not Ryu, a nine-year-old in Tokyo. ③As the new coronavirus spread across Japan, schools throughout the country closed on March 2nd. ④His parents have enforced a strict schedule every day. ⑤It includes Japanese, science and physical education. ⑥He does mathematics on his abacus every morning. ⑦On weekdays he is allowed to play in a park for 90 minutes. ⑧「I wish I could take him to the park more, but we have limited time as we work from home,」 frets his mother, Fujimaki Natsuko.
本段開篇描寫了日本一個小男孩目前的學習狀態。這種描寫生活真小人物生活狀態的寫作手法在經濟學人中也十分常見,可以拉進和讀者之間的距離,為下文做具體論述做好準備。
在之前的精讀課中,我們學過一篇文章:Locked down,文章開篇描寫了豫園中一個小商販生意慘澹的場景,與本文開篇有異曲同工之妙,一起來複習下:
The Yu garden, a 16th-century complex of pavilions and ponds in the heart of Shanghai, is all gussied up for the Chinese new-year holiday. Its walkways are bedecked with colourful lanterns, its stalls laden with dumplings, its entrances flanked by dozens of security guards to handle crowds.(場景描寫很有畫面感,值得學習哦~) Just one thing is missing: people. Fearful of coronavirus, they are staying home. 「I』ll be doing well if I make a few sales today,」 says Li Xinming,manager of a silk-scarf shop. Last year Yu Garden attracted 700,000 visitors during the holidayweek, peak season for it and its merchants. This year, Mr Li says his losses might wipe out his earnings for months to come.
①句描寫正常情況下,假期期間孩子們的心裡狀態,其中usually一次暗含轉折,為下文unusual的情況埋下了伏筆:①Children usually rejoice in a break from school, assuming it will be a chance to slack off.
與usually作用類似的還有generally等詞,即「通常情況下…」,因此我們在讀文章的時候就可以預測接下來會寫「不通常」的情況
rejoice /rɪ'dʒɒɪs/是不及物動詞,文中rejoice與介詞in搭配使用,此外,還可與at / over sth搭配使用,是比較正式的用法,表示「非常高興;深感欣喜」,英文釋義為to express great happiness about sth;比如目前全球共同期盼的可能就是疫情結束了,等到疫情結束的時候,人們就終於可以歡欣鼓舞啦,可以譯作When the pandemic ends, people will finally havecause to rejoice.
assume /ə'sjuːm/我們比較熟悉的含義是「假設」,但更多情況下assume其實都可以直接譯作「認為」,看下英文釋義就知道了to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it
【隨堂翻譯小練】
1.認為經濟將繼續好轉是有道理的。
2.普遍認為,緊張是工作過重所致。
3.別總往最壞處想。
【你的譯文】
1.
2.
3.
【參考譯文】
1.It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve.
2.It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
3.Don't always assume the worst .
assume還有一個十分常見的用法,即表示「承擔責任」的含義,如assume responsibility
slack off:to do sth more slowly or with less energy than before,「鬆懈;放鬆」的意思
slack做動詞本身就是「怠惰;偷懶 」的意思,英文釋義為 to work less hard than you usually do orshould do,因此大家以後再寫作文/翻譯時,想說work less hard的時候,可以考慮用slack替代哦~
②句便開始轉折,先引出要描寫的人物:Not Ryu, a nine-year-old in Tokyo. 本句話只是一個名詞結構,沒有正常句式的主謂賓,起到引出人物的作用
③句交代事件發生的背景:As the new coronavirus spread across Japan, schools throughout the country closed on March 2nd.
④--⑥句交代Ryu目前的學習狀態:His parents have enforced a strict schedule everyday. ⑤It includes Japanese, science and physical education. ⑥He does mathematics on his abacus every morning.
enforce /ɪn'fɔːs/是「強迫;迫使」的意思,英文釋義為to make sth happen or force sb to do sth,常見的搭配為enforce sth on sb,其實我們也可以通過單詞的構成推測出該單詞的含義,force本身就有「強迫」的含義,en-做前綴可以表示對動作的加強,因此enforce還是「強迫」的含義
every day VS everyday:分開寫的every day做時間狀語;合起來寫的everyday為形容詞,做定語,語法功能完全不同。大家在平時書寫時一定要注意,尤其是最近在備考CATTI的同學,考場上千萬不要犯這種低級錯誤哦~
schedule /'ʃedjuːl/是英音,美音為/'skɛdʒul/,不知道大家對哪個發音比較熟悉呢~聽寫練習的時候有木有被不同的發音難道呢~
schedule做可數名詞時表示的是「工作計劃;日程安排」,也就是a plan that gives a list of events or tasks and the times at which each one should happen or be done,比如「程安排得很緊」可以說 have hectic schedules「本文中schedule即為可數名詞
schedule做不可數名詞則表示「計劃的時間或方式「,即the time or way something is planned to be done,比如我們常用的表達ahead of schedule中的schedule就是不可數名詞
abacus /'æbəkəs/是算盤,看下圖
An abacus is a frame used for counting. It has rods with sliding beads on them. 不知道大家有木有學過打算盤,Cindy上幼兒園的時候是學過滴~
⑦句為Ryu的休閒時間,其中90minutes與④--⑥句形成對比,突出真正享受假期的時間很短:On weekdays he is allowed to play in a park for 90 minutes.
⑧句交代了Ryu 父母目前的工作狀態:在家工作,在照顧孩子方面有分身乏術之感:「I wish I could take him to the park more, but we have limited time as we work from home,」 frets his mother, Fujimaki Natsuko.
fret /fret/是不及物動詞,常與介詞about / over 搭配使用,表示「苦惱;煩躁;焦慮不安「,英文釋義為to be worried or unhappy and not able to relax,因此大家平時在寫作時如果用到be worried的話,記得考慮用fret替換哦~
【隨堂翻譯小練】
苦惱於事無補。
【你的譯文】
【參考譯文】
Fretting about it won't help.
最後來看下本段翻譯,注意在翻譯過程中的句式結構調整:
孩子們通常都喜歡學校放假(Children usually rejoice in a break from school),心想(assuming)又可以玩兒了(it will be a chance to slack off)。但在東京(in Tokyo),九歲的(a nine-year-old)小龍不開心(Not Ryu)。因為新冠病毒在日本傳播(As the new coronavirus spread across Japan),全國的學校(schools throughout the country)都在3月2日關閉了(closed on March 2nd)。父母每天對他執行嚴格的學習時間表(His parents have enforced a strict schedule every day),包括日語(It includes Japanese)、科學和體育(science and physical education)。每天早上(every morning)他在算盤上做算術(He does mathematics on his abacus)。工作日(On weekdays)他可以到公園裡玩(he is allowed to play in a park)一個半小時(for 90 minutes)。「我希望能多帶他去公園(I wish I could take him to the park more),但我們在家工作(as we work from home),沒那麼多時間(but we have limited time)。」媽媽藤卷夏子(Fujimaki Natsuko)也犯愁(frets his mother)。
如果精讀對你有幫助的話,希望點個【在看】讓我知道哦,你的支持就是我堅持下去的動力無論你是想要精讀經濟學人但找不到學習方法,還是想要閱讀平行文本但找不到材料,抑或是想到讀懂一篇外刊卻看不懂長難句,都可以參加經濟學人精讀學習群。如果你一直堅持閱讀外刊,但卻遲遲沒有效果,很可能是閱讀方法不當,而經濟學人精讀學習群可以幫你找到正確的學習方法,達到事半功倍~有的學員發現了自己學習方法上的不足;有的學員認識到了閱讀外刊的重要性有學員在翻譯和文章理解上有收穫;還有學員發現精讀也並不枯燥,可以很有趣~精讀群課程費用為100元,平均每天4元左右。考慮到學生黨佔比比較多,因此學習群還有以下福利:可以邀請身邊想要提高英語學習能力的朋友一起參加英語學習群,每成功邀請一位可獲得10元優惠,最多可邀請4人👆以上福利可以同享~是不是約等於「白嫖」
有關精聽,大家可以看下今天第二篇的推送哦~除了音頻+口譯練習外,學習群每天還有BBC文本的詳細解析~具體可以參考下面的BBC精聽文章👇